force, constraint, necessity,
ἀνάγκη, Ion. and Ep.
ἀναγκαίη,ἡ,
A. force, constraint, necessity,
κρατερὴ δ' ἐπικείσετ' ἀ.
Il. 6.458
;ἀναγκαίη γὰρ ἐπείγειib. 85 ; ἀναγκαίῃ πολεμίζειν
4.300
; τίς τοι ἀνάγκη πτώσσειν;
5.633
;οἷσιν ἀ.(sc.φυλάσσειν) 10.418 , al.: but in Hom. usu. in dat. asAdv.,ἀνάγκῃ perforce, of necessity,
ἀείδειν
Od. 1.154
; φεύγειν
Il. 11.150
: in act. sense,forcibly, by force, ἴσχειν, ἄγειν,
Od. 4.557 , 22.353 ; μνήσασθαι
7.217
: strengthd. byκαί,
10.434 ; ὑπ' ἀνάγκης
19.156
; opp.ἑκόντες,
Pl. Phdr. 231a ; ὑπ' ἀναγκαίης
Hdt. 7.172
, al.; ἐξ ἀνάγκης
S. Ph. 73
, Th. 3.40 , etc.; δι' ἀνάγκης
Pl. Ti. 47e
; σὺν ἀνάγκᾳ
Pi. P. 1.51
; πρὸς ἀνάγκαν
A. Pers. 569
codd. (lyr.), cf. Epict. Ench. 29.2 ; κατ' ἀνάγκην
X. Cyr. 4.3.7
:ἀνάγκη ἐστί,c.inf.,it must be that . . , is necessary that. . , cf. Il. supr. cit.; πᾶσα ἀ. ἐστὶ ὗσαι
Hdt. 2.22
;τρέφειν τοὺς τοκέας τοῖσι μὲν παισὶν οὐδεμία ἀ., τῇσι δὲ θυγατράσι πᾶσα ἀ.ib. 35 : c. dat. pers., ἀ. μοι σχεθεῖν
A. Pr. 16
, cf. Pers. 293 :—in Trag. freq. in answers and arguments,πολλή γ' ἀνάγκη, πολλή' στ' ἀνάγκη,orπολλή μ' ἀνάγκη,with which aninf.may always be supplied, E. Med. 1013 , Hec. 396 , S. Tr. 295 ; so πᾶς' ἀνάγκη
El. 1497
, cf. Pl. R. 441d ;ἀνάγκη μεγάλη [ἐστί] ib. 485e , Is. 3.6 , D. 28.9 ; ἐν ἀνάγκῃ ἐστί
Lys. 6.8
: laterἀνάγκην ἔχω,c.inf., Ev.Luc. 14.18 .
2. necessityin the philosophical sense, Arist. APo. 94b37 , Metaph. 1026b28 , Ph. 199b34 ;logical necessity, Metaph.
1064b33 : in pl.,laws of nature,
τίσιν ἀνάγκαις ἕκαστα γίγνεται τῶν οὐρανίων
X. Mem. 1.1.11
, cf. Hp.
Aër.
21 .
b. natural need,
γαστρὸς ἀνάγκαις
A. Ag. 726
, cf. Ar. Nu. 1075 , X. Cyn. 7.1 ; ὑπ' ἀ. τῆς ἐμφύτου
Pl. R. 458d
;ἐρωτικαῖς ἀ.ib., etc.
c. ἡ ἀ. τοῦ τόπουthelieof the ground as anecessary condition,
PLille 4.14 .
d. ἀνάγκη δαιμόνων, αἱ ἐκ θεῶν ἀνάγκαι, fate, destiny,
E. Ph. 1000 , 1763 : freq. personified in Poets, Parm. 8.30 , Emp. 116 , A. Pr. 105 , S. Fr. 256 ; Ἀνάγκᾳ δ' οὐδὲ θεοὶ μάχονται
Simon. 5.21
.
3. compulsionexerted by a superior,ἀ. προστιθέναι, ἐπιτιθέναι,
X. Hier. 9.4 , Lac. 10.7 .
b. violence, punishment,esp. of torture, mostly pl., ἐς ἀνάγκας ἄγεσθαι
Hdt. 1.116
, cf. Antipho 6.25 , Herod. 5.5 ; προσάγειν τινὶ τὰς ἀνάγκας
Th. 1.99
;τὰ πρὸς ἀνάγκας ὄργαναinstruments oftorture,
Plb. 15.28.2 : later in sg., ἡ ἀ. τῶν βασάνων
Plu. 2.305e
; πρὸς ἀνάγκην under torture,
Id. Publ. 17
: metaph., Hp. de Arte 13 ;δολοποιὸς ἀ.,i. e. the stratagem of Nessus, S. Tr. 832 ; βρόχων πλεκταῖς ἀνάγκαις
Xenarch. 1.9
.
c. duress, 'force majeure',
ὅρκους οὓς ποιέονται ἐν ἀνάγκῃ ὄντες
Democr. 239
;stressof circumstances, ἀκούσιοι ἀ.
Th. 3.82
.
d. treatment by mechanical force,
τῶν ἀναγκῶν τινὰ προσφέρειν
Hp. Fract. 15
, cf. Art. 73 .
4. bodily pain, anguish,
κατ' ἀνάγκην ἕρπειν painfully,
S. Ph. 206
(lyr.);ὑπ' ἀνάγκης βοᾶνib. 215 ; ὠδίνων ἀνάγκαι
E. Ba. 89
(lyr.): generally,distress,
ἐν ἀνάγκαις γλυκὺ γίνεται καὶ τὸ σκληρόν
Simon. 226
; freq. in LXX,Jb. 15.24 , al.; ἡ ἐνεστῶσα ἀ.
1 Ep.Cor. 7.26
: esp. in pl., IG 12 ( 7 ). 386.23 (Amorgos,iii B. C.), D.S. 4.43 , 2 Ep.Cor. 6.4 , etc.
II. tie of blood, kindred,
Lys. 32.5 .
III.
= ἡ δικαστικὴ κλεψύδρα , Hsch.
