λόγος,ὁ, verbal noun ofλέγω(B), with senses corresponding toλέγω(B) II and III (on the various senses of the wordv.
Theo Sm. pp.72,73 H., An.Ox. 4.327 ): common in all periods in Prose and Verse, exc. Epic, in which it is found in signf. derived fromλέγω(B) 111 , cf.infr. VI. 1 a:
;συνᾶραι λόγον μετά τινοςsettleaccountswith, Ev.Matt. 18.23 , etc.;δεύτεροι λ.a secondaudit,
Cod.Just. 1.4.26.1 ;ὁ τραπεζιτικὸς λ.bankingaccount, Theo Sm. p.73 H.: metaph., οὐκ ἂν πριαίμην οὐδενὸς λ. βροτόν
S. Aj. 477
.
b. public accounts, i. e. branch oftreasury,ἴδιος λ., in Egypt, OGI 188.2 , 189.3 , 669.38 ; also as title oftreasurer, ib. 408.4 , Str. 17.1.12 ; ὁ ἐπὶ τῶν λ.
IPE 2.29
A(Panticapaeum);δημόσιος λ.,=Lat.fiscus, OGI 669.21 (Egypt,i A.D.), etc. (but later,= aerarium,
Cod.Just. 1.5.15 ); also Καίσαρος λ.
OGI 669.30
;κυριακὸς λ.ib. 18 .
2. generally,account, reckoning,μὴ φῦναι τὸν ἅπαντα νικᾷ λ.excels the wholeaccount, i.e. is best ofall, S. OC 1225 (lyr.);δόντας λ. τῶν ἐποίησαν accountingfor, i.e. paying the penalty for their doings, Hdt. 8.100 ; λ. αἰτεῖν
Pl. Plt. 285e
; λ. δοῦναι καὶ δέξασθαι
Id. Prt. 336c
, al.; λαμβάνειν λ. καὶ ἐλέγχειν
Id. Men. 75d
; παρασχεῖν τῶν εἰρημένων λ.
Id. R. 344d
; λ. ἀπαιτεῖν
D. 30.15
, cf. Arist. EN 1104a3 ;λ. ὑπέχειν, δοῦναι, D. 19.95 ; λ. ἐγγράψαι
4. esteem, consideration, valueput on a person or thing (cf. infr. VI. 2 d),οὗ πλείων λ. ἢ τῶν ἄλλωνwho is of moreworththan all the rest, Heraclit. 39 ;βροτῶν λ. οὐκ ἔσχεν οὐδέν' A. Pr. 233 ; οὐ σμικροῦ λ.
S. OC 1163
: freq. in Hdt. , Μαρδονίου λ. οὐδεὶς γίνεται
8.102
; τῶν ἦν ἐλάχιστος ἀπολλυμένων λ.
4.135
, cf. E. Fr. 94 ; περὶ ἐμοῦ οὐδεὶς λ.
Ar. Ra. 87
;λόγου οὐδενὸς γίνεσθαι πρός τινοςto be of noaccount, reputewith.., Hdt. 1.120 , cf. 4.138 ;λόγου ποιήσασθαί τιναmake one ofaccount, Id. 1.33 ;ἐλαχίστου, πλείστου λ. εἶναι, to be highly, lowlyesteemed, Id. 1.143 , 3.146 ; but alsoλόγον τινὸς ποιεῖσθαι,likeLat.rationem habere alicujus, makeaccountof, set avalueon, Democr. 187 , etc.: usu. in neg. statements, οὐδένα λ. ποιήσασθαί τινος
Hdt. 1.4
, cf. 13 , Plb. 21.14.9 , etc.; λ. ἔχειν
Hdt. 1.62
, 115 ; λ. ἴσχειν περί τινος
Pl. Ti. 87c
; λ. ἔχειν περὶ τοὺς ποιητάς
Lycurg. 107
; λ. ἔχειν τινός
D. 18.199
, Arist. EN 1102b32 , Plu. Phil. 18 (but also, have thereputationof . . ,v.infr. VI. 2 e); ἐν οὐδενὶ λ. ποιήσασθαί τι
Sect.Can. Proëm.: in Metre,ratiobetween arsis and thesis, by which the rhythm is defined, Aristox. Harm. p.34 M.; ἐὰν ᾖ ἰσχυροτέρα τοῦ αἰσθητηρίου ἡ κίνησις, λύεται ὁ λ.
Arist. de An. 424a31
;ἀνὰ λόγον analogically, Archyt. 2 ;ἀνὰ λ. μερισθεῖσα [ἡ ψυχή] proportionally, Pl. Ti. 37a ; so κατὰ λ.
;κατὰ τίνα λ.; on whatground? Pl. R. 366b ;οὐδὲ πρὸς ἕνα λ.to nopurpose, Id. Prt. 343d ;ἐπὶ τίνι λ.; for whatreason? X. HG 2.2.19 ;τὸν λ. τοῦτονthisgroundof complaint, Aeschin. 3.228 ;τίνι δικαίῳ λ.; what justcauseis there? Pl. Grg. 512c ;τίνι λ.; on whataccount?
Act.Ap. 10.29 ;κατὰ λόγον ἂν ἠνεσχόμην ὑμῶν reasonwould that . . , ib. 18.14 ;λ. ἔχειν, with personal subject,εἶχον ἄν τινα λ.I (i.e. my conduct) would have admitted of anexplanation, Pl. Ap. 31b ;τὸν ὀρθὸν λ.the trueexplanation, ib. 34b .
b. plea, case, in Law or argument (cf. VIII. I),τὸν ἥττω λ. κρείττω ποιεῖνto make the weakercaseprevail, ib. 18b , al., Arist. Rh. 1402a24 , cf. Ar. Nu. 1042 (pl.); personified, ib. 886 , al.; ἀμύνεις τῷ τῆς ἡδονῆς λ.
Pl. Phlb. 38a
; ἀνοίσεις τοὺς λ. αὐτῶν πρὸς τὸν θεόν
LXX Ex. 18.19
;ἐχειν λ. πρός τιναto have acase, ground of actionagainst . . , Act.Ap. 19.38 .
2. statement of a theory, argument,οὐκ ἐμεῦ ἀλλὰ τοῦ λ. ἀκούσανταςprob. in Heraclit. 50 ;λόγον ἠδὲ νόημα ἀμφὶς ἀληθείης discourseand reflection on reality, Parm. 8.50 ;δηλοῖ οὗτος ὁ λ. ὅτι. . Democr. 7 ;οὐκ ἔχει λόγονit is notarguable, i.e.reasonable, S. El. 466 , Pl. Phd. 62d , etc.; ἔχει λ.
b. ὁ περὶ θεῶν λ., title of adiscourseby Protagoras, D.L. 9.54 ;ὁ Ἀχιλλεὺς λ., name of anargument, ib. 23 ; ὁ αὐξόμενος λ.
Plu. 2.559b
;καταβάλλοντες(sc.λόγοι), title of work by Protagoras, S.E. M. 7.60 ; λ. σοφιστικοί
Arist. SE 165a34
, al.; οἱ μαθηματικοὶ λ.
Id. Rh. 1417a19
, etc.;οἱ ἐξωτερικοὶ λ., current outside the Lyceum, Id. Ph. 217b31 , al.;Δισσοὶ λ., title of a philosophical treatise (=Dialex.);Λ. καὶ Λογίνα, name of play of Epicharmus,quibble, argument, personified, Ath. 8.338d .
c. in Logic,proposition, whether as premiss or conclusion, πρότασίς ἐστι λ. καταφατικὸς ἢ ἀποφατικός τινος κατά τινος
Arist. APr. 24a16
.
d. rule, principle, law, as embodying the result ofλογισμός, Pi. O. 2.22 , P. 1.35 , N. 4.31 ; πείθεσθαι τῷ λ. ὃς ἄν μοι λογιζομένῳ βέλτιστος φαίνηται
Pl. Cri. 46b
, cf. c;ἡδονὰς τοῖς ὀρθοῖς λ. ἑπομέναςobeying rightprinciples, Id. Lg. 696c ;προαιρέσεως [ἀρχὴ] ὄρεξις καὶ λ. ὁ ἕνεκά τινος principledirected to an end, Arist. EN 1139a32 ; of the final cause, ἀρχὴ ὁ λ. ἔν τε τοῖς κατὰ τέχνην καὶ ἐν τοῖς φύσει συνεστηκόσιν
, cf. 4.4.39 : so without σπερματικός, ὥσπερ τινὲς λ. τῶν μερῶν
Cleanth.Stoic. 1.111
; οἱ λ. τῶν ὅλων
Ph. 1.9
.
c. in Neo-Platonic Philos., of regulative and formativeforces, derived from the intelligible and operative in the sensible universe, ὄντων μειζόνων λ. καὶ θεωρούντων αὑτοὺς ἐγὼ γεγέννημαι
, 1138b9 , al.: in sg. and pl., contrasted by Pl. and Arist. astheory, abstract reasoningwith outward experience, sts. with depreciatory emphasis on the former, εἰς τοὺς λ. καταφυγόντα
, cf. 106 , 2.99 ; so in sg.,a historical work, Id. 2.123 , 6.19 , 7.152 : also in sg., onesectionof such a work (like laterβίβλος), Id. 2.38 , 6.39 , cf. VI. 3d ; so in pl., ἐν τοῖσι Λιβυκοῖσι λ.
; τρία γένη τῶν λ. τῶν ῥητορικῶν, συμβουλευτικόν, δικανικόν, ἐπιδεικτικόν
Id. Rh. 1358b7
; τῷ γράψαντι τὸν λ.
Thphr. Char. 17.8
, cf. λογογράφος
11
;ἐπιτάφιος λ.funeraloration, Pl. Mx. 236b ; esp. of thebody of a speech, opp.ἐπίλογος, Arist. Rh. 1420b3 ; opp.προοίμιον, ib. 1415a12 ;body of a law, opp. proem, Pl. Lg. 723b ;spoken, opp. writtenword, τὸν τοῦ εἰδότος λ. ζῶντα καὶ ἔμψυχον οὗ ὁ γεγραμμένος εἴδωλόν τι
Id. Phdr. 276a
;ὁ ἐκ τοῦ βιβλίου ῥηθεὶς [λ.]speechread from a roll, ib. 243c ; publishedspeech, D.C. 40.54 ; rarely of thespeechesin Tragedy (ῥήσεις), Arist. Po. 1450b6 , 9 .
VI. verbal expressionorutterance(cf.λέγω(B) 111 ), rarely a singleword,v.infr. b, never in Gramm. signf. of vocable (ἔπος, λέξις, ὄνομα, ῥῆμα), usu. of aphrase, cf. I X. 3 (the only sense found in Ep. ).
;ὄψον δὲ λ. φθονεροῖσιν tales, Id. N. 8.21 ;σμικροὶ λ.briefwords, S. Aj. 1268 (s.v.l.), El. 415 ;δόκησις ἀγνὼς λόγωνbred oftalk, Id. OT 681 (lyr.): also in sg.,λέγ' εἴ σοι τῷ λ. τις ἡδονήspeak if thou delightest intalking, Id. El. 891 .
b. sg.,expression, phrase, πρὶν εἰπεῖν ἐσθλὸν ἢ κακὸν λ.
, cf. D. 30.34 ; opp.πρᾶγμα, Arist. Top. 146a4 ; opp.βία, Id. EN 1179b29 , cf. 1180a5 ; opp.ὄντα, Pl. Phd. 100a ; opp.γνῶσις, 2 Ep.Cor. 11.6 ;λόγῳinpretence, Hdt. 1.205 , Pl. R. 361b , 376d , Ti. 27a , al.;λόγου ἕνεκαmerely as a matter ofwords, ἄλλως ἕνεκα λ. ἐλέγετο
Id. Cri. 46d
;λόγου χάριν, opp.ὡς ἀληθῶς, Arist. Pol. 1280b8 ; but also,let us say, for instance, Id. EN 1144a33 , Plb. 10.46.4 , Phld. Sign. 29 , M.Ant. 4.32 ;λόγου ἕνεκα let us suppose, Pl. Tht. 191c ;ἕως λόγου, μέχρι λ.,=Lat.verbo tenus, Plb. 10.24.7 , Epict. Ench. 16 : sts. without depreciatory force, the antithesis or parallelism being verbal (cf. 'word and deed'), λόγῳ τε καὶ σθένει
d. thetalkone occasions,repute, mostly in good sense,good report, praise, honour(cf. supr. 1.4 ), πολλὰ φέρειν εἴωθε λ. . . πταίσματα
Thgn. 1221
; λ. ἐσλὸν ἀκοῦσαι
Pi. I. 5(4).13
; πλέονα . . λ. Ὀδυσσέος ἢ πάθαν
Id. N. 7.21
; ἵνα λ. σε ἔχῃ πρὸς ἀνθρώπων ἀγαθός
Hdt. 7.5
, cf. 9.78 ;Τροίαν . . ἧς ἁπανταχοῦ λ.whosefame, storyfills the world, E. IT 517 ; οὐκ ἂν ἦν λ. σέθεν
Id. Med. 541
: less freq. in bad sense,evil report,λ. κακόθρους, κακός, S. Aj. 138 (anap.), E. Heracl. 165 : pl.,λόγους ψιθύρους πλάσσων slanders, S. Aj. 148 (anap.).
e. λ. ἐστί, ἔχει, κατέχει, thestorygoes, c. acc. etinf., ἔστ τις λ. τὰν Ἀρετὰν ναίειν
Simon. 58.1
, cf. S. El. 417 ;λ. μὲν ἔστ' ἀρχαῖος ὡς. . Id. Tr. 1 ;λ.alone, E. Heracl. 35 ; ὡς λ.
A. Supp. 230
, Pl. Phlb. 65c , etc.; λ. ἐστί
Hdt. 7.129
, 9.26 , al.; λ. αἰὲν ἔχει
S. OC 1573
(lyr.);ὅσον ὁ λ. κατέχει traditionprevails, Th. 1.10 : also with a personal subject in the reverse construction.Κλεισθένης λ. ἔχει τὴν Πυθίην ἀναπεῖσαιhas thecreditof . . , Hdt. 5.66 , cf. Pl. Epin. 987b , 988b ; λ. ἔχοντα σοφίας
, D.T. 634.1 ;ῥηθῆναι λόγῳto be expressed in asentence, Pl. Tht. 202b ;λ. ἔχεινto be capable of being so expressed, ib. 201e , cf. Arist. Rh. 1404b26 .
c. language,τὰ τοῦ λ. μέρηparts ofspeech, Chrysipp.Stoic. 2.31 , S.E. M. 9.350 , etc.; τὰ μόρια τοῦ λ.
D.H. Comp. 6
; μέρος λ.
D.T. 633.26
, A.D. Pron. 4.6 , al. (butἓν μέρος <τοῦcod.>λόγουoneword, Id. Synt. 340.10 , cf. 334.22 );περὶ τῶν στοιχείων τοῦ λ., title of work by Chrysippus.
X. theWordorWisdomof God, personified as his agent in creation and world-government, ὁ παντοδύναμός σου λ.
