ἔσχᾰτος , η , ον , also ος , ον Arat. 625 (prob. fr. ἐκ, ἐξ, perh. eĝhz κατος (cf. ἐχθός ) like ἔγ-κατα ) : of Space, as always in Hom. , farthest, uttermost, extreme, θάλαμος ἔ. the hindmost chamber,
ἔσχᾰτος,η,ον, alsoος,ον
Arat. 625 (prob. fr.ἐκ, ἐξ,perh.eĝhzκατος(cf.ἐχθός)
A.
like ἔγ-κατα ) :
I. of Space, as always in Hom. ,farthest, uttermost, extreme, θάλαμος ἔ.thehindmostchamber, Od. 21.9 ; ἔσχατοι ἄλλων at the end of the lines,
Il. 10.434
, cf. 8.225 ;ἔσχατοι ἀνδρῶν,of the Aethiopians, Od. 1.23 ; οἰκέομεν..ἔσχατοι
6.205
; ἐσχάτη τῶν οἰκεομένων ἡ Ἰνδική
Hdt. 3.106
, cf. Th. 2.96 , etc.; τὸ ἔ. τῆς ἀγορᾶς
X. HG 3.3.5
; ὑπ'..ἐσχάτην στήλην
S. El. 720
;τάξις ἐ.thefarthest part ofthe army, Id. Aj. 4 : pl., ἔσχατα γαίης
Hes. Th. 731
; τὰ ἔ. τῶν στρατοπέδων
Th. 4.96
; ἐπ' ἔσχατα χθονός
S. Fr. 956
; αἱ ἐπ' ἔσχατα τοῦ ἄστεως οἰκίαι
Th. 8.95
;ἐξ ἐσχάτων ἐς ἔσχατα ἀπικέσθαιfromendtoend,
Hdt. 7.100 , cf. X. Vect. 1.6 ; παρ' ἔσχατα λίμνης
Pl. Phd. 113b
, cf. Th. 3.106 :—in various senses,uppermost,
ἐ. πυρά
S. El. 900
;lowest, deepest,
ἀί̈δας
Theoc. 16.52
; ἅλς
AP 13.27
( Phal. ) ;innermost,
σάρκες
S. Tr. 1053
;last, hindmost,
ἤλαυνε δ' ἔ.
Id. El. 734
;ἐπ' ἐσχάτῳat thecloseof a document, PTeb. 68.54
(ii B.C.), etc.
2. of Degree,uttermost, highest,
τὸ ἔ. κορυφοῦται βασιλεῦσι
Pi. O. 1.113
; ἀνορέαι ἔ.
Id. I. 4(3).11
; σοφία
Lib. Or. 59.88
; of misfortunes, sufferings, etc.,utmost, last, worst, πόνος, ἀδικία, κίνδυνοι,
Pl. Phdr. 247b , R. 361a , Grg. 511d ; ὀδύναι αἱ ἔ.
Id. Prt. 354b
;δῆμος ἔ. extremedemocracy, Arist. Pol. 1296a2 .
b. Subst.,τὸ ἔ., τὰ ἔ., the utmost,
ἐς τὸ ἔ. κακοῦ ἀπιγμένοι
Hdt. 8.52
; τετρῦσθαι ἐς τὸ ἔ. κακοῦ
Id. 1.22
; without Art., ἐπ' ἔσχατα βαίνεις
S. OC 217
(lyr.) ; προβᾶς' ἐπ' ἔσχατον θράσους
Id. Ant. 853
(lyr.) ; ἐπ' ἔ. ἐλθεῖν ἀηδίας
Pl. Phdr. 240d
, cf. R. 361d , etc.; ὃ πάντων κακῶν ἔσχατόν ἐστι, τοῦτο πάσχει
Id. Phd. 83c
; οἱ τὰ ἔ. πεποιηκότες
X. Cyr. 8.8.2
;ζημιοῦσθαι πᾶσι τοῖς ἐ.,Lat.extremis suppliciis,
Pl. Plt. 297e ;ἔσχατ' ἐσχάτων κακά worst of possibleevils, S. Ph. 65 , cf. Philem. 178 ; εἰς τὰ ἔ. ἐληλυθώς
UPZ 60.12
(ii B.C.): Comp.
οὔτε γὰρ τοῦ ἐσχάτου -ώτερον εἴη ἄν τι
Arist. Metaph. 1055a20
: Sup.
-ώτατος f.l. in
X. HG 2.3.49 , cf. Phryn. 51 ; τὰ -ώτατα
Phld. Hom. p.320
.
3. of Persons,lowest, meanest,
D.S. 8.18 , D.C. 42.5 , Alciphr. 3.43 : prov.,οὐδείς, οὐδ' ὁ Μυσῶν ἔ.,i.e.the meanestof mankind, Magnes 5 , cf. Philem. 77 ; in
Pl. Tht. 209b it seems to mean theremotestof mankind, cf.πρὸς ἐσχάτην Μυσῶν v.l. in
App.Prov. 2.85 ( παρὰ τοῖς ἐ. τῆς Μυσίας
Apostol. 8.1
); similarly οὐδὲ τὸν ἔσχατον Καρῶν
Plu. 2.871b
.
4. of Time,last, ἐς τὸ ἔ.to theend,
Hdt. 7.107 , Th. 3.46 ;ἔ. πλόος, ναυτιλίαι, the end ofit, Pi. P. 10.28 , N. 3.22 ;ἐσχάτας ὑπὲρ ῥίζαςoverthe lastscion of the race, S. Ant. 599 (lyr.);ἔ. Ἑλλήνων, Ῥωμαίων,
Plu. Phil. 1 , Brut. 44 : neut.ἔσχατον,asAdv.,for the last time,
S. OC 1550 ;finally, best of all,
1 Ep.Cor. 15.8 ;at the latest,
ἔ. ἐν τρισὶ μησίν
SIG 1219.11
(Gambreion,iii B. C.), cf. Inscr.Prien. 4.45
(iv B. C.);εἰς τὴν ἐσχάτηνat thelast,
LXX Ec. 1.11 ;ἐπ' ἐσχάτῳib. 2 Ki. 24.25 , al.:Subst. ἐσχάτη,ἡ, end,
οὐχ ἕξεις ἐ. καλήν
Astramps. Orac. 21.4
, cf. 40.3 .
5. in the Logic of Arist. ,τὰ ἔ.are thelastorlowest species, Metaph.
1059b26 , orindividuals,ib. 998b16 , cf. AP 0.96b12 , al.; τὸ ἔ. ἄτομον
Metaph. 1058b10
.
b. ὁ ἔ. ὅροςtheminorterm of a syllogism, EN 1147b14 .
c. last stepin geom. analysis orultimate conditionof action, τὸ ἔ. ἀρχὴ τῆς πράξεως
de An. 433a16
.
II. Adv. -τως to the uttermost, exceedingly,
πῦρ ἐ. καίει
Hp. de Arte 8
; ἐ. διαμάχεσθαι
Arist. HA 613a11
; ἐ. φιλοπόλεμος
X. An. 2.6.1
; φοβοῦμαί ς' ἐ.
Men. 912
, cf. Epicur. Ep. 1p.31U.
b. -τως διακεῖσθαιto beat the last extremity,
Plb. 1.24.2 , D.S. 18.48 ; ἔχειν
Ev.Marc. 5.23
; ἀπορεῖν
Phld. Oec. p.72J.
2. soἐς τὸ ἔ.,=ἐσχάτως,
Hdt. 7.229 ; εἰς τὰ ἔ.
X. HG 5.4.33
; εἰς τὰ ἔ. μάλα
Id. Lac. 1.2
; τὸ ἔ. finally, in the end,
Pl. Grg. 473c
; but,τὸ ἔ. what is worst of all,ib. 508d .
