ἦθος, εος, τό
(compare ἔθος), an accustomed place: hence, in plural, haunts or abodes of animals, μετά τ᾽ ἤθεα καὶ νομὸν ἵππων [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.511; [σύας] ἔρξαν κατὰ ἤθεα κοιμηθῆναι 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.411 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; of lions, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.125 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; of fish, [[ 2nd-3rd c.AD: Oppianus Anazarbensis Epicus “Halieutica - Poetae Bucolici et Didactici” 1.93 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; of the abodes of men, [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 167, 525, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.15, 157, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 64 (Lyric poetry), 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Helena” 274, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 865e, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Mundo” 398b33 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἔλεγον ἐξ ἠθέων τὸν ἥλιον ἀνατεῖλαι away from his accustomed place, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.142 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; of plants, [[ 4th c.AD: Callistratus Sophista “Statuarum descriptiones” 7 ] Refs 4th c.AD+]: metaphorically, with play on signification [[ 11, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 277a. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II custom, usage: in plural, manners, customs, [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 137, “Th.” 66, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.30, 35, 4.106, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.61; τρόποι καὶ ἤθη 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 896c ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐθρέψω Ξέρξην ἐν τοῖς αὐτοῖς ἤ[[. [prev. work] 695e; φθείρουσιν ἤθη χρήσθ᾽ ὁμιλίαι κακαί “PHib.” 1.7.94 (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 1024 = 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 218); τοῖς ἤθεσιν ἁπλοῦς 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 5.21. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.2 disposition, character, ἐπίκλοπον ἦθος [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 67, 78; ἦ. ἐμφυές 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 11(10).21 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀκίχητα ἤ., of Zeus, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 187; τοὐμὸν ἦ. παιδεύειν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 595 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὦ μιαρὸν ἦ. [[ [prev. author] “Ant.” 746 ] Refs]; τὸ τῆς πόλεως ἦ. [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 2.31 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; βελτίων τῆς πόλεως τὸ ἦ. [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 20.14 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; especially moral character, opposed to διάνοια, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1139a1 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; as the result of habit, τὸ πᾶν ἦ. διὰ ἔθος [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 792e, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Eudemia” 1220a39; ἦ. ἀνθρώπῳ δαίμων 1st c.AD(?): Heraclitus 119 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἦ. πηγὴ βίου Stoic. cited in [[ 5th c.AD: Stobaeus, Joannes 2.7.1] Refs 5th c.AD+]; τῆς ψυχῆς, τῆς γνώμης, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 400d, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 61.16: frequently opposed to πάθος, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1356a23 (_plural_), etc.; ἠθῶν τε καὶ παθῶν μίμησις 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis “Epistula ad Pompeium” 3; τὸ ἦ. πρᾶος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 243c: less frequently in _dative_, ἀγοραῖος τῷ ἤ. 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Characteres” 6.2, compare “Inscription Magn.” 164.3 (1st-2nd c.AD)] Refs 5th c.BC+]: plural, traits, characteristics, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 402d, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1144b4 (in _sing._, τὸ τῆς ἀνδρείας ἦ. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 836d)] Refs 5th c.BC+]: seldom in plural, of an individual, στερρὸν τὰ ἤθεα [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “ἐπιστολαί” 11; ἱερὸς κατὰ τὰ ἤθη 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 1.1e. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]