ἑταῖρ-ος,
Epic dialect and Doric dialect also ἕγᾰρος, [[ 6th c.BC: Cleobulus Lyricus cited in 3rd c.AD(?): Diogenes Laertius 1.93, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 988 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 6th c.BC+], ὁ:— comrade, companion, in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus ] Refs 8th c.BC+] especially of the followers of a chief, comrades-in-arms, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.179, +others] Refs 8th c.BC+]; messmate, [[ 17.577 ] Refs]; fellowslave, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.407, +others: joined with ἀνήρ, 8.584, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.95, 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 1.18 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; later, as a term of address, φίλ᾽ ἑταῖρε [[ 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 753, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 482a ] Refs 6th c.BC+]; ὦταῖρε Scol. cited in [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 1238, cf. NT.Matt.20.13, +others: with _genitive_, δᾳιτὸς ἑταῖρε] NT+5th c.BC+] partner of my feast, [[ “hymnus ad Mercurium” 436; νυκτὸς ἑ. [prev. work] 290 ] Refs]; πόσιος καὶ βρώσιος ἑταῖροι messmates, [[ 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 115; ἑ. ἐν πρήγματι [prev. author] 116. ] Refs 6th c.BC+]
__2 metaphorically, of things, ἐσθλὸς ἑταῖρος, of a fair wind, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.7, 12.149; φθόνος κενεοφρόνων ἑ. 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “Fragmenta.” 212; γέλως ἑ. ὕβρεων 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.622b: with _dative_, βίον..τὸν σοφοῖς ἕταρον “Anthologia Graeca” 7.470 (1st c.BC: Meleager Epigrammaticus). ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__3 pupil, disciple, e.g. of Socrates, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 2.8.1, +others, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1274a28; Λεύκιππος καὶ ὁ ἑ. αὐτοῦ Δημόκριτος [prev. author] “Metaphorical” 985b4 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: plural, fellow-pupils, [[ 2nd c.AD(?): Pollianus Epigrammaticus 4.45. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]