district, country, land,
δῆμος, Dor.
δᾶμος(cf. infr. IV),ὁ,
A. district, country, land,
Βοιωτοὶ μάλα πίονα δ. ἔχοντες
Il. 5.710
; Λυκίης ἐν πίονι δ.
16.437
, cf. Od. 13.322 , etc.; 'ιθάκης ἐνὶ δ.
1.103
; δήμῳ ἔνι Τρώων
13.266
; λαοὶ ἀνὰ δῆμον
16.95
: metaph.,δῆμος ὀνείρων the landof dreams, 24.12 .
2. thepeople, inhabitantsof such a district, πόληί̈ τε παντί τε δήμῳ
Il. 3.50
, cf. h.Cer. 271 ; Βακτρίων ἔρρει πανώλης δ.
A. Pers. 732
.
II. hence (since the common people lived in the country, the chiefs in the city),the commons, common people, δήμου ἀνήρ,opp.βασιλεύς, ἔξοχος ἀνήρ,etc., Il. 2.198 , 188 , cf. 11.328 , Hes. Op. 261 , Hdt. 5.66 , Act.Ap. 12.22 , etc. (rarely of a single person,δῆμον ἐόνταbeinga commoner,
Il. 12.213 ); opp.οἱ εὐδαίμονες,
Hdt. 1.196 ; opp.οἱ παχέες,
Id. 5.30 ; opp.οἱ δυνατοί,
Th. 5.4 ; οἱ . . ἐπαναστάντες τοῖς δυνατοῖς καὶ ὄντες δῆμος
Id. 8.73
;=Lat.plebs,
D.H. 6.88 , etc.; τοῦ πολλοῦ δ. εἷς unus de plebe,
Luc. Sat. 2
; τοῦ δ. ὤν
Id. Gall. 22
; in an army,rank and file,opp. officers, ὁ δ. τῶν στρατιωτῶν
X. Cyr. 6.1.14
.
2. metaph., δ. ἰχθύων
Antiph. 206.7
; τυράννων
Philostr. VS 1.15.1
; πιθήκων
Id. VA 3.4
;ὀρνέων
Alciphr. 3.30 .
III. in a political sense,the sovereign people, the free citizens,
A. Th. 199 , 1011 , etc.; ὁ δ. ὁ Ἀθηναίων
IG 12.10.37
, etc.; προστάτης τοῦ δήμου
Th. 6.35
, etc.; personified, Ar. Eq. 42 , al.; ἱερεὺς τοῦ Δ. καὶ τῶν Χαρίτων
IG 22.1028
.
2. popular government, democracy,opp.ὀλιγαρχίη,
Hdt. 3.82 ; opp.οἱ τύραννοι,
And. 1.106 ; πολίτεομα εἶναι ἐν Χίῳ δ.
SIG 283.4
(iv B. C.); δήμου κατάλυσις
X. HG 2.3.28
, Arist. Ath. 8.4 ; ταῦτα καταλύει δῆμον, οὐ κωμῳδία
Philippid. 25.7
;δ. καταστῆσαι, καταπαύειν,
X. HG 7.3.3 , Th. 1.107 : in pl.,democracies,
Id. 3.82 , D. 20.15 ; δ. ὁ ἔσχατος
Arist. Pol. 1277b3
.
3. the popular assembly,
λέγειν ἐν τῷ δ.
Pl. R. 565b
;ἡ βουλὴ καὶ ὁ δ.,formula in Inscrr., as IG 12.39 , etc.; of theassemblyof Oxyrhynchus, POxy. 41.19
(iii/iv A. D.), 1407.19
(iii A. D.).
IV. township, commune(=
Dor.
κώμηacc. to Arist. Po. 1448a37 ; but διελόμενοι τὴν μὲν πόλιν κατὰ κώμας, τὴν δὲ χώραν κατὰ δήμους
Isoc. 7.46
, cf. Pl. Lg. 746d , andv.infr.), in Attica, Hdt. 5.69 , Arist. Ath. 21.5 , Str. 9.1.16 , IG 12.76.9 , al.; elsewh., ib. 12(5).594 (Ceos), Phib. 1.28.13
(iii A. D.), OGI 49.14 (Ptolemais), etc.:— Dor.
δᾶμος, Michel 418.34 (Calymna), IG 12(1).58.23 (Lindos): in indications of origin, Σωφάνης ἐκ δ. Δεκελεῆθεν
Hdt. 9.73
; δήμου Ἁλαιεύς
Antiph. 211
; τῶν δήμων Πιτθεύς
Pl. Euthphr. 2b
; τῶν δ. Θορίκιος
D. 39.30
, cf. Arist. Ath. 21.4 ; ἐπιγράψαι τοὺς βουλευτὰς πατρόθεν καὶ τοῦ δ.
IG 22.223B4
: metaph., οἱ τῆς θαλάσσης δ.
Philostr. Gym. 44
.
V. name for a prostitute, Archil. 184 .
VI. factionin the circus, Tab.Defix.Aud. 15.8 (Syria,iii A. D.).
VII.
= κατανάγκη , Ps.- Dsc. 4.131 . (Perh. cognate with Skt.dā´ti'reap',δαίομαι, δατέομαι.)
