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ἐπίστᾰμαι, 2
person -ασαι[[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 376, 982, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 629, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Euthydemus” 296a, but ἐπίστᾳ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 3.80, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 86, 581, ἐπίστῃ 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 1085, “PCair.Zen.” 41.19 (3rd c.BC), _Ionic dialect_ ἐπίστεαι ἐξ-) 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.135; _imperative_ ἐπίστασο [prev. work] 29, 209, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 840, 967, “PCair.Zen.” 57.4 (3rd c.BC), etc., but ἐπίσταο variant in 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.209 ] Refs 6th c.BC+], contraction ἐπίστω [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 658, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; subjunctive Ionic dialect ἐπιστέωμαι [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.134 ] Refs 5th c.BC+], Attic dialect ἐπίστωμαι [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Euthydemus” 296a ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: imperfect ἠπιστάμην [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 267, etc.; without augment ἐπίστατο 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.60: 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus has ἐπ- 5.42 (variant ἠπ-), ἠπ- 3.139 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; Ionic dialect 3rd.pers. plural ἠπιστέατο or ἐπιστέατο [[ 8.132 ] Refs]: future ἐπιστήσομαι [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.320, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]: aorist 1 ἠπιστήθην [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.15, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 687a. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__I. know how to do, be able to do, capable of doing, c.infinitive, οὐδέ οἱ ὀστέ᾽ ἐπιστήσονται Ἀχαιοὶ ἀλλέξαι [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.320, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.207, 7th-6th c.BC: Sappho Lyrica 70, etc.: 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus has it both of intellectual power, ὅς τις ἐπίσταιτο ᾗσι φρεσὶν ἄρτια βάζειν 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.92; ἐπιστάμεναι σάφα θυμῷ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.730 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; and of artistic skill, ὃς χερσὶν ἐπίστατο δαίδαλα πάντα τεύχειν [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.60 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: frequently in Trag. and Attic dialect, οὔπω σωφρονεῖν ἐπίστασαι [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 982, compare 1032, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 589; πένεσθαι δ᾽ οὐκ ἐ. δόμος 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 962; ἐ... θεοὺς σέβειν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 996, cf. Alcaeus566 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; κιθαρίζειν οὐκ ἐ. [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 989, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 223d, “R.” 420e, +others: without ] Refs 5th c.BC+]infinitive, σῷζ ὅπως ἐπίστασαι as best you can, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 376, compare “Eu.” 581. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__I.2. to be assured, feel sure that.., τοῦτον ἐπίστανται πλεῖστα εἰδέναι [[ 1st c.AD(?): Heraclitus 57, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.134, 139, 6.139, +others: followed by ὡς, [prev. author] 1.122. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II. with accusative, understand a matter, know, be versed in or acquainted with, πολλὰ δ᾽ ἐπίστατο ἔργα [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.705, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.117; Μουσέων δῶρον 7th c.BC: Archilochus Lyricus 1; τὴν τέχνην 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.130; τὸ μέλλον 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 373; ἐμπειρίᾳ ἐ. τὴν ναυτικήν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.10; τὰς φύσεις ὑμῶν [prev. author] 7.14; πάσας τὰς δημιουργίας 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 598c ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἔγωγε γράμματ᾽ οὐδ᾽ ἐ. [[ 5th c.BC: Cratinus Comicus 122 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ μὴ ἐ. γράμματα illiteracy, [[ “PRyl.” 73.19 (1st c.BC), etc.] Refs 1st c.BC+]; ἐ. ἱερατικὰ καὶ Αἰγύπτια γράμματα [[ “PTeb.” 291.41 (2nd c.AD)] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; ἐ. μύθους τοὺς Αἰσώπου know them by heart, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 61b, compare “Grg.” 484b: also with an ] Refs 5th c.BC+] adverb, Συριστὶ ἐ. know Syrian, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 7.5.31 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; with accusative and infinitive conjoined, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 276 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; with infinitive to explanation the accusative, ἔργον δὲ μοῦνον ἐσθίειν ἐ. [[ 7th-6th c.BC(?): Semonides Iambographus 7.24, compare 7th c.BC: Archilochus Lyricus 65. ] Refs 7th c.BC+]
__II.2. after [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus ] Refs 8th c.BC+], know as a fact, know for certain, ἐπισταμένοισι εὖ οὐκ ἄν τις λέγοι [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.8.ά, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; used convertibly with εἰδέναι, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 163b, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Analytica Priora” 66b31, “Ph.” 184a10 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; even χάριν ἐ., ={χάριν εἰδέναι}, [[ 4th c.AD: Julianus Imperator “Orationes” 8.246c (but sometimes εἰδέναι is general, ἐπίστασθαι] Refs 4th c.AD+] being confined to scientific knowledge (ἐπιστήμη), διὰ τὸ εἰδέναι τὸ ἐπίστασθαι ἐδίωκον [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 982b21): frequently strengthened, εὖ ἐ] Refs 4th c.BC+]. Hdt.[same place]; σαφῶς ἐ. [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 840, etc.: most frequently with _accusative_, τὰ διαφέροντα ἐ. 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 4.19, etc.; also ἐ. περί τινος 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.3, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.60; περὶ θεῶν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 795.4: followed by a dependent clause, τί σφιν χρήσηται ἐ. 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 772 ] Refs 6th c.BC+]; ἐ. ὅτι.., or ἐ. τοῦτο, ὅτι.., [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.3, 156, etc.; ὡς.. 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 599; τοῦτ᾽ ἐπίστασ᾽, ὡς 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1370; ἐ. αὐτὸν οἷς ψωμίζεται 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 715, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.3. rarely, know a person, Ἀρίγνωτον γὰρ οὐδεὶς ὅστις οὐκ ἐ. [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 1278, compare 1st c.AD: Musonius Philosophus “fragment” 3p.12H., 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Asin.” 1 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸν Ἰησοῦν γινώσκω καὶ τὸν Παῦλον ἐ. [[ NT.Act.19.15 ] NT]; but ὁ παῖς τοὺς τεκόντας οὐκ ἐ. does not know who they are, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 51. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III. with participle, in Prose and Trag., know that one is, has, etc., εὖ ἐ. αὐτὸς σχήσων [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.42; ἐσθλὸς ὢν ἐπίστασο 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1399, compare 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.44 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also ὡς ὧδ᾽ ἐχόντων τῶνδ᾽ ἐ. σε χρή [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 281 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὡς φανέν γε τοὔπος ὧδ᾽ ἐ. [[ [prev. author] “OT” 848: with double _accusative_, ἑαυτοὺς Φαυστύλου ἠπιστάμεθα παῖδας (i.e. ὄντας) 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Romulus” 7 ] Refs 1st c.AD+]: c.accusative et infinitive, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 1092, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator “Fragmenta” 53.1. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__IV. present participle ἐπιστάμενος, η, ον, frequently as adjective, knowing, understanding, skilful, ἀνδρὸς ἐ. [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.359; χαλεπὸν ἐ. περ ἐόντι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 19.80 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; καὶ μάλ᾽ ἐ. [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.313 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; even of a dancer's feet, θρέξασκον ἐπισταμένοισι πόδεσσι [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.599: also with _genitive_, φόρμιγγος ἐ. καὶ ἀοιδῆς] Refs 8th c.BC+] skilled, versed in them, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 21.406: and with _dative_, ἄκοντι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.282: hence, ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__IV.2. adverb ἐπιστᾰμένως skilfully, expertly,[[ 7.317, 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 87, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; εὖ καὶ ἐ. [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.265, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 20.161, 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 107; ἐ. πίνειν 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 212 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; also in Prose, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.1.3, 2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Adverbiis;” 146.7, Vett. Val. 298.2 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: c.infinitive, with knowledge how to.., [[ 4th-3rd c.BC: Epicurus Philosophus “De rerum natura - Wien. Stud.” 14.4. (Since ἐφίστημι τὸν νοῦν is used in the sense of ἐπίσταμαι] Refs 4th c.BC+], attend, observe, it is probably that ἐπίσταμαι is merely an old middle form of ἐφίστημι,[[compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Physica” 247b11 τῷ γὰρ ἠρεμῆσαι καὶ στῆναι τὴν διάνοιαν ἐπίστασθαι.. λέγομεν, and see at {ἐπίστασις} II.2.) ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
