Jastrow: כָּבַשׁ

כָּבַשׁ (b. h.; cmp. כָּבַס) 1) to press, squeeze. Ohol. VIII, 5 כ׳ את האבן וכ׳ if one pressed a stone on (weighted) the sheet. Bets. 23ᵇ שהיא כּוֹבֶשֶׁת because it (the wagon) presses (the ground) down. Sabb. XX, 5 לא כוֹבְשִׁין you must not screw down, v. מַכְבֵּשׁ; a. fr.—Part. pass. כָּבוּשׁ, f. כְּבוּשָׁה pressed, compressed; pressing. Ib. 135ᵃ; Tosef. ib. XV (XVI), 9; a. e. ערלה כ׳ היא the foreskin (which seems to be wanting) is pressed (to the membrum). Tosef. Ohol. IX, 4 כאילו אבנים כְּבוּשׁוֹת וכ׳ as if stones were placed tightly upon them. Ex. R. s. 15 ההר … כְּבוּשִׁין על וכ׳ a mountain on each side pressing upon (preventing the run of) the springs; a. fr. —2) כ׳ פנים (בקרקע) to press the face into the ground, to hide one’s self in fear or shame. Snh. 19ᵇ כָּבְשׁוּ פניהם בקרקע they cast their looks down (were afraid to give an opinion). Y. ib. X, 27ᵈ (ref. to Is. VII, 3) א"ת כובס אלא כּוֹבֵשׁ שהיה כובש פניו וכ׳ read not kobes, but kobesh, for he hid his face and fled before him; (Bab. ib. 104ᵃ דכבשינהו לאפי Chald.).—3) to press vegetables, meat &c.; to preserve, pickle. Toh. II, 1 האשה … כּוֹבֶשֶׁת וכ׳ if a woman was pressing vegetables in a pot. Ukts. II, 1 זתים שכְּבָשָׁן וכ׳ olives which one pressed with their leaves; a. fr.—Part. pass. כָּבוּשׁ preserved substance, pickle. Ḥull. 97ᵇ, a. fr. כ׳ הרי הוא כמבושל preserved substances are in ritual law like cooked.—Pl. כְּבוּשִׁין. Pes. II, 6. Y. Sabb. I, 3ᶜ bot. כְּבוּשֵׁיהֶן preserves made by gentiles; a. fr. —4) Trnsf. to store, hide. Ḥag. 13ᵃ (ref. to Prov. XXVII, 26) א"ת כבשים אלא כְּבוּשִׁים Ms. M. (missing in ed.; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) read not K’basim (sheep) but K’bushim (hidden things), v. כִּבְשָׁן; Yalk. Prov. 961.—Sot. 10ᵇ; Macc. 23ᵇ (ref. to Gen. XXXVIII, 25) יצאת … ממני יצאו כבושים a divine voice went forth and said, ‘from me went forth the secret things’ (I declare that Judah is the father of Tamar’s children; Ar.: ממני היו הדברים כ׳, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 6); Yalk. Gen. 145; Yalk.Sam. 112., v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 6); Yalk. Gen. 145; Yalk.Sam. 112. to detain (cmp. עצר). Pesik. Bayom, p. 193ᵇ; כָּבְשָׁה אותם מטרונא וכ׳ the matron detained them one day longer; כבשה אותן התורה וכ׳ the Law detained them one day longer (before the Lord); ib. 195ᵃ, sq.; Pesik. R. suppl., s. 4. Gen. R. s. 8, end האיש כּוֹבֵשׁ וכ׳ the man detains his wife from going out; a. e. —6) to suppress, restrain, conquer. Snh. XI, 5 (89ᵃ) הכּוֹבֵש את נבואתו (a prophet) who suppresses his prophecy (being afraid to proclaim it). Ab. IV, 1 הכיבש את יצרו who conquers his passion. Lam. R. to V, 1 כובש את הגדול (not כביש), v. זַרְזִיר I. Y. Succ. V, 55ᵇ top עד שאתה מְכַבֵּשׁ … בוא וכְבוֹש וכ׳ instead of conquering the barbarians, come and subdue the Jews; Lam. R. to I, 16; ib. to IV, 19. Ex. R. s. 25 הוא כוֹבְשׁוֹ וכ׳ he suppresses (withholds the evidence) and does not produce it.—כ׳ עון to suppress guilt, to forgive, cause forgiveness. Pesik. Eth Korb., p. 61ᵇ; Pesik. R. s. 16, v. כֶּבֶשׁ; a. fr. —7) to violate. Esth. R. to VII, 7 [read:] הרי הוא כּוֹבְשֵׁנִי וכ׳ behold, he is attacking me in thy presence. —8) to pave, grade a road.—Part. pass. כָּבוּשׁ, f. כְּבוּשָׁה. Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 20 דרך כ׳ a graded road; ib. ed. Bub. 47; Yalk. Num. 764. [Pirké d’R. El. ch. LII כובשים במזלות, read with Yalk. Josh. 22: חושבים; Yalk. Gen. 77 רוגשים.]