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καθαιρ-έω,
Ionic dialect κατ-, Aeolic dialect κατάγρημι, which see: future -ήσω[[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.453, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]: future [[ 2 καθελῶ “APl.” 4.334 (1st c.AD: Antiphilus Epigrammaticus): ] Refs 1st c.AD+]aorist 2 καθεῖλον, infinitive καθελεῖν: aorist 1 καθεῖλα [[ LXX.1Ki.19.14 ] LXX]: Ionic dialect perfect participle passive καταραιρημένος [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.172 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]:—take down, καθείλομεν ἱστία [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.149; κὰδ δ᾽ ἀπὸ πασσαλόφι ζυγὸν ᾕρεον 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.268 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; κ. ἄχθος take it down, i.e. off one's shoulders, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 10; κ. τὸ σημεῖον 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.36 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. τῶν ἐκ τῆς στοᾶς ὅπλων some of them, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 5.4.8; κ. εἰκόνα ἐξ ἀκροπόλεως 4th c.BC: Lycurgus Orator 117 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. τινά, from the cross, [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 1.86.6, 1st c.AD: Philo Judaeus 2.529:] Refs 2nd c.BC+] —middle, κατελέσθαι τὰ τόξα take down one's bow, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.78; τοὺς ἱστούς 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 1.61.1. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__2 put down, close the eyes of the dead, ὄσσε καθαιρήσουσι θανόντι περ [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.453; ὀφθαλμοὺς καθελοῦσα 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 24.296; χερσὶ κατ᾽ ὀφθαλμοὺς ἑλέειν 11.426. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__3 of sorcerers, bring down from the sky, σελήνην [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 750, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 513a. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__4 κατά με πέδον γᾶς ἕλοι may earth swallow me! [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Supplices” 829 (Lyric poetry). ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II put down by force, destroy, ὅτε κέν μιν μοῖρ᾽ ὀλοὴ καθέλῃσι [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.100, 19.145, compare 3.238, etc.; μὴ καθέλοι μιν αἰών 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 9.60; φῶτ᾽ ἄδικον καθαιρεῖ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 398 (Lyric poetry); μοῖρα τὸν φύσαντα καθεῖλε 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 517, compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Electra” 878 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 8th c.BC+], etc.; kill, slay, ταῦρον[[ [prev. work] 1143, compare 7th-6th c.BC: Stesichorus Lyricus 23, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 1063, “fragment” 205 ] Refs 7th c.BC+]; ἐάν τις ἀποκτείνῃ.. ἐν ὁδῷ καθελών Legal cited in [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 23.53 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]:—passive, of criminals, to be executed, [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Themistocles” 22. ] Refs 1st c.AD+]
__II.2 put down, reduce, κ. Κῦρον καὶ τὴν Περσέων δύναμιν [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.71, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; καθαιρεθῆναι, opposed to ἀρθῆναι, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 2.8 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; especially depose, dethrone, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.124, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. τὸ λῃστικὸν ἐκ τῆς θαλάσσης remove it utterly from.., [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.4, compare “POxy.” 1408.23 (3rd c.AD)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. ὕβριν τινός [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.27, LXX.Zech.9.6; ὄλβον 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 646.4; ὑπερηφάνους Aristeas 263:—] LXX+5th c.BC+]passive, καθῃρημένος τὴν αἴσθησιν bereft of sense, [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Pericles” 38 ] Refs 1st c.AD+]; καθαιρεῖσθαι τῆς μεγαλειότητος [Ἀρτέμιδος] [[ NT.Act.19.27. ] NT]
__II.3 raze to the ground, demolish, πόλεις [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.58, +others, LXX.Isa.14.17; τείχη 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Menexenus” 244c ] LXX+5th c.BC+]; τῶν τειχῶν a part of the walls, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 4.4.13 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.39, etc.; καθῃρέθη.. Οἰχαλία δορί 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 478. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.4 cancel, rescind, τὸ Μεγαρέων ψήφισμα [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.140, compare 139, 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Pericles” 29; ἔργον κ. λόγῳ 4th-3rd c.BC: Philemo Comicus 140. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.5 as law-term, condemn, ἡ καθαιροῦσα ψῆφος a verdict of guilty, [[ 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 13.37 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: with infinitive, ἐμὲ πάλος καθαιρεῖ.. λαβεῖν [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 275; so probably κατά με.. Ἀΐδας ἕλοι πατρὶ ξυνθανεῖν [prev. author] “OC” 1689 (Lyric poetry), compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 862 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; simply, decide, ὅ τι ἂν αἱ πλείους ψῆφοι καθαιρῶσι [[ 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 7.36, 39 ] Refs 1st c.BC+]; in book-keeping, ἃν καθαιρῶσιν αἱ ψῆφοι whatever the counters (or accounts) prove, probably in [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.227. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__II.6 reduce, τῶν αὐξανομένων καὶ καθαιρουμένων γραμμῶν [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Physica” 237b9; τοῦ ἀποστήματος πεφυκότος ἐπὶ πολὺ καθαιρεῖν τὰ μεγέθη 1st c.BC: Philodemus Philosophus “περὶ σημείων καὶ σημειώσεων” 9 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; of mild caustics, τὰ ὑπερσαρκέοντα καθαιρεῖ (probably to be read instead of καθαίρει) [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἑλκῶν” 14, compare 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 11.756; τὸ σῶμα κ. διαίταις 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Antonius” 53 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: Rhet., minimize, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1376a34. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__III overpower, seize, κὰδ δέ μιν ὕπνος ᾕρει [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.372 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; κ. τινά overtake, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 4.3.16 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. τινὰ ἐν ἀφροσύνῃ catch in the act of folly, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 383 (_anapaest meter_): with _genitive_ partis, κ. τῶν ὤτων] Refs 5th c.BC+] seize by.., [[ 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 5.133 ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]:—passive, κ. ὑπό τινος [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.29. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__IV fetch down as a reward or prize, καθαιρεῖν ἀγῶνας [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Pompeius” 8 ] Refs 1st c.AD+]: metaphorically, achieve, ἀγώνιον.. εὖχος ἔργῳ καθελών [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 10(11).63: ] Refs 5th c.BC+]future infinitive καθαρεῖν, παστόν, μίτραν[[, epigram in “Berl.Sitzb.” 1894.908 (Asia Minor)] Refs]:—middle, φόνῳ καθαιρεῖσθ᾽, οὐ λόγῳ, τὰ πράγματα [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Supplices” 749 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.50. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__V less frequently like the simple αἱρεῖν, take and carry off, [[ [prev. author] 6.41, compare 5.36 (_passive_). Cf. καθαίρω. ] Refs]
