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ἀγᾰθός [ᾰγ], ή, όν,
Laconian dialect ἀγασός [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Lysistrata” 1301, 5th c.AD: Cypria ἀζαθός “GDI” 57] Refs 5th c.BC+]:— good:
__I of persons,
__I.1 well-born, gentle, opposed to κακός, δειλός, οἷά τε τοῖς ἀγαθοῖσι παραδρώωσι χέρηες[[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.324, compare 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.275; ἀφνειός τ᾽ ἀ. τε 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.664, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.276; πατρὸς δ᾽ εἴμ᾽ ἀγαθοῖο, θεὰ δέ με γείνατο μήτηρ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.109, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.611; κακὸς ἐξ ἀ. 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 190, compare 57f; πραῢς ἀστοῖς, οὐ φθονέων ἀγαθοῖς 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 3.71, compare 2.96, 4.285; τίς ἂν εὔπατρις ὧδε βλάστο; οὐδεὶς τῶν ἀ. κτλ. 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 1082; οἵ τ᾽ ἀ. πρὸς τῶν ἀγενῶν κατανικῶνται [prev. author] “fragment” 84] Refs 8th c.BC+]; τοὺς εὐγενεῖς γὰρ κἀγαθοὺς.. φιλεῖ Ἄρης ἐναίρειν[[ [prev. work] 649, compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 600, +others: ἀγαθοὶ καὶ ἐξ ἀγαθῶν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 274a] Refs 5th c.BC+]:—in political sense, aristocrats, especially in the phrase καλοὶ κἀγαθοί (see. entry καλοκἀγαθός).
__I.2 brave, valiant, since courage was attributed to Chiefs and Nobles, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.131, +others; τῷ κ᾽ ἀγαθὸς μὲν ἔπεφν᾽, ἀγαθὸν δέ κεν ἐξενάριξεν 21.280; compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.109, etc. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__I.3 good, capable, in reference to ability, ἀ. βασιλεύς[[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.179; ἰητήρ 2.732; θεράπων 16.165, 17.388; πύκτης 6th c.BC: Xenophanes Poeta Philosophus 2.15; ἰητρός 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “προγνωστικόν” 1; προβατογνώμων 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 795; ἄρχοντες 3rd c.AD: Democritus Epigrammaticus 266] Refs 8th c.BC+]: frequently with qualifying words, ἀ. ἐν ὑσμίνῃ[[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.314; βοὴν ἀ. 2.408, 563, +others; πύξ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.300; βίην 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.478; γνώμην 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 687; πᾶσαν ἀρετήν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 899b, cf. Alcaeus1.124e; τέχνην [prev. author] “Prt.” 323b] Refs 8th c.BC+]; τὰ πολέμια, τὰ πολιτικά, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.122, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 516b, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]: more rarely with dative, ἀ. πολέμῳ[[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 4.15: with Preps., ἄνδρες ἀ. περὶ τὸ πλῆθος 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 13.2; εἴς τι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus Alcaeus1.125a; πρός τι [prev. author] “R.” 407e] Refs 5th c.BC+]: with infinitive, ἀ. μάχεσθαι[[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.136; ἱππεύεσθαι 1.79] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀ. ἱστάναι good at weighing, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 356b. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__I.4 good, in moral sense, first in [[ 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 438, compare 1st c.AD(?): Heraclitus 104, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 1082, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.7.1, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 41d, etc.; ψυχῆς ἀγαθῆς πατρὶς ὁ ξύμπας κόσμος 3rd c.AD: Democritus Epigrammaticus 247] Refs 6th c.BC+]: frequently with other adjectives, ὁ πιστὸς κἀ.[[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 541; δικαίων κἀ. [prev. work] 1050] Refs 5th c.BC+]:—ironical, τὸν ἀ. Κρέοντα[[ [prev. author] “Ant.” 31. ] Refs]
__I.5 ὦ ἀγαθέ, my good friend, as a term of gentle remonstrance, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 311a, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__I.6 ἀ. δαίμων, see entry δαίμω; ἀ. τύχη, see entry τύχ; ἀ. θεός = Latin bona dea, [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Caesar” 9, “Cic.” 19. ] Refs 1st c.AD+]
__II.1 good, serviceable, Ἰθάκη.. ἀ. κουροτρόφος[[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.27, etc.; ἀ. τοῖς τοκεῦσι, τῇ πόλει 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Cynegeticus” 13.17: with _genitive_, εἴ τι οἶδα πυρετοῦ ἀ.] Refs 8th c.BC+] good for it, [[ [prev. author] “Mem.” 3.8.3; ἑλκῶν 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Historia Plantarum” 9.11.1. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__II.2 of outward circumstances, αἰδὼς οὐκ ἀ. κεχρημένῳ ἀνδρὶ παρεῖναι[[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.347] Refs 8th c.BC+]; εἰπεῖν εἰς ἀγαθόν to good purpose, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.102] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὁ δὲ πείσεται εἰς ἀ. περ for his own good end, [[ 11.789; οὐκ ἀγαθὸν πολυκοιρανίη 2.204:] Refs] —ἀγαθόν [ἐστι], with infinitive, it is good to do so and so, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.282, 24.130, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.196, etc. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__II.3 morally good, πρῆξις[[ 3rd c.AD: Democritus Epigrammaticus 177; ἔργα 5th c.BC: Empedocles Poeta Philosophus 112.2, cf. NT.Rom.2.7, etc. ] NT+5th c.BC+]
__II.4 ἀγαθόν, τό, good, blessing, benefit, of persons or things, ὦ μέγα ἀ. σὺ τοῖς φίλοις[[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 5.3.20; φίλον, ὃ μέγιστον ἀ. εἶναί φασι [prev. author] “Mem.” 2.4.2, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 74, etc;] Refs 5th c.BC+] as term of endearment for a baby, blessing!, treasure!, [[ 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus “Σαμία” 28:] Refs 4th c.BC+] — ἀγαθόν τινα δεδρακέναι, πεποιηκέναι confer a benefit on.., [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.68, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 13.92] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπ᾽ ἀγαθῷ τινος for one's good, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.27, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 7.4.3; ἐπ᾽ ἀ. τοῖς πολίταις 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 1487; οὐκ ἐπ᾽ ἀ. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]for no good end, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.131; ἐπ᾽ οὐδενὶ ἀ. τῆς Ἑλλάδος 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 5.2.35:—in _plural_, ἡ ἐπ᾽ ἀγαθοῖς γεναμένη (sic) κατασπορά “PFlor.” 21.10 (3rd c.AD):] Refs 5th c.BC+] —τὸ ἀ. or τἀ., the good, [[ 5th c.BC: Epicharmus Comicus 171.5, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 506b, 508e, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 1091a31, etc.:] Refs 5th c.BC+] —in _plural_, ἀγαθά, τά, goods of fortune, treasures, wealth, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.172, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 13.91, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.2.63, etc.; ἀγαθὰ πράττειν ] Refs 5th c.BC+]fare well, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 1706] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also, good things, dainties, [[ 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 1000, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 873, etc.] Refs 6th c.BC+]: good qualities, τοῖς ἀ., οἷς ἔχομεν ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ[[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 8.32, compare 3rd c.AD: Democritus Epigrammaticus 37] Refs 5th c.BC+]; good points, of a horse, εἰ τἄλλα πάντα ἀ. ἔχοι, κακόπους δ᾽ εἴη[[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “de Equitandi ratione” 1.2. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III comparative and superlative are usually supplied from other stems, i.e. comparative ἀμείνων, ἀρείων, βελτίων, κρείσσων (κάρρων), λωΐων (λὥων), Epic dialect βέλτερος, λωΐτερος, φέρτερος:—superlative ἄριστος, βέλτιστος, κράτιστος, λώϊστος (λῷστος), Epic dialect βέλτατος, κάρτιστος, φέρτατος, φέριστος:— later, regular comparative ἀγαθώτερος[[ LXX.Judg.11.25, 15.2, 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 8 “fragment” 12, 3rd c.AD: Plotinus Philosophus 5.5.9, Diod.Rh. p.53.9H.] LXX+1st c.BC+]: superlative ἀγαθώτατος[[ 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 16.85, 3rd c.AD: Heliodorus Scriptor Eroticus 5.15,] Refs 1st c.BC+] etc. (-ότατος [[“POxy.” 1757.26 (2nd c.AD)). ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__IV adverb usually εὖ, which see: ἀγαθῶς[[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “κατ᾽ ἰητρεῖον” 9, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1388b6, LXX.1Ki.20.7. (Etym. uncertain (ὅτι ἄγει ἡμᾶς ἐπὶ τὸν ὀρθὸν βίον “Stoicorum Veterum Fragmenta” 3.49)] LXX+5th c.BC+]; perhaps cognate with ἄγαμαι, hence admirable.)
