עָמַך II (b. h.) 1) to stand, stand up, rise; to remain, endure; to be ready. Ber. V, 1 אין עוֹמְדִין להתפלל וכ׳ you must not stand up (make ready) for prayer, &c., v. כּוֹבֶד. Ib. I, 2 שכן דרך … לַעֲמוֹד וכ׳ for princes generally rise at three hours. Ib. 3 (expl. ובקומך, Deut. VI, 7) בשעה שבני אדם עוֹמְדִים at the time when people get up (in the morning). Kidd. 71ᵃ עוֹמֵד בחצי ימיו a middle-aged man. Y. Snh. VIII, 26ᵇ ע׳ בדין stood before court. B. Mets. 47ᵇ מי שאינו עומד בדיבורו who does not stand by (keep) his promise. Kil. IV, 4 העומד that part of the fence which is unimpaired, opp. פרוץ. Neg. I, 3, sq. העומד the leprous spot which remained in its place (Lev. XIII, 28). B. Bath. 60ᵇ יכולין לעמוד בה, v. גְּזֵרָה. Ex. R. s. 2 בקש משה שיַעַמְדּוּ וכו׳ Moses prayed that from him should rise priests and kings; a. v. fr.—Esp. uses: ע׳ על a) to understand. Y. Shek. I, 45ᵈ, v. אוֹפִי; a. e.—b) to insist upon. Meg. 28ᵃ לא עָמַדְתִּי על מדותי, v. מִדָּה. Kidd. l. c. מְעַמֵּד על מדותיו Pi. (Rashi מַעֲמִיד Hif.)—c) to be reduced to. Y. Ber. II, 5ᶜ ע׳ על חמשים it came down to fifty; a. fr. —2) (of liquids) to settle, become consistent. Ab. Zar. 35ᵇ חלב טהור עומד milk of a clean animal curdles (can be made into cheese or butter). —3) (of blades) to become dull (without being notched). Bets. 28ᵇ סכין שעָמְדָה מותר וכ׳ a slaughtering knife which has become dull may be sharpened on the Holy Day. —4) עוֹמֵד ל־ standing ready, designated for. Pes. 13ᵇ, a. fr. כל העומד לזרוק וכ׳ whatever is ready to be sprinkled, is considered as if it had been sprinkled. Keth. 51ᵃ top; a. fr. —5) ע׳ ב־ to resist. Cant. R. to VII, 8 כל … לעמוד בזנות he who can resister the temptation of lust; כאילו עומד בשתיהן as if he resisted both; a. e.
Hif. - הֶעֱמִיד to cause to stand, to place; to restore, preserve; to beget, produce. Y. R. Hash. I, 57ᵇ top הַעֲמִידוּ בימה put the dais up (to hold court). Tam. V, 6 היה מַעֲמִיד וכ׳ made the unclean priests stand in the eastern gate. Yeb. 62ᵇ הם הם הֶעֱמִידוּ תורה וכ׳ it was they who preserved the law (tradition) in those days. Ab. I, 1 הַעֲמִידוּ תלמידים הרבה rear many scholars. Num. R. s. 14 ה׳ בנים begot children. Koh. R. to I, 4 מה היא עומדת מַעֲמֶדֶת what does ʿomadeth (ib.) mean? She (the earth) preserves, v. תַּפְקִיד. Gen. R. s. 90 שכל ארץ וארץ מעמדת פירותיה each ground preserves its own fruits (when put into the ground). Ib. דברים שהן מַעֲמִידִין substances which conserve, v. קִטְמִית; a. fr.—2) to change the standing of; to enlarge; to reduce. Meg. 15ᵇ שתי אמות היה והֶעֱמִידוֹ על וכ׳ it was two cubits long, and he extended it to twelve. Macc. 24ᵃ (of the 613 laws of the Torah) בא דוד והֶעֱמִידָן על וכ׳ David came and brought them down to eleven (Ps. XV); בא עמוס והעמידן על אחת Amos came and reduced them to one (Am. V, 4).—3) ה׳ (על) עצמו to contain, check one’s self. Snh. 72ᵃ אין אדם מעמיד עצמו על ממונו no one will restrain himself from defending his property. Ib. 93ᵇ מַעֲמִידִין על עצמם בשעה וכ׳ they restrained themselves when they had a human need.—4) (of liquids) to make consistent, curdle. Ab. Zar. II, 5 מעמידין אותן בקיבת נבלה they make the cheese by putting into the milk rennet from an animal not ritually slaughtered. Orl. I, 7 המעמיד בשרף הערלה if one curdles milk by means of a resinous substance (an acid) from an ‘uncircumcised’ tree (v. עָרְלָה); a. e.—5) ה׳ על חזקתו to let a thing stand on the basis of its presumptive condition, to assume that the ordinary condition has not changed. Nidd. 2ᵃ הַעֲמֵד אשה על חזקתה assume that the woman has not changed her presumptive condition (of cleanness); העמד דבר על חזקתו assume everything to remain unchanged (until a change is proven). Keth. 75ᵇ; a. fr.—6) ה׳ על מדותיו (sub. עצמו), v. supra.