A. Relat. Particle, expressing the point of Time up to which an action goes, with reference to the end of the action,until, till; or to its continuance,while:
I. until, till,
1. with Ind., of a fact in past time, θῦνε διὰ προμάχων, ἧος φίλον ὤλεσε θυμόν
Il. 11.342
, cf. Od. 5.123 ; ἕ. ἀπώλεσέν τε καὐτὸς ἐξαπώλετο
S. Fr. 236
, cf. A. Pers. 428 , Pl. Chrm. 155c , etc.; for πρίν, μὴ πρότερον ἀπελθεῖν ἕως ἀποκατέστησε τὰ πράγματα
D.S. 27.4
: withimpf.withἄνin apodosi, of an unaccomplished action,ἡδέως ἂν Καλλικλεῖ διελεγόμην, ἕ. ἀπέδωκαI would have gone on conversingtillI had . . , Pl. Grg. 506b , cf. Cra. 396c .
2. ἕ. ἄνorκεwith Subj. (mostly ofaor.), of an event at an uncertain future time,μαχήσομαι . . ἧός κε τέλος πολέμοιο κιχείω tillI find, Il. 3.291 , cf. 24.183 , A. Pr. 810 , etc.:ἄνis sts. omitted in Trag., ἕ. μάθῃς
S. Aj. 555
; ἕ. κληθῇ
Id. Tr. 148
; ἕ. ἀνῇ τὸ πῆμα
Id. Ph. 764
: so freq. in later Gr., UPZ 18.10
(ii B. C.), PGrenf. 2.38.16
(i B. C.), Ev.Marc. 14.32 , Vett. Val. 68.18 , etc.; ἕ. οὗ γένηται
Gem. 8.32
.
3. ἕ.with Opt. (mostly ofaor.), relating to an event future in relation to past time,ὦρσε . . Βορέην, ἧος ὃ Φαιήκεσσι . . μιγείηcaused it to blow,tillhe should reach . . , Od. 5.386 , cf. 9.376 , Ar. Ra. 766 , Pl. Phd. 59d ; ἕως δέοι βοηθεῖν
Th. 3.102
, cf. Lys. 13.25 :ἄνorκεis added to the Opt. (not toἕως), if the event is represented as conditional,ἕ. κ' ἀπὸ πάντα δοθείη till(if possible) all things should be given back, Od. 2.78 ; οὐκ [ἂν] ἀποκρίναιο, ἕ. ἂν σκέψαιο
Pl. Phd. 101d
, cf. S. Tr. 687 codd., Isoc. 17.15 , IG 22.1328
(ii B.C.).
b. in orat. obliq., ἔδωκεν . . ἕ. ἀνὴρ εἶναι δοκιμασθείην
D. 27.5
.
c. by assimilation to an opt. with ἄν, [λόγον] ἂν διδοίης ἕ. ἔλθοις
(ii A. D.);σπούδασον ἕως οὗ ἀγοράσῃ κτλ. POxy. 113.25
(ii A. D.);χρυσίον ἐδανισάμην ἕως ὅτε δυνηθῶ ἀγοράσαιib. 130.13
(vi A. D.).
5. with Inf. in orat. obliq., ἐντειλάμενος διεκπλέειν ἕ. . . ἀπικνέεσθαι
Hdt. 4.42
: otherwise only in later Gr., ἕ. ἐλθεῖν ἐς . .
LXX Ge. 10.19
, cf. PLond. 1.131r251
(i A. D.), D.H. 9.4 (v.l.), Anon. ap. Suid. s.v. ἰλυσπώμενον .
6. with Advbs. of Time and Place,ἕ. ὅτε till the time when, c. ind., v.l. for ἔστε in X. Cyr. 5.1.25 ;ἕ. οὗ, f.l. for ἐς οὗ , Hdt. 2.143 : freq. in later Gr., Gem.l.c., Ev.Matt. 1.25 , etc.;ἕ. ὅτουib. 5.25 , etc.;ἕ. πότε;how long? ib. 17.17 , Ev.Jo. 10.24 ; ἕ. τότε
LXX Ne. 2.16
;ἕ. ὀψέ tilllate,
f.l.for ἐς ὀψέ , Th. 3.108 ; ἕ. ἄρτι
1 Ep.Jo. 2.9
;ἕ. ὧδε as far asthis place, Ev.Luc. 23.5 .
b. with Preps., of Time, ἕ. πρὸς καλὸν ἑῷον ἀστέρα
AP 5.200
; of Place, ἕ. εἰς τὸν χάρακα
Plb. 1.11.14
; ἕ. πρὸς τὸν Καύκασον
D.S. 2.43
; ἕ. ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν
Act.Ap. 17.14
.
II. as Prep.,
1. of Time, c. gen.,until,ἕως τοῦ ἀποτεῖσαι untilhe has made payment, Lexap. Aeschin. 1.42 , cf. LXX Ge. 3.19 , etc.; ἕ. τελειώσεως
Epicur. Ep. 2p.38U.
; ἕ. ὡρισμένων χρόνων
Phld. D. 1.7
;ἕ. τινός fora time, Parth. 9.2 , etc.; ἕ. τοῦ νῦν
Ev.Matt. 24.21
;ἕ. Ἰωάννουib. 11.13 .
b. of Place, ἕ. τοῦ γενέσθαι . . up to the point where . .
Arist. PA 668b2
, cf. HA 630b27 , Plb. 9.36.1 ;as far as, ἕ. Σάρδεων
Ath.Mitt. 44.25
(Samos,iii B.C.); ἕ. τοῦ Ἀρσινοί̈του νομοῦ
PTeb. 33.5
(ii B.C.); ἕ. Φοινίκης
Act.Ap. 11.19
: so c. gen. pers., ἦλθον ἕ. αὐτοῦ
Ev.Luc. 4.42
, cf. LXX 4 Ki. 4.22 .
c. of Number or Degree,ἕ. τριῶν πλοίωνDocum. ap. D. 18.106 ; διδόναι ἕ. ταλάντων ἑκατόν
;all that time, Od. 3.126 , cf. Hdt. 8.74 . (ἕως, as iambus, only once in Hom. , Od. 2.78 ; as a monosyll., Il. 17.727 , dub.l. in Od. 2.148 ; when the first syllable is to be long codd. Hom. haveεἵωςorἕως(neverεἷοςorἧος, Ludwich WkP 1890.512 , exc.ειος v.l.( PFay. 160 ) in Il. 20.41 ), 3.291 , 11.342 , al.;εἵως(orἕως) is found even when the metre requires a trochee, 1.193 , al.; comparison of Dor.
ἇς(fromἏος) with Att. - Ion.
ἕωςpoints to early Ion.
Ἧος(cf. Skt.yāvat'as great as, as long as, until') and this should prob. be restored in Hom. ; cf.τέως.)
