ἐν , poet. ἐνί , εἰν , εἰνί ( Il. 8.199 , etc.), forms used by Ep. and Lyric Poets as the metre requires, but only as f.l. in Trag., εἰν S. Ant. 1241 ; εἰνί E. Heracl. 893 : Arc. and Cypr. ἰν IG 5(2).
ἐν, poet.ἐνί,εἰν,εἰνί( Il. 8.199 , etc.), forms used by Ep. and Lyric Poets as the metre requires, but only asf.l. inTrag.,
A.
εἰν
S. Ant. 1241
; εἰνί
E. Heracl. 893
: Arc. and Cypr.
ἰν
IG 5(2).3.5 , al., Inscr.Cypr. 135.9 H., al.
0-0. PREP. WITH DAT. AND ACC. Radical sense,in, into.
A. WITH DAT.
I. OF PLACE,
1. in, νήσῳ ἐν ἀμφιρύτῃ
Od. 1.50
; ἐν δώμας' ἐμοῖσιν
Il. 6.221
; ἐνὶ προθύροισιν
11.777
; κοίλῃς' ἐνὶ νηυσί
Od. 2.27
; with names of cities or islands, asἐν Ἀθήνῃς, ἐν Τροίῃ, Il. 2.549 , 162 ; ἡ ἐν Κερκύρᾳ ναυμαχία
Th. 1.57
; ἡ ἐν Σαλαμῖνι μάχη
Isoc. 5.147
(but in Att. the Prep.is sts.omitted, as withἘλευσῖνι, Μαραθῶνι; whereἐνis used, it= in the district of. ., ὲν Ἐλευσῖνι
IG 22.1028.11
,ἐμ Μαραθῶνιib. 1243.21 ):ἐν χερσὶν ἐμῇσι inmy arms, Il. 22.426 ; ἐνὶ θυμῷ
Od. 16.331
, etc.;ἐν αὑτῷ εἶναιto beinone's senses, be oneself,ἔτ' ἐν σαυτῷ(v.l.-τοῦ) γενοῦ
S. Ph. 950
; alsoἐν αὑτοῦ, cf. signf. 2 .
b. ἐν τοῖς ἰχθύσιν inthe fish-market, Antiph. 125 ; ἐν τῷ μύρῳ
Ar. Eq. 1375
; soἐν τοῖν δυοῖν ὀβολοῖν ἐθεώρουν ἄν inthe two-obol seats, D. 18.28 .
2. elliptic, in such phrases as ἐν Ἀλκινόοιο
Od. 7.132
, cf. Leg.Gort. 2.21 , etc.; εἰν Ἀί̈δαο
Il. 22.389
, Att.
ἐν Ἅιδου(v.Ἅιδης): later ἐν τοῖς τινός
PRev.Laws 38.1
(iii B. C.), Ev.Luc. 2.49 ; ἐν ἡμετέρου
Hdt. 1.35
, 7.8 . δ'; ἐμ Πανδίονος
IG 22.1138.8
;ἐν Δημοτιωνιδῶνib. 2.841b21 ;ἐν τῶν πόλεωνib. 12.56.14 : mostly with pr.n., but sts. with Appellatives, as, ἐν ἀφνειοῦ πατρός
Il. 6.47
; ἐν ἀνδρὸς εὐσεβεστάτου
E. IA 926
;ἐν παιδοτρίβου, ἐν κιθαριστοῦ,at the school of. ., Ar. Nu. 973 , Pl. Tht. 206a ;ἐν γειτόνων(v.γείτων)ἐν αὑτοῦ(αὑτῷcod. Rav.) Ar. V. 642 , cf. Men. Sam. 125 ; οὐκέτ' ἐν ἐμαυτοῦ ἦν
Pl. Chrm. 155d
; ἐν ὑμῶν αὐτῶν γένεσθε
Lib. Or. 35.15
.
3. in, within, surrounded by, οὐρανὸς ἐν αἰθέρι καὶ νεφέλῃσι
Il. 15.192
; after Hom. , of clothing, armour, etc., ἐν ἐσθῆτι
Hdt. 2.159
; ἐν πεπλώματι
S. Tr. 613
; ἐν ἔντεσι
Pi. O. 4.24
;ἐν ὅπλοισι inorunderarms, Hdt. 1.13 , etc.; also of particular kinds of arms,ἐν τόξοις, ἀκοντίοις, etc.,equipped withthem, dub.in X. Mem. 3.9.2 ; ἐν μαχαίρῃ
PTeb. 16.14
(ii B. C.); ἐν μεγάλοις φορτίοις βαδίζειν καὶ τρέχειν
X. Cyr. 2.3.14
; ἐν βαθεῖ πώγωνι
Luc. Salt. 5
.
4. on, atorby, ἐν ποταμῷ
Il. 18.521
, Od. 5.466 ; ἐν ὄρεσσιν
19.205
; οὔρεος ἐν κορυφῇς
Il. 2.456
; ἐν θρόνοις
Od. 8.422
;νευρὴ ἐν τόξῳthe stringonthe bow, Il. 15.463 ; ἐν [ξίφει] ἧλοι
11.29
;κατεκλάσθη ἐνὶ καυλῷ ἔγχοςwas broken offatorbythe shaft, 13.608 ; ἐν πέτροισι πέτρον ἐκτρίβων
S. Ph. 296
;ἐν οἴνῳ atwine, prob. in Call. Epigr. 23 , Luc. Dem.Enc. 15 .
5. in the number of, amongst, freq.in Hom. ,ἐν Δαναοῖσι, προμάχοισι, μέσσοισιν, νεκύεσσι, Il. 1.109 , 3.31 , 7.384 , Od. 12.383 , al.; οἴη ἐν ἀθανάτοισιν
Il. 1.398
; and with Verbs of ruling, ἐν δ' ἄρα τοῖσιν ἦρχ'
13.689
; ἀνδράσιν ἐν πολλοῖσι . . ἀνάσσων
Od. 19.110
; φῦλον ἐν ἀνθρώποισι ματαιότατον
Pi. P. 3.21
; ἐν τοῖς οἰκείοισιν ἀνὴρ χρηστός
S. Ant. 661
; ἐν γυναιξὶν ἄλκιμος
E. Or. 754
:—forἐν τοῖςc. Sup. , V.ὁ.
b. in the presence of, ἐν πᾶσι
Od. 2.194
; πτωχὸς ὢν ἐν ἐσθλοῖσιν λέγειν
E. Fr. 703
; λέγοντες ἐν τῷ δήμῳ
Pl. R. 565b
; μακρηγορεῖν ἐν εἰδόσι
Th. 2.36
; ἔλεγον ἐν τοῖς τριάκοντα
Lys. 12.6
; ἐν τοῖς ὄχλοις εἰπεῖν
Isoc. 3.21
;λέγειν ἐν ἀνδράσιν(of a woman) Lys. 32.11 ; of a trial,διαγωνίζεσθαι, διαδικάζεσθαι ἔν τισι, Pl. Grg. 464d , Lg. 916b ; προὐκαλούμην ἐν τοῖς αὐτοῖς δικασταῖς
Antipho 6.23
.
6. in one's hands, within one's reachor power, νίκης πείρατ' ἔχονται ἐν ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσι
Il. 7.102
; δύναμις γὰρ ἐν ὑμῖν
Od. 10.69
(comp. the Homeric phrases θεῶν ἐν γούνασι κεῖται
Il. 17.514
; ἐν γὰρ χερσὶ τέλος πολέμου
16.630
); freq. in Hdt. and Att. ,ἔστιν ἔν τινι, c.inf., it dependsonhim to . ., restswithhim to . ., ἔστιν ἐν σοὶ ἢ . . ἤ . .
Hdt. 6.109
, cf. 3.85 , etc.; ταῦτα δ' ἐν τῷ δαίμονι καὶ τῇδε φῦναι χἁτέρᾳ
S. OC 1443
; ἐν σοὶ γάρ ἐσμεν
Id. OT 314
; ἐν σοὶ δ' ἐσμὲν καὶ ζῆν καὶ μή
E. Alc. 278
; ἐν ταῖς ναυσὶ τῶν Ἑλλήνων τὰ πράγματα ἐγένετο
Th. 1.74
; ἐν τῷ θεῷ τὸ τέλος ἦν, οὐκ ἐμοί
D. 18.193
; alsoἐν τούτῳ εἰσὶν πᾶσαι αἱ ἀποδείξειςdependonthis, Pl. Prt. 354e ;ἐν τούτῳ λύεται ἡ ἀπορία ἢ ἄλλοθι οὐδαμοῦib. 321e ;ἔν γ' ἐμοίso far as restswithme, S. OC 153 (lyr.); ἐν δὲ σοὶ λελείψομαι
E. Hipp. 324
; alsoἐν ἐμοί inmy judgement, S. OC 1214 (lyr.);ἐν θεοῖς καλά in the eyes ofthe gods, Id. Ant. 925 .
7. in respect of, ἐν πάντεσς' ἔργοισι δαήμονα φῶτα
Il. 23.671
;ἐν γήρᾳ σύμμετρός τινι in point ofage . ., S. OT 1112 ;ἐν ἐμοὶ θρασύς inmy case,towardsme, Id. Aj. 1315 ;ἐν θανοῦσιν ὑβριστήςib. 1092 ;ἡ ἐν Τ<>οῖς ὅπλοις μάθησις
Pl. La. 190d ; alsoοὐδὲν δεινὸν μὴ ἐν ἐμοὶ στῇstopwithme, Id. Ap. 28b .
8. in a pregnant construction with Verbs of motion,into; implying bothmotion toand subsequentposition ina place,ἐν κονίῃσι χαμαὶ πέσεν fell[to the dust and lay]init, Il. 4.482 , etc.; βάλον ἐν κονίῃσι
5.588
; νηὶ̈ δ' ἐνὶ πρύμνῃ ἔναρα θῆκ'
10.570
; ἐν χερσὶ τιθέναι
1.441
, etc.; ἐν χερσὶ βαλεῖν
5.574
;ἐν στήθεσσι μένος βαλεῖνib. 513 ; ἐν Τρωσὶν ὄρουσαν
16.258
; ἐν χερσὶ πεσέειν
6.81
; λέων ἐν βουσὶ θορών
5.161
; ἐν δ' οἶνον ἔχευεν ἐν δέπαϊ χρυσέῳ
Od. 20.261
; ἐν τεύχεσσιν ἔδυνον
Il. 23.131
: in Trag. and Att. , ἐν ποίμναις πίτνων
S. Aj. 184
(lyr.), cf. 374 (lyr.); ἐν χωρίῳ ἐμπεπτωκώς
Th. 7.87
; ἡ ἐν τῷ Σπειραίῳ τῶν νεῶν καταφυγή
Id. 8.11
; ἐν τόπῳ καταπεφευγέναι
Pl. Sph. 260c
; ἐν ᾅδου διαπορευθείς
Id. Lg. 905b
; ῥιπτοῦντες σφᾶς ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ
Arr. An. 1.19.4
; later, with Verbs ofcomingandgoing, διαβάντες ἐν τῇ Σάμῳ
Paus. 7.4.3
, cf. LXX To. 5.5 , Arr. Epict. 1.11.32 , etc.:τὸν ἐν Σικελίᾳ πλοῦνisf.l. in
Lys. 19.43 codd.
9. πίνειν ἐν ποτηρίῳto drinkfroma cup, Luc. DDeor. 6.2 ; ἐν ἀργύρῳ πίνειν
Id. Merc.Cond. 26
; ἐν μικροῖς
D.L. 1.104
.
10. ἄργυρος ἐν ἐκπώμασιsilverin the form ofplate, Plu. 2.260a ;ἐμ φέρνῃ, ἐν θέματι,asa dowry, pledge, PPetr. 1p.37 , PTeb. 120.125
(i B. C.).
11. in citations,ἐν τοῦ σκήπτρου τῇ παραδόσει inthe passage of the Il. describing this, Th. 1.9 , cf. Pl. Tht. 147c , Phlb. 33b .
II. OF STATE, CONDITION or POSITION:
1. of outward circumstances, ἐν πολέμῳ
Od. 10.553
; ἐν δαιτί
Il. 4.259
; ἐν καρὸς αἴσῃ
9.378
; ἐν μοίρῃ
Od. 22.54
; οὑμὸς ἐν φάει βίος
E. Ph. 1281
;ἐν γένει εἶναί τινιto be related to . ., S. OT 1016 ; of occupations, pursuits,ἐν φιλοσοφίᾳ εἶναιto be engagedinphilosophy, Pl. Phd. 59a , cf. R. 489b ;οἱ ἐν ποιήσι γενόμενοιpoets, Hdt. 2.82 ;οἱ ἐν τοῖς πράγμασιministers of state, Th. 3.28 ;οἱ ἐν τέλειthe magistrates, Id. 7.73 , etc.; τοὺς ἐν ταῖς μοναρχίαις ὄντας
Isoc. 2.5
; ὁ ἐν ταῖς προσόδοις
PPetr. 1p.62
;ὁ μάντις ἦν ἐν τῇ τέχνῃ in the practice ofit, S. OT 562 .
2. of inward states, of feeling, etc.,ἐν φιλότητι, ἐν δοιῇ, Il. 7.302 , 9.230 ; ἐν φόβῳ γενέσθαι
Pl. R. 578e
; οὐκ ἐν αἰσχύνῃ τὰ σά
E. Ph. 1276
; ἐν σιωπῇ τἀμά
Id. Ion 1397
;ἐν ὀργῇ ἔχειν τινάto make him the object of one's anger, Th. 2.21 ;ἐν ἔριδι εἶναιibid.;ἐν αἰτίᾳ σχεῖν τινάto blame him, Hdt. 5.106 ; ἐν αἰτίᾳ βαλεῖν
S. OT 656
(lyr.);ἐν αἰτίᾳ εἶναιto have the blame, X. Mem. 2.8.9 , etc.; οἱ ἐν ταῖς αἰτίαις
D. Ep. 2.14
.
3. freq. with neut.Adj.,ἐν βραχεῖ,
= βραχέως , S. El. 673 ;ἐν τάχει,
= ταχέως , Id. OT 765 , etc.;ἐν καλῷ ἐστί,
= καλῶς ἔχει , E. Heracl. 971 ;ἐν ἀσφαλεῖ[ἐστί] Id. IT 762 ;ἐν εὐμαρεῖ[ἐστί] Id. Hel. 1227 ; ἐν ἐλαφρῷ ποιήσασθαι
Hdt. 3.154
;ἐν ἴσῳ,
= ἴσως, ἐν ὁμοίῳ , = ὁμοίως , Th. 2.53 : less freq. in pl.,ἐν ἀργοῖς,
= ἀργῶς , S. OT 287 ;ἐν κενοῖς,
= κενῶς , Id. Aj. 971 : with aSubst.,ἐν δίκᾳ,
= δικαίως , opp.παρὰ δίκαν, Pi. O. 2.16 , cf. S. Tr. 1069 , Ar. Eq. 258 , Pl. R. 475c , al.; ἦσαν οὐκέτι ὁμοίως ἐν ἡδονῇ ἄρχοντες
Th. 1.99
, cf. Pl. Epin. 977b .
III. OF THE INSTRUMENT, MEANS or MANNER, ἐν πυρὶ πρήσαντες
Il. 7.429
; δῆσαι ἐνὶ δεσμῷ
5.386
, cf. Od. 12.54 , etc.; but in most cases the orig. sense may be traced, to putinthe fire and burn,infetters and bind, etc.; so ἐν πόνοις δαμέντα
A. Pr. 425
(lyr.);ἔζευξα πρῶτος ἐν ζυγοῖσι κνώδαλαib. 462 ; ἔργον ἐν κύβοις Ἄρης κρινεῖ
Id. Th. 414
; alsoἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσινorἐν ὄμμασιν ὁρᾶσθαι, ἰδέσθαι, to seewithorbeforeone's eyes, i.e. have the objectinone's eye, Il. 3.306 , Od. 10.385 , etc.; ἔν τε τῇ ὄψει διαγιγνώσκειν καὶ ἐν τῇ ἀκοῇ
Pl. Tht. 206a
; also ἐν ὠσὶ νωμῶν ὄρνιθας
A. Th. 25
; alsoἐν λιταῖς byprayers, S. Ph. 60 ;ἐν δόλῳ bydeceit, ib. 102 ;ἐν λόγοις bywords, A. Ch. 613 (lyr.); ἀπέκτειναν ἐν τῇ προφάσει ταύτῃ
Lys. 13.12
, cf. Antipho 5.59 ; ψαύειν ἐν κερτομίοις γλώσσαις
S. Ant. 961
(lyr.); ἐν τοῖς ὁμοίοις νόμοις ποιήσαντες τὰς κρίσεις
Th. 1.77
; esp. with Verbs of showing, σημαίνειν ἐν ἱεροῖς καὶ οἰωνοῖς
X. Cyr. 8.7.3
;τὰ πραχθέντα . . ἐν . . ἐπιστολαῖς ἴστεye knowbyletters, Th. 7.11 ; ἐν τῇδε ῥάβδῳ πάντα ποιήσεις
Ezek. Exag. 132
, cf. PMag.Osl. 1.108 .
2. of a personal instrument, ἐν τῷ ἄρχοντι τῶν δαιμονίων ἐκβάλλει τὰ δαιμόνια
Ev.Matt. 9.34
.
IV. OF TIME, ὥρῃ ἐν εἰαρινῇ
Il. 16.643
; ἐν νυκτί
Hdt. 6.69
, X. Smp. 1.9 ; ἐν χρόνῳ μακρῷ
S. Ph. 235
, OC 88 ;ἐν τούτῳ(sc.τῷ χρόνῶ)inthis space of time, Hdt. 1.126 , etc.;ἐν ᾧ(sc.χρόνῳ)during the timethat, S. Tr. 929 , etc. (also ἐν οἷς
Arist. Mu. 391a2
); ἐν ὅσῳ
Th. 3.28
;ἐν ταῖς σπονδαῖς in the time ofthe truce, X. An. 3.1.1 ; ἐν τῇ ἑορτῇ
Th. 7.73
(but in some phrases theἐνis omitted, asμυστηρίοις in the course ofthe mysteries, Ar. Pl. 1013 ;τραγῳδοῖς at the performance of. ., Aeschin. 3.36 ).
b. ἐν ἄρχοντι Μητροδώρῳ duringthe archonship of M., IG 7.1773 (Thebes,ii A. D.);ἐν ἄρχοντι Σύλλᾳib. 3.113 .
2. in, within, ἐν ἡμέρῃ
Hdt. 1.126
; ἐν ἔτεσι πεντήκοντα
Th. 1.118
; ἐν τρισὶ μησί
X. HG 1.1.37
, etc.;μυρίαις ἐν ἁμέραις in, i.e.after, countless days, E. Ph. 305 (lyr.); ἐν ἡμέραις πολλαῖς νοσῆσαι
Procop. Arc. 9.35
.
V. OF NUMBERS generally,ἐν δυσὶ σταδίοις withintwo stadia, D.S. 20.74 , cf. 19.39 , dub. in Th. 6.1 .
2. with gen. of price, ἐν δύο ταλάντων
LXX 3 Ki. 16.24
.
3. amounting to, προῖκα ἐν δραχμαῖς ἐννακοσίαις
BGU 970.14
(ii A. D.), etc.
B. WITH Acc.,into, on, for, Arc.
ἰν, νόμος ἰν ἄματα πάντα
IG 5
( 2 ). 5 ;γράψαι ἐν χάλκωμαib. 511 ;ἐν πελτοφόρας ἀπεγράψατοib. 7.210 (Aegosthenae), etc.; also poet., ἐν πάντα νόμον
Pi. P. 2.86
.
C. WITHOUT CASE, AS ADVERB, in the phraseἐν δέ . .,
1. and therein, Il. 9.361 ; ἐν μέν . . ἐν δέ
Od. 13.244
.
2. and among them, Il. 2.588 , etc.; in Hdt. , mostlyἐν δὲ δή. . 3.39 , 5.95 ; or ἐν δὲ καί . .
2.43
, 172 , 176 .
3. and besides, moreover(not in Att. Prose), S. Aj. 675 , OT 181 (lyr.), al.; ἐν δ' ὑπέρας τε κάλους τε πόδας τ' ἐνέδησεν ἐν αὐτῇ
Od. 5.260
.
4. ἔνι,
= ἔνεστι, ἔνεισι , Il. 20.248 , etc.
D. POSITION:ἐνfreq. stands between itsSubst.and theAdj.agreeing therewith, Il. 22.61 , B. 5.41 , etc.: without anAdj., τῷ δ' ἐν ἐρινεός ἐστι μέγας
Od. 12.103
: most freq. in Hom. in the formἐνί, which is then written by anastropheἔνι, Il. 7.221 , Od. 5.57 ; in Pi. betweenSubst.and gen., χόρτοις ἐν λέοντος
O. 13.44
, al.--One or more independent words sts. come between the Prep. and its dat., as in Od. 11.115 ; also in Prose, Hdt. 6.69 .
E. IN COMPO S. ,
I. with Verbs, the Prep. mostly retains its sense of beinginorata place, etc., c. dat., or folld. byεἰς . ., orἐν . .: in such forms asἐνορᾶν τινί τι, in translating, we resolve the compd., to remark a thinginone.
b. also,ata person,ἐγγελᾶν, ἐνυβρίζειν τινί.
2. with Adjs., it expresses
a. a modified degree, as inἔμπηλος, ἔμπικρος, ἔνσιμος,rather. . .
b. the possession of a quality, as inἔναιμος withbloodin it,ἐνάκανθοςthorny:ἔμφωνος witha voice:ἔννομος in accordance withlaw, etc.
II. ἐνbecomesἐμ-before the labialsβ μ π φ ψ; ἐγ-before the gutturalsγ κ ξ Χ; ἐλ-beforeλ; ἐρ-beforeρ; rarelyἐσ-beforeς; but Inscrr. and Papyri often preserveἐν-in all these cases.
