ζόφος, ὁ,
nether darkness, ἱεμένων Ἔρεβόσδε ὑπὸ ζόφον [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 20.356, compare 11.155, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.56, NT.Jude.6 ] NT+8th c.BC+]; Ἀΐδης δ᾽ ἔλαχε ζόφον ἠερόεντα obtained the realms of gloom for his share, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.191, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.57, “hymnus ad Cererem” 402, 446, etc.; γῆς ὑπὸ ζόφον 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 839. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__2 generally, gloom, darkness, [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Scutum Herculis” 227, 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 18.20.7, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Mundo” 400a8, NT.Heb.12.18, 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Alcibiades” 28, 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “DMort.” 15.2 ] NT+8th c.BC+]; χειμέριος ζ. the gloom of winter, [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 4(3).18: _metaphorically_, τῆς ψυχῆς.. ζ. 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.48c. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II the dark quarter, i.e. the West, ἤδη γὰρ φάος οἴχεθ᾽ ὑπὸ ζόφον [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.335; οὐ γὰρ ἴδμεν ὅπῃ ζ. οὐδ᾽ ὅπῃ ἠώς 10.190 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ποτὶ ζόφον, opposed to πρὸς ἠῶ τ᾽ ἠέλιόν τε, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.240, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.241, 9.26 ] Refs 8th c.BC+] (the North accusative to [[ 1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Strabo Geographus 10.2.12)] Refs 1st c.BC+]; Γαδείρων τὸ πρὸς ζόφον to the west of.., [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 4.69.] Refs 5th c.BC+] —poetical and later Prose. (Prob. _cognate_ with ζέφυρος.)