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ἀφαιρ-έω,
Ionic dialect ἀπαιρέω, future -ήσω: perfect ἀφῄρηκα, Ionic dialect ἀπαραίρηκα: aorist ἀφεῖλον, later infinitive ἀφέλαι[[ “GDI” 4940.35 (Cretan dialect); ἀφῄρησα 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 11.121] Refs 2nd c.AD+]:—take away from:—Constr.: mostly ἀ. τί τινι, σῖτον μέν σφιν ἀφεῖλε took it from him, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.455, compare 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 360] Refs 8th c.BC+] codices, etc. (but also, relieve one of a duty, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 7.1.44): less frequently ἀ. τί τινος 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Pax” 560, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Respublica Lacedaemoniorum” 4.7; κῆρα χώρας 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 777 (Lyric poetry); ἔκ τινος [prev. author] “Eu.” 444] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also τινά τι probably [[ l. [prev. work] 360, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 933] Refs 5th c.BC+], see infr. II. I, III: with genitive, take from, τιμῆς οὔτ᾽ ἀφελὼν οὔτ᾽ ἐπορεξάμενος[[ 6th c.BC: Solon Lyricus 5.2] Refs 6th c.BC+]; μηδὲν ἀφαιρῶμεν τοῦ ἀδίκου (from the unjust man) ἀπὸ τῆς ἀδικίας[[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 360e] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τοῦ πλήθους diminish the number, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “de Vectigalibus” 4.4: with _accusative_ only, ἀπελὼν τὰ ἄχθεα] Refs 5th c.BC+] having taken them off, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.80; βασιλέων.. ὀργὰς ἀφῄρουν ] Refs 5th c.BC+]took away, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 455, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 22, “Ra.” 518. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__2 set aside, κρέα[[ “SIG” 1044.41 (Halic., 4th c.BC). ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__2.b exclude, separate, τὸ Ἑλληνικὸν ὡς ἓν ἀπὸ πάντων ἀφαιροῦντες χωρίς[[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 262d] Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to προστιθέναι, [[ [prev. author] “Phd.” 95e, etc. ] Refs]
__3 in Mathematics texts, ἀ. ἀπὸ.. subtract from, [[ 3rd c.BC: Euclides Geometra “Ax.” 3 (_passive_)] Refs 3rd c.BC+], etc.; of ratios, divide out from both sides of an equation, [[ 2nd c.AD: Apollonius Biographus Perg. 1.41 (_passive_)] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; intercept, in passive, [[ 5th c.AD: Proclus Philosophus “Hypotyposis astronomicarum positionum” 2.27. ] Refs 5th c.AD+]
__4 in Logic, abstract, with accusative, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Analytica Posteriora” 74a37, +others: _absolutely_, [prev. author] “Metaphorical” 1030a33. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__II middle, future ἀφαιρήσομαι (in passive sense, variant for{ἀπαιρε-θήσεσθαι}, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.35, compare 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator “fragment” 57), later ἀφελοῦμαι 2nd c.BC: Timostratus Comicus 5, 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.29.7] Refs 5th c.BC+]: aorist ἀφειλόμην, later ἀφειλάμην [[ 1st c.AD: Philo Judaeus 2.586, 2nd-3rd c.AD: Dio Cassius Historicus 41.63, compare 2nd c.AD: Phrynichus Atticista ] Refs 1st c.AD+] 116: perfect ἀφῄρημαι (in middle sense) [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 7.5.79 (spelt ἀφείρ- “Sammelb.” 4309 (3rd c.BC)):—from 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus ] Refs 8th c.BC+] downwards more frequently than active, take away for oneself; also in reciprocal sense, ἀφαιρεῖσθον τύχην ye have received each the fortune of the other, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Electra” 928:] Refs 5th c.BC+] —Constr. like active, ἀφαιρεῖσθαί τί τινι, as καὶ δή μοι γέρας.. ἀφαιρήσεσθαι ἀπειλεῖς[[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.161; τί τινος 5.673, 691, 9.335, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.58, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 24.13, etc. (also τεύχεα.. ὤμοιϊν ἀφελέσθαι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.510); τι πρός τινος 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Troades” 1034; τι ἀπό τινος 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 883; ἔκ τινος 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Cynegeticus” 12.9] Refs 8th c.BC+]: with double accusative of things et person, bereave or deprive of, μήτε σὺ τόνδ᾽.. ἀποαίρεο κούρην[[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.275, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.71, 7.104] Refs 8th c.BC+]; frequently in Attic dialect and Trag., [[ 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator [same place], 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.74, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 20.46, etc.; τέκνα ἀ. τινά 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 613, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 464: rarely with _accusative_ _person_ et _genitive_ _of things_, ἀ. τὰς κύνας τοῦ εὑρεῖν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Cynegeticus” 6.4; τῆς ἀρχῆς τινά 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Antonius” 60; τὴν Ἀμαζόνα τοῦ ζωστῆρος 2nd c.AD: Pausanias Periegeta 5.10.9. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.2 with accusative of things, ἀ. ψήφισμα cancel or rescind, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 2.24] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀφελομένης τῆς νυκτὸς τὸ ἔργον having broken off the action, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.134; ἕως κελαινῆς νυκτὸς ὄμμ᾽ ἀφείλετο 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 428: _absolutely_, μέχρι σκότος ἀφείλετο (i.e. τὴν δίωξιν) 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 1.2.16; ἀ. τὴν μνήμην πολλῶν ἀγαθῶν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 22.13. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.3 followed by μή with infinitive, prevent, hinder from doing, τί μ᾽ ἄνδρα.. ἀφείλου μὴ κτανεῖ;[[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1303, compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Troades” 1146] Refs 5th c.BC+]; κἄκτεινας, ἤ τις συμφορά σ᾽ ἀφείλετο [μὴ κτεῖναι]; [[ [prev. author] “Andr.” 913] Refs]; with infinitive passive, τὸν τὰ ὕστερον ἀφείλετο ἀδικήματα εὐεργέτην μὴ ὀνομασθῆναι[[ 2nd c.AD: Pausanias Periegeta 8.52.2] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; with infinitive only, [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 1.62] Refs 5th c.BC+]: simply, obstruct, ἀρχήν[[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 958c. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.4 ἀ. τινὰ εἰς ἐλευθερίαν, Latin vindicare in libertatem, claim as free, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 914e, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 12.97, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 58.19, compare 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 23.10, 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.62. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III passive, future -αιρεθήσομαι[[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Helena” 938;] Refs 5th c.BC+] -ήσομαι [[5th c.BC: Antipho Orator “fragment” 57: ] Refs 5th c.BC+]perfect ἀφῄρημαι, Ionic dialect ἀπαραίρημαι[[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.159, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]:—to be robbed or deprived of a thing, τι [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 962 (Lyric poetry), 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.137, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τι πρός or ὑπό τινος, [[ [prev. author] 1.70, 3.65, 7.159; ἀφῃρέθην τὰ ἐνέχυρα ὑπό τινος 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 47.41] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἐκ χερῶν ἀφῃρέθην had them taken out of my hands, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Troades” 486: with ] Refs 5th c.BC+]infinitive, ἀφῃρέθη Σκίρωνος ἀκτὰς ὄμμα τοὐμὸν εἰσορᾶν was deprived of, hindered from seeing them, [[ [prev. author] “Hipp.” 1207: less frequently μηδὲν τοῦ ἐμοῦ ὄγκου ἀφαιρεθέντος ἀλλὰ σοῦ αὐξηθέντος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 155b. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.2 ὁ ἀφαιρεθείς, in Law, the person from whom a slave has been claimed, [[ [prev. author] “Lg.” 915a.] Refs]
