come to know, perceive
γιγνώσκω, Dor. ( Epich. 9 , Pi. O. 6.97 ), Aeol. , Ion. , and after Arist.
γινώσκω, butγιγνώσκωin early Att. Inscrr., as IG 12.127.19 (κατα-), etc.:fut.
A.
γνώσομαι
Il. 23.497
, etc., Dor.
3 sg.
γνωσεῖται
Call. Lav. Pall. 123
(γνώσωisf.l. in
Hp. Steril. 215 ); Cret. formἀνα-γνώοντιdub. in GDI 5075 (foraor. 1, v. ἀναγιγνώσκω ):pf.
ἔγνωκα
Pi. P. 4.287
, etc.:aor. 2
ἔγνων
Il. 13.72
, etc., Ep. dual γνώτην
Od. 21.36
, Dor.
3 pl.
ἔγνον
Pi. P. 4.120
; imper. γνῶθι
Epich. [264]
, etc.;subj.
γνῶ, γνῷς, γνῷ
Il. 1.411
, etc., Ep. also γνώω, γνώομεν
Od. 16.304
, γνώωσι
Il. 23.610
; opt. γνοίην
Il. 18.125
, etc.; pl. γνοῖμεν
Pl. Alc. 1.129a
;inf.
γνῶναι
Od. 13.312
, etc., Ep.
γνώμεναι
Il. 21.266
;part.
γνούς
S. El. 731
, etc.:— Med. ,aor. 1
γνώσασθαι
Man. 2.51
:— Pass. ,fut.
γνωσθήσομαι
Ar. Nu. 918
, Th. 1.124 , etc.:aor.
ἐγνώσθην
A. Supp. 7
(lyr.), E. El. 852 , Th. 2.65 :pf.
ἔγνωσμαι
E. HF 1287
, Th. 3.38 :—come to know, perceive, and in past tenses,know, c. acc., Il. 12.272 , etc.; as dist. fr.οἶδα know by reflection,γιγνώσκω,= know by observation, γνόντες δὲ εἰδότας περιορᾶν
Th. 1.69
; ἐγὼ δ' οἶδ' ὅτι γιγνώσκετε τοῦτον ἅπαντες
D. 18.276
;χαλεπόν ἐστι τὸ γνῶναι εἰ οἶδεν ἢ μήit is hard toperceivewhether one knows or not, Arist. AP 0.76a26 ;discern, distinguish, recognize, ὄφρ' εὖ γιγνώσκῃς ἠμὲν θεὸν ἠδὲ καὶ ἄνδρα
Il. 5.128
;ἀσπίδι γιγνώσκωνby his shield, ib. 182 ; ironically,εὖ νύ τις αὐτὸν γνώσεταιhe willlearnhim to his cost, 18.270 ; νῦν ἔγνων τὸν Ἔρωτα
Theoc. 3.15
: sts. c. gen.,γνώτην ἀλλήλων were aware of. . , Od. 21.36 , cf. 23.109 .
2. folld. by relat. clauses,γιγνώσκω δ' ὡς. . Iperceivethat . . , 21.209 ; ἔγνως ὡς θεός εἰμι
Il. 22.10
; ἔγνωκας ὡς οὐδὲν λέγεις
Ar. Nu. 1095
;γ. ὅτι. . Heraclit. 108 , A. Pr. 104 , 379 , etc.;ἵν' εἰδῆτε ὑμεῖς καὶ γνῶτε ὅτι. . D. 21.143 ; γνώμεναι εἴ μιν . . φοβέουσι
Il. 21.266
; γ. τί πέπονθε πάθος
Pl. Phlb. 60d
: c. acc. and relat. clause, Τυδείδην δ' οὐκ ἂν γνοίης, ποτέροισι μετείη
Il. 5.85
; γ. θεοὺς οἵτινές εἰσι
Heraclit. 5
; Σωκράτην γ. οἷος ἦν
X. Mem. 4.8.11
;τοὺς Πέρσας γ. ὅτι. . Id. Cyr. 2.1.11 ; also ἀλλοτρίας γῆς γ. ὅτι δύναται φέρειν
Id. Oec. 16.3
: c.part.,ἔγνων μιν . . οἰωνὸν ἐόντα perceivedthat he was . . , Od. 15.532 ; γνόντες οὐδεμίαν σφίσι τιμωρίαν οὖσαν
Th. 1.25
; ἔγνωκα . . ἠπατημένη
S. Aj. 807
;ἔγνων ἡττημένοςIfelt thatIwasbeaten, Ar. Eq. 658 ; χρυσῷ πάττων μ' οὐ γιγνώσκεις
Id. Nu. 912
, cf. Antipho 5.33 , X. Cyr. 7.2.17 : c. gen.,ὡς γνῶ χωομένοιοwhenhe was aware of. . , Il. 4.357 , cf. Pl. Ap. 27a : c.inf., ἵνα γνῷ τρέφειν τὴν γλῶσσαν ἡσυχεστέραν
S. Ant. 1089
: c. acc. etinf.,recognizethat . . , Th. 1.43 , etc.;takea thingto meanthat . . , Hdt. 1.78 : c. dupl. acc.,perceiveorknowanother to be . . , οἵους γνώσεσθε τοὺς ἀνθρώπους
X. An. 1.7.4
: abs.,ὁ γιγνώσκων the perceiver, opp.τὰ γιγνωσκόμενα the objects perceived, Pl. R. 508e ; alsoὁ γ. one who knows, a prudent person, ib. 347d :— Pass. ,εἰ γνωσθεῖεν ᾧ. . ifit were known of themin what . . , Id. Prt. 342b .
II. form a judgement, think, ταὐτά
Hdt. 9.2
; τἀναντία τούτοις γ.
X. HG 2.3.38
; οὕτω γ.
Id. An. 6.1.19
; τὰ δίκαια γ.
Lys. 22.2
;ἃ γιγνώσκω λέγειν( = τὴν γνώμην λ. ) D. 4.1 ; περὶ τῆς βοηθείας ταῦτα γιγνώσκω
Id. 1.19
;τοῦτο γιγνώσκων, ὅτι. . Men. 572 , cf. 648 ; ὡς ἐμοῦ ἀγωνιουμένου οὕτω γίγνωσκε
X. Cyr. 2.3.15
: abs.,αὐτὸς γνώσῃ seethou to that, Pl. Grg. 505c ; esp. in dialogue,ἔγνων I understand, S. Aj. 36 ;ἔγνως you are right, Id. Tr. 1221 , E. Andr. 883 ;ἔγνωκας; Lat.tenes? Nausicr. 1.5 ;judge, determine, decree that. . , c. acc. etinf., Hdt. 1.74 , 6.85 , Isoc. 17.16 : c.inf.,determineto . . , And. 1.107 :— Pass. ,to be pronounced, of a sentence or judgement, Th. 3.36 ; παρανόμως γνωσθεῖσα δίαιτα
D. 33.33
, cf. 59.47 ; κρίσις ἐγνωσμένη ὑπό τινος
Isoc. 6.30
.
2.
Pass. , of persons,to be judged guilty, A. Supp. 7 ; γνωσθέντα ζημιοῦσιν οἱ νόμοι
Arist. Rh.Al. 1431b30
; τεθνάτω ἐὰν γνωσθῇ, ἐὰν δὲ φυγὴ γνωσθῇ, φευγέτω
IG 12.10.29
.
3. pf.
Pass. with act. sense,ὡμολόγηκεν ὑμᾶς ὑπάρχειν ἐγνωσμένουςaredetermined, D. 18.228 (sed leg.ἡμᾶς).
III. know carnally, Men. 558.5 , Heraclid. Pol. 64 , LXX Ge. 4.1 , al., Ev.Matt. 1.25 , Plu. Galb. 9 , etc.
IV. γ. χάριν,
= εἰδέναι χάριν , D.C. 39.9 .
B. causal,make known, celebrate, γνώσομαι τὰν ὀλβίαν Κόρινθον
Pi. O. 13.3
acc. to Sch. ad loc.,v.dub. (Rootγνω-, cf. Skt.jānāmi, jñātas, Lat.gnosco, gnotus, etc.)
