vácas
ἔπος, olderϝέπος
SIG 9 (v. infr.), etc.,εος , τό(Skt.
A. vácas'word', 'hymn', cf.εἶπον):
I. word, παύρῳ ἔπειin shortutterance,
Pi. O. 13.98 ; ἐπέων κόσμος
Parm. 8.52
, Democr. 21 ; ἔπους σμικροῦ χάριν
S. OC 443
; λόγοι ἔπεσι κοσμηθέντες
Th. 3.67
: generally,that which is uttered in words, speech, tale,
ἔπος ἐρέειν
Il. 3.83
, etc.; φάσθαι
Xenoph. 7.3
, Parm. 1.23 , etc.; joined withμῦθος,
Od. 4.597 , 11.561 .—Special uses,
1. songorlay accompanied by music,
8.91 , 17.519 .
2. pledged word, promise,
Il. 8.8 ;τελέσαι ἔποςfulfil, keepone's word,
14.44 , cf. A. Pr. 1033 .
3. word in season, counsel,
Il. 1.216 , 2.807 , Od. 18.166 , etc.; freq. in Trag., E. Hel. 513 , etc.
4. word of a deity, oracle,
Od. 12.266 , Hdt. 1.13 , etc.
5. saying, proverb,
τὸ παλαιὸν ἔπος
Id. 7.51
, cf. Ar. Av. 507 .
6. word,opp.deed, ἔπε' ἀκράαντα wordsof none effect, opp.ἔτυμα,
Od. 19.565 , cf. E. HF 111 (lyr.); opp.ἔργον,
Il. 15.234 , Od. 2.272 , etc., cf. 11.1 ; αἴτε ϝέπος αἴτε ϝάργον
SIG 9
(Elis,vi B.C.); opp.βίη,
Il. 15.106 ; opp.χεῖρες,
1.77 (pl.).
7. subject of a speech, message,
11.652 , 17.701 , S. OT 1144 , etc.
II. later usages,
1. joined withἔργονor πρᾶγμα
Heraclit. 1
, A. Pers. 174 (troch.), Ar. Eq. 39 , etc.; ἔργῳ τε καὶ ἔπει
Pl. Lg. 879c
; ἅμα ἔπος τε καὶ ἔργον ἐποίεε
Hdt. 3.134
; χρηστὰ ἔργα καὶ ἔπεα ποιέειν
Id. 1.90
.
2. κατ' ἔπος word by word,
κατ' ἔ. βασανιεῖν φησι τὰς τραγῳδίας
Ar. Ra. 802
.
3. πρὸς ἔποςatthe first word,
Luc. Ep.Sat. 37 .
b. wordin exchange forword, ἀμείβεσθαι, ἀποκρίνεσθαι,of an oracle, Id. Alex. 19 , Philops. 38 ; also ἔ. δ' ἀμείβου πρὸς ἔ.
A. Eu. 586
, cf. Ar. Nu. 1375 , Pl. Sph. 217d .
c. οὐδὲν πρὸς ἔ.to nopurpose,
Ar. Ec. 751 ; also, nothing tothe purpose,
ἐὰν μηδὲν πρὸς ἔ. ἀποκρίνωμαι
Pl. Euthd. 295c
, cf. Luc. Herm. 36 ;τί πρὸς ἔπος; Pl. Phlb. 18d .
4. ὡς ἔπος εἰπεῖν almost, practically,qualifying a too absolute expression, esp. withπᾶςandοὐδείς(not with metaphors), Pl. Ap. 17a , Phd. 78e , Grg. 456a , al., Arist. Metaph. 1009b16 , Pol. 1252b29 , D. 9.47 , etc. ; opp.ὄντωςorἀκριβεῖ λόγῳ,
Pl. Lg. 656e , R. 341b ; later ὡς ἔ. ἐστὶν εἰπεῖν
POxy. 67.14
(iv A.D.); in Trag., ὡς εἰπεῖν ἔ.
A. Pers. 714
(troch.), E. Heracl. 167 , Hipp. 1162 , once in Pl.,Lg. 967b (s.v.l.).
5. ἑνὶ ἔπειin oneword, briefly,
ἑνὶ ἔπεϊ πάντα συλλαβόντα λέγειν
Hdt. 3.82
.
III. of singlewords,esp. with ref. to etymology or usage, Id. 2.30 , Ar. Nu. 638 , Pl. Prt. 339a , etc.;ὀρθότης ἐπῶν,=ὀρθοέπεια(q.v.), Ar. Ra. 1181 ;ἄριστ' ἐπῶν ἔχονib. 1161 .
IV. in pl.,epic poetry,opp.μέλη(lyric poetry),ἰαμβεῖα, διθύραμβοι,etc., ῥαπτῶν ἐπέων ἀοιδοί
Pi. N. 2.2
; τὰ Κύπρια ἔπεα
Hdt. 2.117
, cf. Th. 1.3 , X. Mem. 1.4.3 , Pl. R. 379a , etc. ; ἔπεά τε ποιεῖν πρὸς λύραν τ' ἀείδειν
Theoc. Ep. 21.6
; νικήσας ἔπος
IG 3.1020
;ποητὴς ἐπῶνib. 7.3197.9 (Orchom. Boeot. ), cf. OGI 51.37 (Egypt,iii B.C.).
b. generally,poetry,even lyrics, Alcm. 25 (prob.), Pi. O. 3.8 , etc.
c. lines, verses,esp. of spokenlinesin the drama, Ar. Ra. 862 , 956 , etc. : sg.,verse, lineof poetry, Hdt. 4.29 , Pl. Min. 319d ;group of verses,
Id. R. 386c , Hdt. 7.143 .
d. linesof writing, μυρίων ἐπῶν μῆκος
Isoc. 12.136
;ἐν ὅλοις ἑπτὰ ἔπεσι παραδραμεῖν,of a historian, Luc. Hist.Conscr. 28 .
