in truth, of a surety
ἦ,Adv., never in the formἦε(ἠέ):
I. TO CONFIRM an assertion,in truth, of a surety, ἦ ὀλίγον οἷ παῖδα ἐοικότα γείνατο Τυδεύς
Il. 5.800
, etc.; ironically, 1.229 , al.; with concessive force,it is true that . .: hence,although . ., ἦ καὶ γένει ὕστερος ἦεν
3.215
: freq. strengthd. by the addition of one or two other Particles, as ἦ ἄρα
Od. 24.193
; ἦ ἄρα δή
Il. 13.446
; ἦ ῥα
4.82
; ἦ ῥά νυ
6.215
; ἦ γάρ
1.78
; ἦ γάρ τοι
Od. 16.199
; ἦ δή
Il. 2.272
; ἦ δή που
21.583
; ἦ δῆτα
S. OT 429
; ἦ θην
Il. 20.452
; ἦ κάρτα
S. El. 1279
; ἦ μάλα
Il. 3.204
; ἦ μάλα δή
5.422
;ἦ μήνandἦ μέν(v. infr.); ἦ νυ
Il. 22.11
; ἦ τάχα
Od. 18.73
; ἦ τε
13.211
: and to express doubt,ἦ που, v. ἦ που andποῦ: esp.ἦ μήνused in oaths and asseverations, Il. 2.291 , 7.393 , A. Pr. 73 , 168 , etc.; also ἦ μάν
Il. 2.370
, 13.354 , Sapph. Supp. 23.5 ; ἦ μέν
Od. 10.65
(laterεἶ μήν, v. εἷ ): c.inf.in orat. obliq., after Verbs of swearing, etc., σὺ δὲ σύνθεο, καί μοι ὄμοσσον, ἦ μέν μοι πρόφρων ἔπεσιν καὶ χερσὶν ἀρήξειν
Il. 1.77
;ἦ μένalso in Ion. historical Prose, Hdt. 4.154 , 5.93 , al.; ἐγγυᾶσθαι, ἦ μὴν παραμενεῖν
Pl. Phd. 115d
;ἐγγυητὰς καταστῆσαι ἦ μὴν ἐκτείσεινLexap. D. 24.39 : with other Particles, ἦ μὲν δή
Il. 2.798
, Od. 18.257 , al.; ἦ δὴ μάν
Il. 17.538
.
2. in the combinationsἐπεὶ ἦ, ὅτι ἢandτί ἢ; A.D. Conj. 255.5 , Synt. 307.19 (cf. Hdn.Gr. 1.520 ), recognizes an 'expletive'ἠ(παραπληρωματικὸς σύνδεσμος) perispom. afterἐπεί, barytone afterὅτιorτί. It is prob. the same as the affirmativeἦ(cf. A.D. Conj. l.c.), and occurs in the same combinations, ἐπεὶ ἦ πολύ . .
Il. 1.169
, al.;ἐπεὶ ἦ μάλαib. 156 , Od. 10.465 ; ἐπεὶ ἦ καί . .
Il. 20.437
, Od. 16.442 . Trypho tookτίηas one word, and this can be supported by τί ἢ δὲ σύ . .
Il. 6.55
, but A.D. (Conj.l.c.) infers from the accent ofὅτι ἢthatτί ἢwas two words. The Attic accentuation is said by Eust. 45 init., 118.39 , 907.14 to beτιή, ὁτιή(qq. v.).
3. thisἦ(orἢ) is prob. to be recognized in ὥς τε γὰρ ἦ
Il. 2.289
, ὥς τέ τευ ἦ
Od. 3.348
, 19.109 , where codd. haveἢ(in Od. 3.348
ἠδέ(cj. Bekker) shd. perh. be read forἠέ).
II. in Questions not involving alternatives:
1. Directquestions,
a. epexegetic of a preceding question, suggesting the answer to it,τίπτ' εἰλήλουθας; ἦ ἵνα ὕβριν ἴδῃ Ἀγαμέμνονος; why hast thou come?is itthat thou mayst see . . ? Il. 1.203 , cf. 5.466 , 7.26 , Od. 4.710 , 13.418 , 17.376 , B. 17.5 ;τί δῆτα χρῄζεις; ἦ με γῆς ἔξω βαλεῖν; S. OT 622 , cf. E. Or. 1425 (ἤcodd.);τίς σοι διηγεῖτο; ἦ αὐτὸς Σωκράτης; Pl. Smp. 173a (perispom., cod. B): on the accent, Hdn. Gr. 2.112 .
b. not epexegetic of a preceding question,ἦ σύ γ' Ὀδυσσεύς ἐσσι πολύτροπος; art thou the wily Odysseus? Od. 10.330 , cf. Il. 11.666 , 15.504 ;ἦ οὐκ ὀτρύνοντος ἀκούετε . . Ἕκτορος; do you not hear . .? ib. 506 , cf. Od. 16.424 ;ἦ τὸ πλοῖον ἀφῖκται; Pl. Cri. 43c ;ἦ οὐ δοκεῖ καὶ σοὶ οὕτω; don't you think so too? Id. Grg. 479b (perispom., cod. T);ἦ βούλει συλλογισώμεθα αὐτά; shall we work them (the consequences) out? ib. 479c (perispom., cod. T);ἦ τορῶς λέγω; A. Ag. 269 ;ἦ κἀν δόμοισι τυγχάνει τανῦν παρών; S. OT 757 : freq. with other Particles,ἦ ἄρ . .; Od. 20.166 , Il. 19.56 ; mostlyἦ ῥα . .; 5.421 , 762 , Od. 4.632 ; also in Trag. (in lyr.), A. Pers. 633 , S. Aj. 172 , 955 : esp. to mark the first of several questions, Pi. I. 7(6).3 sqq.;ἦ ἄρα δή . .; Il. 13.446 ;ἦ ῥά νυ . .; 4.93 ;ἦ νυ . .; 15.128 ;ἦ ταῦτα δή . .; S. Ph. 565 , El. 385 ;ἦ ταῦτα δῆτα . .; Id. OT 429 ;ἦ γάρ . .; A. Pr. 745 , 757 , S. OT 1000 : in Att. Prose,ἦ γάρ; standing alone,is it not so?
Pl. Tht. 160e , Grg. 449d , 468d ;ἦ καί . .; A. Ag. 1207 , 1362 :—ἦusu. begins the sentence, except that the vocative may precede, as in Il. 5.421 , 762 , Od. 4.632 , S. OC 863 , 1102 , orἀλλά, as in A. Ag. 276 , Ch. 774 :—by Crasisἦcombines withἄραin Att. and theκοινήtoἆρα(q. v.), in all other dialects (cf. A.D. Conj. 223.24 ) toἦρα(q. v.), butἆραis found in Pi. P. 4.78 (ἄραcodd.), al., Archil. 86 , 89 .
2. Indirect questions, οἴχετο πευσόμενος μετὰ σὸν κλέος ἤ που ἔτ' εἴης
Od. 13.415
( v.l. εἰ , which alone has Ms. authority in Il. 1.83 , Od. 19.325 ); ὄφρα καὶ Ἕκτωρ εἴσεται ἢ καὶ ἐμὸν δόρυ μαίνεται ἐν παλάμῃσιν
Il. 8.111
( v.l. εἰ ); ἀλλ' ἄγε μοι τόδε εἰπὲ . . ἢ καὶ Λαέρτῃ αὐτὴν ὁδὸν ἄγγελος ἔλθω; Od. 16.138 ( v.l. εἰ ); ἀμφίστασθαι ἦ κα πεφυτεύκωντι πάντα κὰτ τὰν συνθήκανthey shall investigatewhether . .
Tab.Heracl. 1.125 ; μαντεύσασθαί οἱ. . ἦ λώϊόν οἵ κα εἴη
Isyll. 34
; διαφαφίξασθαι ἦ δοκεῖ αὐτὸν στεφανῶσαι
IG 12(3).170.12
(Astypalaea): accentedἤin codd. Hom. , but it shd. perh. be perispom.
