ὄτα(qq. v.), Relat.Adv., formed from the Relat. stemὁ-andτε(v.τεB), answering to demonstr.τότεand interrog.πότε; prop. of Time, but sts. passing into a causal sense (cf.ὁπότε).
A. of Time,when, at the time when,
I. Constr.:
1. with ind. to denote single events or actions in past time, withimpf.oraor.,when, Il. 1.397 , 432 , etc.: rarely withplpf., 5.392 : the Verb is sts. to be repeated from the apodosis,Καλλίξενος δὲ κατελθών, ὅ. καὶ οἱ ἐκ Πειραιῶς(sc.κατῆλθον) X. HG 1.7.35 : freq. in ellipt. phrases,πῇ ἔβαν εὐχωλαί, ὅ. δὴ φάμεν εἶναι ἄριστοι; whither are gone the boasts, [which we made] whenwe said . . ? Il. 8.229 : so after Verbs of perception and thelike,ἦ οὐ μέμνῃ, ὅ. τ' ἐκρέμω. . ; rememberest thou not [the time] when. . ? 15.18 , cf. 21.396 , Od. 24.115 , Ar. V. 354 , Th. 2.21 , etc.;ἄκουσα εὐχομένης ὅτ' ἔφησθα. . Il. 1.397 , cf. Pl. Lg. 782c ; οὐδ' ἔλαθ' Αἴαντα Ζεύς, ὅ. δὴ Τρώεσσι δίδου . . νίκην
Il. 17.627
.
b. withpres., of a thing always happening or now going on, 2.471 ; νῦν, ὅ . . . σοι ὀξέως ὑπακούω
c. rarely withfut., of a definite future, Od. 18.272 .
2. with opt., to denote repeated events or actions in past time,ἔνθα πάρος κοιμᾶθ', ὅ. μιν γλυκὺς ὕπνος ἱκάνοι whenever, as often as, Il. 1.610 , cf. Od. 8.87 , etc.; ὅ. δή
Il. 3.216
.
b. sts. of future events which are represented as uncertain, in clauses dependent on a Verb in the opt. orsubj., οὐκ ἄν τοι χραίσμῃ κίθαρις . . , ὅτ' ἐν κονίῃσι μιγείης
3.55
, cf. 18.465 , 21.429 , A. Eu. 726 .
c. ὅ. μή, in early authors always with opt., forεἰ μή,unless, except, save when, Il. 13.319 , Od. 16.197 , Arist. Pol. 1277a24 : used by A.R. withsubj., 1.245 , 4.409 .
3. withsubj., only in Ep. and Lyr., Il. 4.259 , 19.337 , 21.323 , etc., prob. in A. Ag. 766 (lyr.).
II. Special usages:
1. in Hom. to introduce a simile,ὡς δ' ὅτε as when, mostly withsubj., Il. 2.147 , 4.130 , 141 , 6.506 , al.: sts. with ind., 16.364 , 21.12 : the Verb must freq. be supplied from the context, as in 2.394 , 4.462 .
2. in the Ep. phraseπρίν γ' ὅτε δή . . , ἤis omitted beforeὅτε, 9.488 , 12.437 , cf. Od. 13.322 .
III. ὅτεwith other Particles,
1. ὅτ' ἄν, ὅτε κεν, v. ὅταν .
2. ὅτε δήandὅτε δή ῥα, stronger thanὅτε, freq. in Hom. and Hes. , ὅτε δή
: forτότεwe sts. haveἔπειτα, 3.221 ;αὐτίκα δ', 4.210 ;δὲ. . , 5.438 ; alsoνῦν . . , ὅ. . . S. Aj. 710 (lyr.), etc.;μεθύστερον, ὅ. . . Id. Tr. 711 ;ἤματι τῷ, ὅ. . . Il. 2.743 , etc.; so in Att. ,ἦν ποτε χρόνος, ὅ. . . Pl. Prt. 320c , cf. Phd. 75a , Hdt. 1.160 .
2. elliptical in the phraseἔστιν ὅ. orἔσθ' ὅ.,there are times when, sometimes, now and then,ἔστι ὅ. Id. 2.120 ;ἔστιν ὅ. Pl. Phd. 62a ;ἔσθ' ὅ. S. Aj. 56 (v. infr. c).
B. ὅτεsts. has a causal sense,when, seeing that, mostly withpres.ind., Il. 16.433 ( v.l. ὅ τε ) ὅ. δή
20.29
; and in Trag. and Att. Prose, as S. Aj. 1095 , OT 918 , Pl. Smp. 206b , R. 581e , Prt. 356c , Sph. 254b , etc.; so ὅ. γε
