a throwing beyond
ὑπερβολ-ή,ἡ, (ὑπερβάλλω)
A. a throwing beyondothers, δίσκων ὑπερβολαῖς
Philostr. Im. 2.19
: in intr. sense,altitudeof a star, Arist. Mete. 342b32 .
2. overshooting, superiority,
χερῶν ὑπερβολαῖς
E. Fr. 434
; στρατιᾶς
Th. 6.31
.
3. excess,
τοῦ μεγέθεος
Archyt. 1
; opp.ἔλλειψιςorἔνδεια,
Pl. Prt. 356a , 357a , 357b ; θερμασίης
Hp. Vict. 2.65
; ὑ. δισσὴ . . , τῷ ποσῷ καὶ τῷ ποιῷ
Arist. PA 668b14
;ὑπερβολὴν τῆς ἐπιθυμίας ἔχεινc. acc. etinf., And. 3.33 , etc.: hence in various phrases,χρημάτων ὑπερβολῇ . . πρίασθαιat anextravagantprice, E. Med. 232 ;ἐπέφερον τὴν ὑ. τοῦ καινοῦσθαιpushed on theirextravagancein revolutionizing, Th. 3.82 ;οὐκ ἔχον ἐστὶν ὑπερβολήνit can go no further, D. 21.119 , cf. 25.54 ; ἃ μηδὲ πιθανὰς τὰς ὑ. ἔχει
Men. Her. 62
; soοὐδεμίανorμηδεμίαν ὑ. λείπειν,
Isoc. 4.5 , 110 , cf. D. 3.25 ; οὐδεμίαν ὑ. καταλείπων φιλοτιμίας
SIG 545.13
(Delph.,iii B. C.);εἴ τις ὑ. τούτουif there isaught beyond(worse than) this, D. 19.66 , cf. Isoc. 5.42 ;ταῦτ' οὐχ ὑ.;is not thisthe extreme, the last degree?
D. 27.38 ;ὑπερβολὴν ποιήσομαιI will putan extreme case,
Id. 19.332 ;τοσαύτην ὑ. ποιεῖσθαι ὥστε. . to go sofarthat . . , Id. 18.190 : folld. by a gen.,ὑ. ποιεῖσθαι ἐκείνων τῆς αὑτοῦ βδελυρίαςto carry his own rascalitybeyondtheirs, Id. 22.52 , cf. 23.201 , And. 4.22 , Lys. 14.38 ;ὑ. ποιεῖν τῆς τιμῆςtoraisethe price, Arist. Pol. 1259a26 ; εἰς ὑ. εὐδαιμονίας ἥκειν
Isoc. 11.14
; τοσαύτας ὑ. δωρειῶν παρές χηται
D. 20.141
;ὑ. ἀνοίας ἔχεινPolystr. p.27 W.
4. with Prep. in Adverbial phrases, = ὑπερβαλλόντως, εἰς ὑπερβολήν
in excess, exceedingly;
εἰς ὑ. ἄμεινον
E. Fr. 494
; ἀγαθὸς εἰς ὑ.
Antiph. 80.11
; ἐς ὑ. ἐκθερμαίνεσθαι
Hp. Vict. 2.65
: c. gen., κτήσαιτ' ἂν ὄλβον εἰς ὑ. πατρός
E. Fr. 282.6
( v.l. εἰς ὑπεκτροφὴν πάτρας );far beyond, τοῦ πρόσθεν εἰς ὑ. πανοῦργος,i. e.far morewicked, Id. Hipp. 939 , cf. D. 61.33 ; ἀναλίσκειν πάντα εἰς ὑπερβολάς
Pl. Ep. 326d
:— ἐξ ὑπερβολῆς
Plb. 8.15.8
:—καθ' ὑπερβολὰν τοξεύσας with surpassingaim, S. OT 1196 (lyr.); καθ' ὑ. ἐπαινεῖν extravagantly,
Isoc. 5.11
;οἱ καθ' ὑ. ἐν ἐνδείᾳ ὄντεςinextremityof need, Arist. Pol. 1295b18 ; αἱ καθ' ὑ. ἡδοναί
Id. EN 1151a12
; τὸ καθ' ὑ. τραχύ
Phld. Po.Herc. 994.35
; καθ' ὑ. ἁμαρτωλός
Ep.Rom. 7.13
: c. gen., καθ' ὑ. φιλοδοξίας
OGI 472.9
(Didyma,i A. D.):—so in dat., εὐτελὴς ὑπερβολῇ
Men. 615
; παχεῖ' ὑ.
Philem. 41
; ὑ. ἀγαθός
Arist. HA 625a29
, etc.
5. preeminence, perfection,without any notion of excess, δι' ἀρετῆς ὑπερβολήν
Id. EN 1145a24
, cf. Rh. 1367b1 , Pol. 1284a4 ;ἡ ὑ. τῆς φιλίας the best and noblest kindof friendship, Id. EN 1166b1 ; butἡ καθ' ὑ. φιλία,
= ἡ καθ' ὑπεροχήν , Id. EE 1238b18 .
6. overstrained phrase, hyperbole,
ὑπερβολὰς εἰπεῖν
Isoc. 4.88
;οἱ πρὸς ὑπερβολὴν πεπονημένοι λόγοιib. 11 ;ὑπερβολὰς εἰπεῖνmakestrong statements,
Id. 3.35 , D. 27.64 ; as a figure of speech, Arist. Rh. 1413a29 , Demetr. Eloc. 52 , Str. 3.2.9 ; πρὸς -ὴν εἰρημένος
Id. 1.2.33
.
7. τὸ καθ' ὑπερβολήν the superlative degree,in Adjectives, Arist. Top. 134b24 ;τιθέναι ὑπερβολῇib. 139a9 ; καθ' ὑ. εἰπεῖν
Id. Cael. 281a16
.
8. overbidat auction, PPetr. 2p.44
(iii B. C.).
II. crossing over, passageof mountains, etc., X. An. 1.2.25 , Plb. 3.34.6 , etc.
2. in sg. or pl.,place of passage, mountain-pass,with or withoutτοῦ ὄρους, τῶν ὀρέων,
X. An. 3.5.18 , 4.1.21 , 4.4.18 ;ὑ. τοῦ ΤαύρουWilcken Chr. 1 ii 14
(iii B. C.); αἱ τῶν Ἄλπεων ὑ.
Plb. 3.39.10
; αἱ Ἄλπιαι ὑ.
Str. 7.1.5
; ἡ κατὰ τὸν Αἷμον ὑ.
D.S. 19.73
.
III. (from Med. )delay,
τοῦ κακοῦ
Hdt. 8.112
, cf. Decr. ap. D. 18.29 , Plb. 14.9.8 ; [τῆς κρίσεως] ὑ. λαβούσης
PEnteux. 65.3
(iii B. C.).
IV. the conic section calledhyperbola,because the square of the ordinate is equal to a rectangle with height equal to the abscissa applied to the parameter (as base) butexceeding(ὑπερβάλλον), i. e. overlapping, that base, Apollon. Perg. Con. 1.12 , Procl. in Euc. p.419F.
