θνῄσκω
(with ι [[ “IG” 2.2477.7, 10,2494, Ἀρχ.Ἐφ.1910.73] Refs]; θνείσκ- [[ “IG” 2.4040b; [ἀποθν]ήισκειν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phdr.” in “PPetr.” 1p.18 (3rd c.BC), but θνήσκω 1st c.BC: Didymus Grammaticus cited in “Etymologicum Magnum” 452.29, frequently in codices)] Refs 5th c.BC+], Aeolic dialect θναίσκω Hdn.Gr.[[ 2.79, _Doric dialect_ ] Refs]θνᾴσκω [[ “Sammelb.” 6754.22 (3rd c.BC)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]: future θᾰνοῦμαι [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Simonides Lyricus 85.9, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 462, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; Epic dialect infinitive -έεσθαι[[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.12; later θνήξομαι “Anthologia Graeca” 9.354 (1st c.AD: Leonidas Alexandrinus Epigrammaticus), 2nd c.AD: Polyaenus Historicus 5.2.22 codices: ] Refs 8th c.BC+]aorist 2 ἔθᾰνον, Epic dialect θάνον [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.412, +others] Refs 8th c.BC+]; infinitive Epic dialect and Ionic dialect θανέειν, as always in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, except 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.52, θανέμεν 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 4.72 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: perfect τέθνηκα [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.12, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; subjunctive τεθνήκω [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.74 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: pluperfect ἐτεθνήκειν [[ 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.70, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 19.48 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; 3rd.pers. plural -ήκεσαν[[ 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.52 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: short forms of perfect, 3rd.pers. dual τέθνᾰτον [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.1.19 ] Refs 5th c.BC+], 1st pers. plural τέθνᾰμεν [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 493a ] Refs 5th c.BC+], 3rd.pers. plural τεθνᾶσι [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.52, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; 3rd.pers. plural pluperfect ἐτέθνᾰσαν [[ 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.70, 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.59, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 6.4.16; _imperative_ τέθνᾰθι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.365, τεθνάτω 15.496, “IG” 12.10, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 933e, etc.; _optative_ τεθναίην 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.98, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; infinitive τεθνάναι [ᾰ] [[ 7th-6th c.BC(?): Semonides Iambographus 3, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.31, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 1012, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Comicus 68, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.92, etc., τεθνᾶναι] Refs 7th c.BC+] uncertain reading in [[ 6th c.BC: Mimnermus Lyricus 2.10, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 539 ] Refs 6th c.BC+]; Epic dialect τεθνάμεναι, -άμεν, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.225, 15.497, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; Aeolic dialect τεθνάκην [[ 7th-6th c.BC: Sappho Lyrica 2.15 ] Refs 7th c.BC+]; participle τεθνεώς [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.120, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 476, etc., _feminine_ τεθνεῶσα 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 31.22, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 40.27 (τεθνηκυῖα 6th c.BC: Hipponax Iambographus 29, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 109), _neuter_ τεθνεός 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.112, 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ γυναικείης φύσιος” 32 (τεθνηκός 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 71d, _plural_ τεθνεῶτα 72c)] Refs 6th c.BC+]; genitive τεθνεῶτος, etc., [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.68, etc. (once in 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, _dative_ τεθνεῶτι 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.331)] Refs 8th c.BC+]; poetry τεθνεότος Archel. cited in [[ 3rd c.BC: Antigonus Carystius Paradoxographus “Mirabilia” 89, 4th c.AD(?): Quintus Smyrnaeus Epicus 7.65 ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; Doric dialect τεθνᾰότα [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 10.74 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; Epic dialect τεθνηώς (variant{-ειώς}) [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.161] Refs 8th c.BC+], -ηυῖα [[8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.734, (κατα-) 11.141 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; genitive τεθνηῶτος [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.633, etc.; also τεθνηότος 17.435, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.23, +others [τεθνεῶτι] Refs 8th c.BC+] is trisyllable [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.331, τεθνεώτων 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Supplices” 272 (hexameters)] Refs 8th c.BC+]: disyllable forms are written in later Gr., nominative τεθνώς [[ “BCH” 18.438 (from Argilus)] Refs]; genitive singular τεθνῶτος [[ “SIG” 799.13 (Cyzicus, 1st c.AD)] Refs 1st c.AD+]; dative singular τεθνῶτι [[ “Papers of the Amer. School” 3.334 (Pisid.)] Refs]; feminine τεθνώσῃ (and genitive plural τεθνήτων) [[ “Ath.Mitt.” 50.134 (from Macedonia)] Refs]; accusative plural feminine τεθνώσας [[ 2nd c.AD: Babrius Fabularum Scriptor 45.9]: from τέθνηκα] Refs 2nd c.AD+] arose future τεθνήξω [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 325, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1279 ] Refs 5th c.BC+] (censured as archaic by [[ 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Sol.” 7), later τεθνήξομαι 2nd c.BC(?): Diogenianus Epicureus 1.28, 3.52, 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Pisc.” 10, 2nd-3rd c.AD: Aelianus “De Natura Animalium - Ar.Byzantine Epit.” 2.46 ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; participle τεθνηξόμενος [[ 4th c.AD: Libanius Sophista “Epistulae” 438.7.] Refs 4th c.AD+]—The simple Verb is regularly used in early Prose in perfect and pluperfect; for present, future, and aorist the compound ἀποθνῄσκω is substituted: θνῄσκει variant in [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “γυναικεῖα” 1.9, σάρκες θνῄσκουσι “Art.” 69, ἔθνῃσκον 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.47, +others, θνῃσκόντων [prev. work] 53, θνῄσκοι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 72d, θνῄσκομεν 4th-3rd c.BC: Epicurus Philosophus “Epistulae” 1p.20U. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: aorist participle θανών, subjunctive θάνῃ, [[ “IG” 12(5).593.2,20,23 (Iulis, 5th c.BC), “Berl.Sitzb.” 1927.166 (from Cyrene), 1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Herc.” 1649.4] Refs 5th c.BC+]: aorist infinitive θανεῖν [[[prev. work] 1418.13] Refs]:—in present and imperfect, die, as well of natural as of violent death; in aorist and perfect, to be dead (compare τί τοὺς θανὅντας οὐκ ἐᾷς τεθνηκένα; [[ 5th c.BC: Eupolis Comicus 12.3 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator; τέθνηκ᾽ ἔγωγε πρὶν θανεῖν κακῶν ὕπο 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 431), θανεῖν καὶ πότμον ἐπισπεῖν 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.52, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ζωὸς ἠὲ θανών alive or dead, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.553, compare 15.350; ἦ ἤδη τέθνηκε 4.834; ὡς ἄμεινον εἴη τεθνάναι μᾶλλον ἢ ζώειν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.31, compare 7.46; τεθνάναι κρεῖττον ἤ.. 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 9.65, compare 10.25; ἄξιος τεθνάναι 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 1012, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; τεθνάτω let him be put to death, [[ Inscriptiones Graecae 12.10.29] Refs]; ἄτιμος τεθ. Legal cited in [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 9.44 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]: frequently in participle, νέκυος πέρι τεθνηῶτος [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.173 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; νεκρὸν.. τεθνηῶτα a dead corpse, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.10 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; οἱ τεθνηκότες, οἱ θανόντες, the dead, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 278, 5th c.BC: Eupolis Comicus [same place], etc.; οὔτε τεθνεῶτα οὔτε ζῶντα 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.14 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἴχεται θανών (see. οἴχομαι); θανὼν φροῦδος (see. φροῦδος); θανόντι συνθανεῖν [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 798, “fragment” 953, compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Supplices” 1007 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ θανών, opposed to ὁ κτανών, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 336: ] Refs 5th c.BC+]present with perfect sense, θνῄσκουσι γάρ, for τεθνήκασι, [[ [prev. author] “OT” 118, compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 695 (Lyric poetry), “Ba.” 1041 (Lyric poetry), etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]