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Related to: εἴδω,
no active present in use, ὁράω being used:—middle, see.below [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus 11] Refs 4th c.BC+]: aorist 2 εἶδον always in sense of see (so in present and aorist 1 middle, to be seen, i.e. seem): but perfect οἶδα, in present sense, know. (With ἔ-ϝιδον, compare (ϝ) είδομαι, (ϝ) εῖδος, Latin videre; with (ϝ) οῖδα, cf. Sanskrit véda, Gothic wait, O[[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus ] Refs 5th c.BC+] wát 'know'.)
__A aorist 2 εἶδον (late εἶδα [[ 5th-6th c.AD: Orphica “Argonautica” 118), serving as ] Refs 5th c.AD+]aorist to ὁράω, Epic dialect ἴδον, iterative ἴδεσκε [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.217 ] Refs 8th c.BC+], late Aeolic dialect εὔιδον [[ “epigram Gr.” 990.11 (from Balbilla)] Refs]; imperative ἴδε (in Attic dialect written as adverb ἰδέ, behold! Hdn.Gr.2.23), ἴδετ; subjunctive ἴδω, Epic dialect ἴδωμι [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.63 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; optative ἴδοιμ; infinitive ἰδεῖν, Epic dialect ἰδέει; participle ἰδών: hence, future ἰδησῶ [[ 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 3.37:] Refs 3rd c.BC+] —middle, aorist 2 εἰδόμην, Epic dialect ἰδόμην, in same sense, poetry, Ionic dialect, and later Prose (with genitive, [[ 4th-3rd c.BC: Aratus Epicus 430) (so in compounds, even in _Attic dialect_ Prose, see at {ἐπ-}, προ-, ὑπ-ειδόμην)] Refs 4th c.BC+]; imperative ἰδοῦ (frequently written as adverb ἰδού, ={ἰδέ}); subjunctive ἴδωμα; optative ἰδοίμη; infinitive ἰδέσθα; participle ἰδόμενος [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.88, +others: ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__1 see, perceive, behold, ὀφθαλμοῖσι or ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσι ἰδέσθαι see before the eyes, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.587, etc.; ἰδεῖν ἐν ὄμμασιν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 1020 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἄγε, πειρήσομαι ἠδὲ ἴδωμαι well, I will try and see, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.126, compare 21.159 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; mark, observe, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.476, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.412, etc.: followed by _relative_ clause, ἴδωμ᾽ ὅτιν᾽ ἔργα τέτυκται 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.450; ἀλλ᾽ ἄγε θᾶσσον ἰδώμεθα ὅττι τάδ᾽ ἐστίν 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.44 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: frequently in infinitive after substantive or adjective, θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι a marvel to behold, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.725; οἰκτραῖσιν ἰδεῖν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 240; ἐλεινὸς ἰδεῖν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 620a. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
Close Browse lexicon entries __1.b see a person, i.e. meet him, speak with him, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.125, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.4.15, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__1.c see, i.e. experience, νόστιμον ἦμαρ ἰδέσθαι [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.233, etc.; δούλειον ἦμαρ ἰδεῖν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 56; ἀέλιον ἕτερον ἰδεῖν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 835; τὴν δίκην ἰδεῖν [prev. author] “Ant.” 1270 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀλόχου κουριδίης.. οὔ τι χάριν ἴδε he saw (i.e. enjoyed) not the favour of his wedded wife, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.243. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__2 look, ἰδεῖν ἐς.. look at or towards, [[ 2.271, etc.; ἰδεῖν ἐπί.. 23.143 ] Refs]; πρός.. [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.244 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; εἰς ὦπα ἰδέσθαι look him in the face, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.373, etc.; κατ᾽ ἐνῶπα ἰδών 15.320; ἄντα, ἐσάντα, or ἄντην ἰδεῖν, 13.184, 17.334, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.78, etc.: qualified by ] Refs 8th c.BC+] adverb or adjective, ὑπόδρα ἰδών looking askance, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.148, +others] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀχρεῖον ἰδών looking helpless, [[ 2.269 ] Refs]; κέρδος ἰδεῖν look to gain, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 541 (Lyric poetry). ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__3 see mentally, perceive, ἰδέσθαι ἐν φρεσίν 'to see in his mind's eye', [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.61, compare 4.249; ἰδεῖν τῇ διανοίᾳ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 511a. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__3.b examine, investigate, [[ [prev. author] “Phd.” 70e, “Tht.” 192e ] Refs]; consider, ἴδωμεν τί λέγομεν [[ [prev. author] “Grg.” 455a. ] Refs]
__II middle, present εἴδομαι, Epic dialect ἐείδεται [[ 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 25.58 ] Refs 3rd c.BC+], participle ἐειδόμενος [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N..” 10.15: ] Refs 5th c.BC+]aorist εἰσάμην, Epic dialect participle ἐεισάμενος [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.22, +others] Refs 8th c.BC+]:—only Epic dialect and Lyric poetry, to be seen, appear, εἴδεται ἄστρα they are visible, appear,[[ 8.559; εἰ. ἦμαρ ὑπὸ Τρώεσσι δαμῆναι 13.98; εἴσατο δέ σφι δεξιός 24.319; ὅπη τὸ Ταρτάρειον εἴδεται βάθρον “epigram Gr.” 1034.19 (from Callipolis), compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.283 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; perhaps also οὔ πῃ χροὸς εἴσατο none of the skin was visible, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.191. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__II.2 with infinitive, appear or seem to be, τὸ δέ τοι κὴρ εἴδεται εἶναι [[ 1.228; τοῦτό τί μοι κάλλιστον ἐνὶ φρεσὶν εἴδεται εἶναι 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.11, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]: with infinitive omitted, οἱ τό γε κέρδιον εἴσατο θυμῷ [[ 19.283, etc.; οὐ μέν μοι κακὸς εἴδεται 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.472, compare 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 25.58 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; also, look like or make a show of.., εἴσατ᾽ ἴμεν ἐς Λῆμνον he made a show of going to Lemnos, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.283 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; εἴσατο δ᾽ ὡς ὅτε ῥινόν it had the look as of a shield, [[ 5.281. ] Refs]
__II.3 strictly middle, with dative, εἴσατο φθογγὴν Πολίτῃ she made herself like Polites in voice, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.791, compare 20.81; αὐδὴν εἰσάμενός τινι 3rd c.BC: Rhianus Epicus 50 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: especially in participle, like, εἰδομένη κήρυκι [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.280, etc.; τῷ δ᾽ ὄψιν ἐειδόμενος 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 10.15; εἰδόμενος τοκεῦσιν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 771 (Lyric poetry); φάσμα εἰδόμενόν τινι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.69. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__B perfect, οἶδα I know, used as present: pluperfect ᾔδεα (see. below), I knew, used as imperfect:—perfect οἶδα, Aeolic dialect ὄϊδα [[ 7th-6th c.BC: Alcaeus Lyricus 145 ] Refs 7th c.BC+]; 2nd pers. singular οἶδας once in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.337, compare “hymnus ad Mercurium” 456, 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 491, 6th c.BC: Hipponax Iambographus 89, 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ διαίτης ὀξέων” 67, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 780, 4th-3rd c.BC: Philemo Comicus 44.3 codices ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; οἶσθα elsewhere in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus ] Refs 8th c.BC+], Attic dialect, etc.; in Comedy texts also sometimes οἶσθας [[ 5th c.BC: Cratinus Comicus 105, 2nd c.AD: Alexander Rhetor 15.11, 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 348.5, compare 3rd c.BC: Herodas Mimographus 2.55 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; plural, ἴσμεν, Epic dialect, Aeolic dialect, and Doric dialect ἴδμεν, also Ionic dialect, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.6, +others] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἴστε, ἴσασι [ῐς- [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.211, +others, but ῑς- [prev. work] 283, +others] Refs 8th c.BC+]; οἴδαμεν [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.17, οἴδατε “Anthologia Graeca” 12.81 (1st c.BC: Meleager Epigrammaticus), οἴδᾱσι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.43, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 20.14 codices; dual, οἴδατον 5th-4th c.BC: Socratis et Socraticorum Epistulae “Ep.” 22.1: _imperative_ ἴσθι, ἴστω, _Boeotian dialect_ ἴττω, late ἰδέτω 3rd-2nd c.BC: Phalaris Epistolographus “Epistulae - Epistolographi” 122 codices: from _3rd.pers._ _plural_ ἴσασι (ἴσαντι 5th c.BC: Epicharmus Comicus 53)] Refs 5th c.BC+] were formed Doric dialect 1st pers. singular ἴσᾱμι [[ 5th c.BC: Epicharmus Comicus 254, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 4.248 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; 3rd.pers. singular ἴσατι [[ “IG” 14.644.4 (from Bruttii)] Refs]; 1st pers. plural ἴσᾰμεν [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 7.14, ἴσαμες probably in “Dialexeis 5th c.BC” 6.12] Refs 5th c.BC+]; Cretan dialect 3rd.pers. plural subjunctive ἴθθαντι [[ “GDI” 5024 ] Refs]; infinitive ϝισάμην[[ Kohler-Ziebarth “Stadtrecht von Gortyn” 34 No.3.19] Refs]; participle ἴσας [[ 2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Adverbiis;” 175.19, _dative_ _sing._ ἴσαντι 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 3.29, Cretan dialect _plural_ ἴθθαντες “GDI” 5024: ] Refs 5th c.BC+]subjunctive εἰδῶ (εἰδέω, ἰδέω, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.235, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 16.236)] Refs 8th c.BC+], Ionic dialect 3rd.pers. plural εἰδέωσι [[ “SIG” 45.21 (Halic., 5th c.BC)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; Epic dialect also εἴδω [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.174, +others (compare 2nd c.AD: Herodianus Grammaticus Gr. 2.131), εἴδομεν 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.363, εἴδετε 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.17: _optative_ εἰδείην] Refs 8th c.BC+], 1st pers. plural εἰδεῖμεν [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Laches” 190b, “R.” 582a ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: infinitive εἰδέναι, Epic dialect ἴδμεναι, ἴδμεν, also ἰδέμεν [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 7.25 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: participle εἰδώς, εἰδυῖα, Epic dialect also ἰδυῖα, Elean ϝειζώς [[ “Schwyzer” 409 ] Refs]:—pluperfect ᾔδεα [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.71, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.150 ] Refs 8th c.BC+], contraction ᾔδη [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 18, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 511, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 119a, ᾔδησθα 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.93, 5th c.BC: Eupolis Comicus 416, etc. (but ᾔδεισθα] Refs 8th c.BC+] frequently in codices, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 551, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Cyclops” 108, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Meno” 80d, +others), ᾔδεε (ν) 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.402, +others, ᾔδη 1.70, +others] Refs 8th c.BC+] (also later Attic dialect, accusative to [[ 3rd-2nd c.BC: Aristarchus Grammaticus cited in 4th-5th c.AD: Choeroboscus Grammaticus “Scholia in Theodosii Canones” 2.86), _Attic dialect_ _contraction_ ᾔδει (ν) 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 1187, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 558, etc.; _Epic dialect_ 2 and _3rd.pers._ _sing._ ἠείδης, ἠείδη] Refs 5th c.BC+] (variant -εις, - ει), [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.280, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.206 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; Attic dialect also 1st pers. singular ᾔδειν [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 37.24 ] Refs 4th c.BC+], 2nd pers. singular ᾔδεις [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Thesmophoriazusae” 554, etc.; _plural_, ᾔδειμεν 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 3.82, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Analytica Posteriora” 87b40, ᾔδεμεν 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 14D. (to be read in 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1232), ᾔδειτε 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 55.9, etc. (ᾔδετε probably in 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Bacchae” 1345)] Refs 5th c.BC+], Ionic dialect ᾐδέατε [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.58 (συν-), ᾔδεισαν LXX.Gen.42.23, 1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Strabo Geographus 15.3.23, ᾔδεσαν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.175, 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 54, etc.] LXX+6th c.BC+]; late Epic dialect ᾔδειν, ἠείδειν, [[ 3rd c.BC: Apollonius Rhodius Epicus 2.65, 4.1700, also ᾖσμεν, ᾖστε, ᾖσαν, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Fragmenta” 149.4 (probably), 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 340, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Cyclops” 231, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; Epic dialect 3rd.pers. plural ἴσαν [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.405, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.772 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]:—future, in this sense, εἴσομαι [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.548, 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἀρχαίης ἰητρικῇς” 20, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 332, etc.; also εἰδήσω 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.327, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.234, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 1.44, 4th c.BC: Aeneas Tacticus 31.5, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Topica” 108a28, 3rd c.BC: Herodas Mimographus 5.78, 3rd-2nd c.BC: Apollonius Pergaeus Geometra “Conica” 1 “Praef.”, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; infinitive εἰδησέμεν [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.257.] Refs 8th c.BC+] —The aorist and perfect are usually supplied by γιγνώσκ; aorist 1 infinitive εἰδῆσαι is found in [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “Acut.(Sp.”) 22, “Epid.” 6.8.25 (ἐξ-), 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1156b27, 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Char. Prooem.” 4; _imperative_ εἴδησον “PCair.Zen.” 36.2 (3rd c.BC)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; 3rd.pers. plural subjunctive εἰδήσωσιν Herzog Koische Forschungen No.[[ 190 (2nd-1st c.BC)] Refs 2nd c.BC+]:—know, have knowledge of, be acquainted with, [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, etc.: with _accusative_ _of things_, ὃς ᾔδη τά τ᾽ ἐόντα τά τ᾽ ἐσσόμενα πρό τ᾽ ἐόντα 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.70 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; νοήματα, μήδεα οἶδε, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.122, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.363, etc.: less frequently with _accusative_ _person_, τούτους μὲν δὴ οἶδα 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.551, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 365e, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 54.34, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; πρῶτος ὧν ἡμεῖς ἴδμεν the first we know of, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.6, etc.; παλαίτατος ὧν ἀκοῇ ἴσμεν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.4: strengthened by εὖ or σάφα, εὖ τόδ᾽ ἴσθι] Refs 5th c.BC+] know well, be assured of this, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 593; σάφ᾽ οἶδ᾽ ἐγώ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 740, etc.: frequently in 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus with _neuter_ ] Refs 8th c.BC+] adjective, to express character or disposition, ἄγρια οἶδε has fierceness in his heart, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.41 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀθεμίστια ᾔδη had law lessness in his heart, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.189; αἴσιμα, ἄρτια ᾔδη, 14.433, 19.248 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; εἴ μοι ἤπια εἰδείη if he were kindly disposed towards me, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.73; φίλα εἰδότες ἀλλήλοισιν 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.277; κεχαρισμένα, πεπνυμένα εἰδώς, 8.584, 24.442 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: with genitive, ὃς σάφα θυμῷ εἰδείη τεράων [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.229; ὃς πάσης εἰδῇ σοφίης 15.412 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; τόξων ἐῢ εἰδώς cunning with the bow,[[ 2.718; αἰχμῆς ἐῢ εἰ. 15.525; οἰωνῶν σάφα εἰδώς 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.202; ἐῢ εἰδὼς τεκτοσυνάων 5.250; μάχης ἐῢ εἰδότε πάσης 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.823; κύνε εἰδότε θήρης 10.360; παῖδ᾽ ἔτ᾽ ἐόντ᾽ οὔ πω μάλα εἰδότε θούριδος ἀλκῆς 11.710; εἰδὼς πυγμαχίης 23.665; θεοπροπίων ἐῢ εἰδώς 6.438 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; χάριν εἰδέναι τινί acknowledge a debt to another, thank him,[[ 14.235, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.21, etc.: _imperative_, frequently in protestations, ἴστω νῦν Ζεὺς αὐτός] Refs 5th c.BC+] be Zeus my witness, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.329; ἴστω νῦν τόδε Γαῖα 15.36, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; Boeotian dialect ἴττω Ἡρακλῆς etc., [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 860, etc.: ] Refs 5th c.BC+]participle εἰδώς, absolutely, one who knows, one acquainted with the fact, ἰδυίῃ πάντ᾽ ἀγορεύω [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.365; μετ᾽ εἰδόσιν ἀγορεύειν 10.250; μακρηγορεῖν ἐν εἰδόσιν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.36, compare 3.53; μαθεῖν παρὰ τοῦ εἰδότος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 337d, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; also ἰδυίῃσι πραπίδεσσι with knowing mind, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.608, +others ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__B.2 with infinitive, know how to do, οἶδ᾽ ἐπὶ δεξιά, οἶδ᾽ ἐπ᾽ ἀριστερὰ νωμῆσαι βῶν [[ 7.238, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1010, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 376 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also, to be in a condition, be able, have the power, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 664, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 4.40 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; of drugs, ὅσα λεπτύνειν οἶδε [[ 2nd c.AD: Alexander Rhetor Trall. “Febr.” 6 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; of a festival, οἶδε ἐκπέμπουσα δάκνειν Chor.p.124 [[ 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; learn, ἵν᾽ εἰδῇ μὴ 'πὶ τοῖς ἐμοῖς κακοῖς ὑψηλὸς εἶναι [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 729. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.3 with participle, to know that such and such is the fact, the participle being in nominative when it is a predicate of the Subject of the Verb, ἴσθι μοι δώσων know that thou wilt give, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1670; ἴστω ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀδελφεοῦ ἀποθανών 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.76; οὐ γὰρ οἶδα δεσπότας κεκτημένος 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 397 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: in accusative when it is predicate of the Object, τοὺς φιλτάτους γὰρ οἶδα νῷν ὄντας πικρούς [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 234; τὸν Μῆδον ἴσμεν ἐκ περάτων γῆς ἐλθόντα 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.69: with ] Refs 5th c.BC+]participle omitted, γῆν αὐτὰ οἶδεν ἀμφότερα (i.e. ὄντα) [[ 4th c.AD: Julianus Imperator “Orationes” 7.226a. ] Refs 4th c.AD+]
__B.4 less frequently c.accusative et infinitive, πλήθους.. ἂν σάφ᾽ ἴσθ᾽ ἕκατι βάρβαρον ναυσὶν κρατῆσαι [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 337, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1329; εὖ ἴσθι τοῦτον.. ἰσχυρῶς ἀνιᾶσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.3.44; also εὖ τόδ᾽ ἴσθι, μηδάμ᾽ ἡμέρᾳ μιᾷ πλῆθος τοσουτάριθμον ἀνθρώπων θανεῖν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 431; ἕν γ᾽ ἀκούσασ᾽ ἴσθι, μὴ ψευδῶς μ᾽ ἐρεῖν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 1005. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.5 with accusative followed by ὡς, ὅτι, etc., οἶδα κἀμαυτὴν ὅτι ἀλγῶ [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 332; ἐάν τινα εἰδῶσιν ὅτι ἄδικός ἐστι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 323b, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.6 οὐκ οἶδ᾽ εἰ.. I know not whether, to express disbelief or doubt, sometimes with ἄν transposed, οὐκ οἶδ᾽ ἂν εἰ πείσαιμί σε [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 48, compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 45.7: with Verb omitted after εἰ, as οὐκ οἶδ᾽ εἴ τις ἄλλος] Refs 5th c.BC+] perhaps no other, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 6.1, 12.10. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.7 in similar ellipses with other Conjunctions, οὐκ οἶδ᾽ ὅπως I know not how, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 40c b; οὐκ οἶδ᾽ ὁπόθεν [prev. author] “Cra.” 396d. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.8 οἶδα, ἴσθι are frequently parenthetic, οἶδ᾽ ἐγώ [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 948; σάφ᾽ οἶδα [prev. work] 94, 963 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also οἶδ᾽ ὅτι, οἶσθ᾽ ὅτι, ἴσθ᾽ ὅτι, πάρειμι δ᾽ ἄκων οὐχ ἑκοῦσιν, οἶδ᾽ ὅτι (i.e. πάρειμι) I know it well, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 276 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἶδ᾽ ὅτι, frequently in [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator, as 9.1, +others; σάφ᾽ ἴσθ᾽ ὅτι 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 889:] Refs 5th c.BC+] —οἶσθ᾽ ὅ, οἶσθ᾽ ὡς, with _imperative_, are common in Trag. and Comedy texts, οἶσθ᾽ οὖν ὃ δρᾶσον; do—thou know'st what, i.e. make haste and do, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 1158, compare “Pax” 1051, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἶσθ᾽ ὡς πόησο; [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 543 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also οἶσθ᾽.. ὡς νῦν μὴ σφαλῇ; [[ [prev. author] “OC” 75 ] Refs]; οἶσθα νῦν ἅ μοι γενέσθ; [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Taurica” 1203: rarely with the ] Refs 5th c.BC+]future, οἶσθ᾽ οὖν ὃ δράσεις (nisileg. δρᾶσον); [[ [prev. author] “Cyc.” 131, compare “Med.” 600 codices ] Refs]
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STEPBible TFLSJ (Translators Formatted full LSJ Bible lexicon), CC BY 4.0, Tyndale House. Greek lexical entries from the full Liddell-Scott-Jones lexicon, formatted by Tyndale House Cambridge for biblical study.
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