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ἐλαύνω,
[[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.62, etc.: _Ionic dialect_ ] Refs 8th c.BC+]imperfect ἐλαύνεσκον (ἀπ-) [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.119: ] Refs 5th c.BC+]future ἐλάσω [ᾰ], participle ἐλάσοντας [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 7.7.55 codices, compare 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 2.36, (ἐξ-) 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ τόπων τῶν κατὰ ἄνθρωπον” 46, “Nat.Mul.” 32 (ἐλάσσω ] Refs 5th c.BC+] (παρ-) is falsa lectio in [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.427, and ξυνελάσσομεν] Refs 8th c.BC+] is subjunctive in [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.39); ἐλάω 3rd c.BC: Apollonius Rhodius Epicus 3.411 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; Attic dialect ἐλῶ, ᾷς, ᾷ, infinitive ἐλᾶν, also [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.207, etc., and so 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus ] Refs 8th c.BC+] in the resolved form ἐλόω [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.315, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.319 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: infinitive ἐλάαν (though this is also infinitive present, see below) [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.496, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.290 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: aorist 1 ἤλᾰσα, Epic dialect ἔλᾰσα [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.80, ἔλασσα 18.564 ] Refs 8th c.BC+], Ionic dialect 3rd.pers. singular ἐλάσασκεν [[ 2.199: ] Refs]perfect ἐλήλᾰκα (ἀπ-, ἐξ-) [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 4.2.10, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 828: ] Refs 5th c.BC+]pluperfect ἐληλάκειν (ἐξ-) [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.90 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]:— middle (see. below [[ 1.2)] Refs], future ἐλάσομαι (παρ-) uncertain reading in [[ 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Anabasis” 3.30.3 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]: aorist ἠλασάμην [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.682 ] Refs 8th c.BC+], rare in Attic dialect, as [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 484b ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; 3rd.pers. singular ἤλσατο [[ 6th c.BC: Ibycus Lyricus 55 ] Refs 6th c.BC+]; Epic dialect ἐλάσαιο, -ασαίατο, -ασσάμενος, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 20.51, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.537, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.637:] Refs 8th c.BC+] —passive, future ἐλασθήσομαι (ἐξ-) [[ 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 4.9: ] Refs 1st c.BC+]aorist ἠλάθην [ᾰ] [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Heraclidae” 430, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 4; later ἠλάσθην “Anthologia Graeca” 7.278 (1st c.BC: Archias), “Sammelb.” 997 (4th c.AD), (ἐξ-, συν-) 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 8.24.9, 18.22.6, etc. (in 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus ] Refs 5th c.BC+] the Mss. vary between the two forms, ἐξελαθείς [[ 7.165, ἀπηλάσθησαν 3.54)] Refs]: perfect ἐλήλαμαι [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.113, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.84 ] Refs 8th c.BC+] (ἐξ-), etc.; ἐλήλασμαι [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “γυναικεῖα” 2.133, 4th c.BC: Aeneas Tacticus 31.4 (probably), (ἐξ-) 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 6.22.4, (συν-) 2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Conjunctionibus;” 233.30 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: pluperfect ἠλήλατο [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.400; poetry also ἐλήλατο 4.135 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; 3rd.pers. plural ἠλήλαντο [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Scutum Herculis” 143, also ἐληλέδατ᾽, ἐληλέατ᾽, ἐληλάδατ᾽ variants in 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.86.] Refs 8th c.BC+]— The present ἐλάω is rare and mainly poetical, imperative ἔλα [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 5(4).38, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Fragmenta - American Journal of Philology” 332, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hercules Furens” 819, “fragment” 779.1 ] Refs 5th c.BC+] (also non-thematic 3rd.pers. plural ἐλάντω [[ “SIG” 1025.8 (from Cos))] Refs]: infinitive ἐλᾶν [[ 5th c.BC: Cantharus Comicus 4, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.4.32: ] Refs 5th c.BC+]infinitive ἐλάαν as Epic dialect infinitive present is frequently in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus (see. below 1.2)] Refs 8th c.BC+]: participle ἐλάουσα [[ 5th c.BC: Empedocles Poeta Philosophus 4.5 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: imperfect 3rd.pers. plural ἔλων [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.2 ] Refs 8th c.BC+], 3rd.pers. singular ἔλαεν [[ 3rd c.BC: Apollonius Rhodius Epicus 3.872; ἀπ-έλα 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.3.32 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; but ἀπ-ήλαον in [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Lysistrata” 1001 is probably an error for -ήλα᾽αν, _Doric dialect_ for -ήλασαν] Refs 5th c.BC+]:—radical sense, drive, set in motion, of driving flocks, εἰς εὐρὺ σπέος ἤλασε μῆλα [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.237; κακοὺς δ᾽ ἐς μέσσον ἔλασσεν 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.299; ] Refs 8th c.BC+]aorist middle ἠλασάμην in active sense, [[ 10.537, 11.682 ] Refs]: frequently of horses, chariots, ships, drive, ἐλάαν (infinitive present) ἅρμα καὶ ἵππους [[ 23.334; ἐς τὴν ἀγορὴν τὸ ζεῦγος 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.59 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐ. ἵππον ride it, [[ [prev. author] 4.64, +others] Refs]; κέλητας καὶ ἅρματα ἐ. ride and drive, [[ [prev. author] 7.86 ] Refs]; ἐ. νῆα row it, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.109, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; στρατὸν ἐ. [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 10(11).66, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.176, 4.91, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
Close Browse lexicon entries __b with accusative omitted, intransitive, go in a chariot, drive, μάστιξεν δ᾽ ἐλάαν (i.e. ἵππους) he whipped them on, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.366, +others, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 734, 739 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; βῆ δ᾽ ἐλάαν ἐπὶ κύματα he drove on over the waves, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.27 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; διὰ νύκτα ἐλάαν travel the night through, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.50 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐς τὸ ἄστυ ἐ. drive into the city, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.60; ἐπὶ ζευγέων ἐ. [prev. work] 199 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ride, [[ [prev. author] 7.88, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “de Equitum magistro” 3.9, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐλῶν ἐς Θρηΐκην marching.., [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.89, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; row, μάλα σφοδρῶς ἐλάαν [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.124 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐλαύνοντες rowers, [[ 13.22, etc. ] Refs]
__c in this intransitive sense, it sometimes took an accusative loci, γαλήνην ἐλαύνειν to sail the calm sea, i.e. over it, [[ 7.319 ] Refs]; so τὰ ἕσπερα νῶτ᾽ ἐ. [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Electra” 731 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also ἐλαύνειν δρόμον run a course, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 28; ὁδόν 2nd c.AD: Dionysius Periegeta 586. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__d passive, [νηῦς] ἐλαυνομένη a ship under way, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.155 (but πλοῖα ὑπὸ σκληρῶν ἀνέμων ἐλαυνόμενα NT.Jam.3.4)] NT+8th c.BC+]; τὰ κατάντη ἐλαύνεσθαι, of horses, to be ridden on steep ground, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “de Equitum magistro” 8.3. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__2 drive away, carry off, in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus ] Refs 8th c.BC+] of stolen cattle or horses, βοῶν ἀρίστας [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.353; ἵππους 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.236; ἐ. ὅ τι δύναιντο 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 4.8.18 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]:—middle, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.637, 20.51; ῥύσι᾽ ἐλαυνόμενος 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.674, etc. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__3 drive away, expel, ἐ. [τινὰ] ἐκ δήμου [[ 6.158; ἄνδρας ἀπ᾽ Οἰνώνας 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 5.16: frequently in Trag., ἐ. τινὰ γῆς 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 70 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; μύσος, μίασμα ἐ., [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 967 codices, “Eu.” 283 (_passive_),compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 98 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἄγος ἐ.,= ἀγηλατέω, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.126; ἐ. λῃστάς 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 1188, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, γῆν πρὸ γῆς ἐλαύνομαι [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 682. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__4 drive (to extremities), persecute, plague, οἵ μιν ἄδην ἐλόωσι.. πολέμοιο who will harass him till he has had enough of war, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.315 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἔτι μέν μίν φημι ἄδην λάαν κακότητος I think I shall persecute him till he has had enough, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.290; θεὸς ἐλαύνει πόλιν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 28; Ἰωνίαν ἤλασεν βίᾳ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 771; μή τι δαιμόνιον τὰ πράγματα ἐλαύνῃ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 9.54; σὺ δ᾽ ἀπειλεῖς πᾶσιν, ἐλαύνεις πάντας [prev. author] 21.135, compare 173] Refs 8th c.BC+]:—passive, ἐλαυνομένων καὶ ὑβριζομένων [[ [prev. author] 18.48; λύπῃ πᾶς ἐλήλαται κακῇ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 275; κακοῖς πρός τινος 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 31; ὑπ᾽ ἀνάγκης καὶ οἴστρου 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 240d; τὴν ψυχὴν ἐρωτικῇ μανίᾳ 2nd-3rd c.AD: Aelianus “De Natura Animalium - Ar.Byzantine Epit.” 14.18 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐλαύνεσθαι τὴν γνώμην to be out of one's mind, [[ 2nd-3rd c.AD: Philostratus Sophista “Vitae Sophistarum” 2.27.5. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__5 ={βινέω}, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 39, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus Comedy texts 3.4. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__6 intransitive in expressions like{ἐς τοσοῦτον ἤλασαν} they drove it so far (where πρᾶγμα must be supplied), [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.50; ἐς πᾶσαν κακότητα [prev. author] 2.124 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; εἰς κόρον ἐλαύνειν push matters till disgust ensued, [[ 7th c.BC: Tyrtaeus Elegiacus 11.10 ] Refs 7th c.BC+]; εἰς ἴσον (i.e. τισί) [[ 1st c.AD: Onosander (Onasander) Tacticus “Praef.” 4] Refs 1st c.AD+]: hence, push on, go on, ἐγγὺς μανιῶν [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Heraclidae” 904 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἔξω τοῦ φρονεῖν [[[prev. author]] Refs]*ba.[[ 853 ] Refs]; πόρρω ἐ. σοφίας go far in.., [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Euthyphro” 4b, compare “Grg.” 486a, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.6.39. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II strike, ἐλάτῃσιν πόντον ἐλαύνοντες [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.6; κιθάραν πλήκτρῳ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hercules Furens” 351 (Lyric poetry). ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__II.2 strike with a weapon, but never with a missile, τὸν σκήπτρῳ ἐλάσασκεν [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.199; ξίφει ἤλασε κόρσην 5.584; κόρυθος φάλον ἤλασεν 13.614 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὀδόντας ἐ. knock out, [[ 3rd c.BC: Apollonius Rhodius Epicus 2.785: with double _accusative_, τὸν μὲν.. μεταδρομάδην ἔλασ᾽ ὦμον] Refs 3rd c.BC+] him he struck on.., [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.80 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; χθόνα δ᾽ ἤλασε παντὶ μετώπῳ struck earth with his forehead, of a falling man, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.94 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: with accusative cognate, inflict a wound, οὐλὴν τήν ποτέ με σῦς ἤλασε [[ 21.219 ] Refs]:—passive, with accusative νῶτον ὄπισθ᾽ αἰχμῇ δουρὸς ἐληλαμένος [[ 7th c.BC: Tyrtaeus Elegiacus 11.20; ἐλαύνεται εἰς τὸν μηρόν 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Tox.” 61. ] Refs 7th c.BC+]
__II.3 strike one thing against another, πρὸς γῆν ἐ. κάρη [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.237 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; of weapons, drive through, διαπρὸ χαλκὸν ἔλασσε [[ 22.295; [δόρυ] διὰ στήθεσφιν ἔλασσε 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.57, compare 20.269; ἤλασε Λυγκέος ἐν πλευραῖσι χαλκόν 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 10.70 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]:—passive, go through, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.135, 13.595 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; to be fixed in, ὀϊστὸς ὤμῳ ἐνὶ στιβαρῷ ἠλήλατο [[ 5.400; διὰ [σφονδύλου] διαμπερὲς ἐληλάσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 616e. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.1 beat out metal, forge, ἀσπίδα.. ἣν ἄρα χαλκεὺς ἤλασεν [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.296 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; πέντε πτύχας ἤλασε beat out five plates, [[ 20.270 ] Refs]; περὶ δ᾽ ἕρκος ἔλασσε κασσιτέρου make a fence of beaten tin (with a play on signification [[ 2), 18.564 ] Refs]; εὐνὴ Ἡφαίστου χερσὶν ἐληλαμένη χρυσοῦ a bed of beaten gold, [[ 6th c.BC: Mimnermus Lyricus 12.6 ] Refs 6th c.BC+]; σίδηρος λεπτῶς ἐληλ. [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Camillus” 41. ] Refs 1st c.AD+]
__III.2 draw a line of wall, trench, etc., ἀμφὶ δὲ τάφρον ἤλασαν [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.450; ἀμφὶ δὲ τεῖχος ἔλασσε πόλει 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.9; σταυροὺς δ᾽ ἐκτὸς ἔλασσε 14.11; τοῖχοι ἐληλέατ᾽ 7.86 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; τεῖχος τοὺς ἀγκῶνας ἐς τὸν ποταμὸν ἐλήλαται the wall has its angles carried down to the river, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.180, compare 185, 191 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐληλαμέναι πέρι πύργον having a wall built round, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 872 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὄγμον ἐλαύνειν work one's way down a ridge or swathe in reaping or mowing, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.68; ἐ. αὔλακα 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 443 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀμπελίδος ὄρχον ἐ. to draw a line of vines, i.e. plant them in line, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 995 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: generally, plant, produce, ἐλᾷ τέσσαρας ἀρετὰς αἰών [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 3.74. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.3 κολῳὸν ἐλαύνειν prolong, keep up the brawl, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.575. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__III.4 ἐξ ὄσσων ἐς γαῖαν ἐ. δάκρυ [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Supplices” 96. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
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