Skip to main content
διά — STEP Liddell–Scott–Jones | Berean Institutes
STEP Liddell–Scott–Jones: διά Text size 19px Width Narrow Wide Theme Light Sepia Dark Save settings Highlight selection Add note Annotate selection
Save reading position
διά,
poetry διαί (Aeolic dialect ζά, which see), preposition governing genitive and accusative — Rad. sense, through; never anastrophic [Prop. δῐᾰ: but [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus ] Refs 8th c.BC+] uses ῑ at the beginning of a line, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.357, 4.135, +others] Refs 8th c.BC+]: also ᾱ, for the sake of meter, frequently in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, for which 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus ] Refs 8th c.BC+] uses διαί in Lyric poetry, [[ “Ag.” 448, +others] ] Refs]
__A WITH GEN.
__A.I of Place or Space:
__A.I.1 of motion in a line, from one end to the other, right through, in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus ] Refs 8th c.BC+] frequently of the effect of weapons, διὰ μὲν ἀσπίδος ἦλθε.. ἔγχος καὶ διὰ θώρηκος.. [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.357; δουρὶ βάλεν Δάμασον κυνέης διά 12.183; δι᾽ ὤμου.. ἔγχος ἦλθεν 4.481; in Prose, τιτρώσκειν διὰ τοῦ θώρακος 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.8.26; διὰ τοῦ ὀρόφου ἐφαίνετο πῦρ [prev. work] 7.4.16: also of persons, διὰ Σκαιῶν πεδίονδ᾽ ἔχον ὠκέας ἵππους] Refs 8th c.BC+] out through the Scaean gate, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.263 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; δι᾽ ἠέρος αἰθέρ᾽ ἵκανεν quite through the lower air even to the ether, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.288, compare 2.458 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; διὰ Τρώων πέτετο straight through them,[[ 13.755; δι᾽ ὄμματος.. λείβων δάκρυον 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1250, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]: also in Compos. with πρό and ἐκ, see at {διαπρό},{διέκ}: in adverbial phrases, διὰ πασῶν (i.e. χορδῶν), see at {διαπασῶν}:from beginning to end,_ [[4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 275, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 519c, etc.: with _adjectives_ alone, δ. παντός ] Refs 5th c.BC+]continually, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 862 (Lyric poetry), etc.] Refs 4th c.BC+]; δι᾽ ὀλίγου for a short time, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.77; δ. μακροῦ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 320; ὁ δ. μέσου χρόνος 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.27. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
Close Browse lexicon entries __A.I.2 of the interval which has passed between two points of Time, δ. χρόνου πολλοῦ or δ. πολλοῦ χρ. after a long time, [[ [prev. author] 3.27, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 1045; δ. μακρῶν χρόνων 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 22d: without an ] Refs 5th c.BC+] adjective, δ. χρόνου after a time, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 758, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.4.28, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; δι᾽ ἡμερῶν after several days, [[ NT.Mark.2.1 ] NT]; and with adjectives alone, δι᾽ ὀλίγου [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.14; οὐ δ. μακροῦ [prev. author] 6.15, 91; δ. πολλοῦ 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Nigr.” 2, etc.: with Numerals, δι᾽ ἐτέων εἴκοσι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.118, compare “OGI” 56.38 (3rd c.BC), etc.: but δ. τῆς ἑβδόμης] Refs 5th c.BC+] till the seventh day, [[ 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Hist.Conscr.” 21: also distributively, χρόνος δ. χρόνου προὔβαινε] Refs 2nd c.AD+] time after time, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 285; ἄλλος δι᾽ ἄλλου 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 1248. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.I.3 of successive Intervals, δ. τρίτης ἡμέρης every other day, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.37; δ. τρίτου ἔτεος [prev. work] 4, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; δ. πεντετηρίδος every four years (with inclusive reckoning), [[ [prev. author] 3.97 ] Refs]; δι᾽ ἔτους πέμπτου, of the Olympic games, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 584 (but δι᾽ ἑνδεκάτου ἔτεος] Refs 5th c.BC+] in the course of the eleventh year, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.62). ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.III causal, through, by,
__A.III.a of the Agent, δι᾽ ἀλλέλων or -ου ἐπικηρυκεύεσθαι, ποιεῖσθαι, by the mouth of.., [[ [prev. author] 1.69, 6.4, compare 1.113; δι᾽ ἑρμηνέως λέγειν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.3.17, etc.; τὸ ῥηθὲν ὑπὸ Κυρίου δ. τοῦ προφήτου NT.Matt.1.22; δι᾽ ἑκόντων ἀλλ᾽ οὐ δ. βίας ποιεῖσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Philebus” 58b ] NT+5th c.BC+]; πεσόντ᾽ ἀλλοτρίας διαὶ γυναικός by her doing, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 448 (Lyric poetry); ἐκ θεῶν γεγονὼς δ. βασιλέων πεφυκώς 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 7.2.24 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; δι᾽ ἑαυτοῦ ποιεῖν τι of oneself, not by another's agency, [[[prev. work] 1.1.4 ] Refs], etc.; but also, by oneself alone, unassisted, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 15.14, compare 22.38. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__A.III.b of the Instrument or Means, δ. χειρῶν by hand (properly by holding between the hands), δι᾽ ὁσίων χ. θιγών [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 470 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also δ. χερῶν λαβεῖν, δ. χειρὸς ἔχειν in the hand, [[ [prev. author] “Ant.” 916, 1258 (but τὰ τῶν ξυμμάχων δ. χειρὸς ἔχειν] Refs] to keep a firm hand on, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.13); δ. στέρνων ἔχειν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 639; ἡ ἀκούουσα πηγὴ δι᾽ ὤτων [prev. author] “OT” 1387; δ. στόματος ἔχειν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.4.25; δ. μνήμης ἔχειν 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Cat.” 9; αἱ δ. τοῦ σώματος ἡδοναί 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.5.6 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; δ. λόγων συγγίγνεσθαι to hold intercourse by word, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 272b; δ. λόγου ἀπαγγέλλειν NT.Act.15.27; δι᾽ ἐπιστολῶν NT.2Cor.10.9, “POxy.” 1070.15 (3rd c.AD). ] NT+5th c.BC+]
__A.III.c of Manner (where διά with its Noun frequently serves as an adverb), δ. μέθης ποιήσασθαι τὴν συνουσίαν [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 176e ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; παίω δι᾽ ὀργῆς through passion, in passion, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 807 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; δ. τάχους, ={ταχέως}, [[ [prev. author] “Aj.” 822, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.63 (but δ. ταχέων [prev. work] 80, +others)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; δ. σπουδῆς in haste, hastily, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Bacchae” 212 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; δι᾽ αἰδοῦς with reverence, respectfully, [[[prev. work] 441 ] Refs]; δ. ψευδῶν ἔπη lying words, [[ [prev. author] “Hel.” 309 ] Refs]; αἱ δ. καρτερίας ἐπιμέλειαι long-continued exertions, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 2.1.20 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; δι᾽ ἀκριβείας, δ. πάσης ἀκρ., [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 23d, “Lg.” 876c; δ. σιγῆς [prev. author] “Grg.” 450c; δ. ξυμφορῶν ἡ ξύμβασις ἐγένετο 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.10; οὐ δι᾽ αἰνιγμάτων, ἀλλ᾽ ἐναργῶς γέγραπται 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 3.121; δι᾽ αἵματος, οὐ δ. μέλανος τοὺς νόμους ὁ Δράκων ἔγραψεν 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Solon” 17: also with _adjectives_, δ. βραχέων, δ. μακρῶν τοὺς λόγους ποιεῖσθαι, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 14.3, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 449b; ἀποκρίνεσθαι δ. βραχυτάτων [prev. passage] d; compare infr. IV. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.III.2 in later Prose, of Material out of which a thing is made, κατασκευάζειν εἴδωλα δι᾽ ἐλέφαντος καὶ χρυσοῦ [[ 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 17.115; θυσίαι δι᾽ ἀλφίτου καὶ σπονδῆς πεποιημέναι 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Numa” 8; βρώματα δ. μέλιτος καὶ γάλακτος γιγνόμενα 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 14.646e; οἶνος δ. βουνίου 1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 5.46. ] Refs 1st c.BC+]
__A.IV διά τινος ἔχειν, εἶναι, γίγνεσθαι, to express conditions or states, ἀγὼν διὰ πάσης ἀγωνίης ἔχων extending through every kind of contest, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.91; δι᾽ ἡσυχίης εἶναι [prev. author] 1.206 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; δι᾽ ὄχλου εἶναι to be troublesome, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 888; δ. φόβου εἶναι 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.59; δι᾽ ἀπεχθείας γίγνεσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Hiero” 9.2; ἡ ἐπιμέλεια δ. χάριτος γίγνεται [prev. passage]; δ. μιᾶς γνώμης γίγνεσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.138. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.IV.b with Verbs of motion, δ. μάχης ἐλεύσονται will engage in battle, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.9; ἐλθεῖν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.92 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; δ. παντὸς πολέμου, δ. φιλίας ἰέναι τινί, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 3.2.8 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; δ. δίκης ἰέναι τινί go to law with.., [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 742, compare 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.60; δ. τύχης ἰέναι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 773; δι᾽ ὀργῆς ἥκειν [prev. author] “OC” 905 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐμαυτῷ δ. λόγων ἀφικόμην I held converse with myself, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 872 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; δ. λόγων, δ. γλώσσης ἰέναι come to open speech, [[ [prev. author] “Tr.” 916, “Supp.” 112 ] Refs]; δ. φιλημάτων ἰέναι come to kissing, [[ [prev. author] “Andr.” 416; δ. δικαιοσύνης ἰέναι καὶ σωφροσύνης 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 323a, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; δ. πυρὸς ἰέναι (see. πῦρ): in passive sense, δι᾽ ἀπεχθείας ἐλθεῖν τινι to be hated by.., [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 121 (_anapaest meter_). ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__A.IV.c with transitive Verbs, δι᾽ αἰτίας ἔχειν or ἄγειν τινά hold in fault, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.60, 2nd-3rd c.AD: Aelianus “Varia Historia” 9.32; δι᾽ ὀργῆς ἔχειν τινά 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.37, etc.; δ. φυλακῆς ἔχειν τι [prev. author] 7.8 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; δι᾽ οἴκτου ἔχειν τινά, δι᾽ αἰσχύνης ἔχειν τι, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 851, “IT” 683; δ. πένθους τὸ γῆρας διάγειν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 4.6.6; δι᾽ οὐδενὸς ποιεῖσθαί τι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 584. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.I of Place, only poetical, in same sense as διά with genitive:
__B.I.1 through, ἓξ δὲ δ. πτύχας ἦλθε.. χαλκός [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.247; ἤϊξε δ. δρυμὰ.. καὶ ὕλην 11.118, compare 23.122, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; δ. τάφρον ἐλαύνειν across it,[[ 12.62; δ. δώματα ποιπνύοντα 1.600; ἐπὶ χθόνα καὶ δ. πόντον βέβακεν 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 4(3).41; φεύγειν δ. κῦμ᾽ ἅλιον 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 14 (_anapaest meter_). ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.I.2 through, among, in, οἴκεον δι᾽ ἄκριας [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.400; ἄραβος δὲ δ. στόμα γίγνετ᾽ ὀδόντων 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.375 (but μῦθον, ὃν.. δ. στόμα.. ἄγοιτο] Refs 8th c.BC+] through his mouth,[[ 14.91; so δ. στόμα ὄσσαν ἱεῖσαι 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 65; ἀεὶ γὰρ ἡ γυνή σ᾽ ἔχει δ. στόμα 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Lysistrata” 855); δ. κρατερὰς ὑσμίνας 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 631; νόμοι δι᾽ αἰθέρα τεκνωθέντες 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 867 (Lyric poetry). ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__B.II of Time, also poetical, δ. νύκτα [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.57, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; δ. γλυκὺν ὕπνον during sweet sleep, [[ 2nd c.BC: Moschus Bucolicus 4.91. ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]
__B.III.1 of persons, thanks to, by aid of, νικῆσαι δ... Ἀθήνην [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.520, compare 13.121; δ. δμῳὰς.. εἷλον 19.154 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; δ. σε by thy fault or service, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1129, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 145, compare 160, 170 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: in Prose, by reason of, on account of, δ᾽ ἡμᾶς [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.41, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 7.6.33, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.249; οὐ δι᾽ ἐμαυτόν 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.144 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; so εἰ μὴ διά τινα if it had not been for.., εἰ μὴ δι᾽ ἄνδρας ἀγαθούς [[ 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 12.60; Μιλτιάδην εἰς τὸ βάραθρον ἐμβαλεῖν ἐψηφίσαντο, καὶ εἰ μὴ δ. τὸν πρύτανιν ἐνέπεσεν ἄν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 516e, compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 19.74; εἰ μὴ δ. τὴν ἐκείνου μέλλησιν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.18, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 558; πλέον᾽ ἔλπομαι λόγον Ὀδυσσέος ἢ πάθαν γενέσθαι δι᾽ Ὅμηρον 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 7.21. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.III.2 of things, to express the Cause, Occasion, or Purpose, δι᾽ ἐμὴν ἰότητα because of my will, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.41; Διὸς μεγάλου δ. βουλάς 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.82 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; δι᾽ ἀφραδίας for, through want of thought,[[ 19.523; δι᾽ ἀτασθαλίας 23.67 ] Refs]; δι᾽ ἔνδειαν by reason of poverty, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 7.8.6 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; δ. καῦμα, δ. χειμῶνα,[[ [prev. work] 1.7.6; δι᾽ ἄγνοιαν καὶ ἀμαθίαν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 360b, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]: frequently also with neuter adjectives, δ. τ; wherefore?; δ. τοῦτο, δ. ταῦτα on this account; δι᾽ ὅ, δι᾽ ἅ on which account; δ. πολλά for many reasons, etc.
__B.III.3 ={ἕνεκα}, to express Purpose, δἰ ἀχθηδόνα for the sake of vexing, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.40, compare 5.53 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; δ. τὴν τούτου σαφήνειαν with a view to clearing this up, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 524c, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1172b21 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; αὐτή δι᾽ αὑτήν for its own sake, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 367b, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__C WITHOUT CASE as adverb throughout, δ. πρό (see. supr. A.I.I); δ. δ᾽ ἀμπερές [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.377. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__D IN COMPOSITION (joined with other words),
__D.I through, right through, of Space, διαβαίνω, διέχω, διιππεύω.
__D.II in different directions, as in διαπέμπω, διαφορέ; of separation, asunder, διαιρέω, διαλύ; of difference or disagreement, at variance, διαφωνέω, διαφέρ; or simply mutual relation, one with another, διαγωνίζομαι, διάδω, διαθέω, διαπίνω, διαφιλοτιμέομαι.
__D.III pre-eminence, διαπρέπω, διαφέρω.
__D.IV completion, to the end, utterly, διεργάζομαι, διαμάχομαι, διαπράττω, διαφθείρω: of Time, διαβιόω.
__D.V to add strength, thoroughly, out and out, διαγαληνίζω, etc.; compare ζά.
__D.VI of mixture, between, partly, especially in adjective, as διάλευκος, διάχρυσος, διάχλωρος, etc.
__D.VII of leaving an interval or breach, διαλείπω, διαναπαύω. (Cogn. with δύο, δίς.)
STEP Liddell–Scott–Jones — CC-BY-4.0
STEPBible TFLSJ (Translators Formatted full LSJ Bible lexicon), CC BY 4.0, Tyndale House. Greek lexical entries from the full Liddell-Scott-Jones lexicon, formatted by Tyndale House Cambridge for biblical study.
View source 