κἄν
(not κᾄν), by crasis,
__I for καὶ ἄν.., variant in [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 357, frequently in _Attic dialect_: not often when καί] Refs 8th c.BC+] is simply copulative, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 79a, “Grg.” 514d ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; but frequently when καί is intensive, ὅ γε κ. μέγα δοίη even a great thing, [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus [same place]; κακὸν δὲ κ. ἐν ἡμέρᾳ γνοίης μιᾷ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 615, compare 591, “Aj.” 45, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 1130, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.61, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; sometimes repeated after or before a Verb with ἄν, ἐπεὶ κ. σὺ.., εἴ τίς σε διδάξειεν.., βελτίων ἂν γένοιο [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 318b, compare “R.” 515e ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; frequently in the phrase κ. εἰ, where καί properly belongs to εἰ, even if, and ἄν to the Verb that follows in apodosi, νῦν δέ μοι δοκεῖ, κ. ἀσέβειαν εἰ καταγιγνώσκοι, τὰ προσήκοντα ποιεῖν (for καὶ εἰ καταγιγνώσκοι, ποιεῖν ἄν) [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.51: hence, ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__I.2 even when the Verb in apodosi was of a tense that could not be joined with ἄν, κ. εἰ πολλαὶ [αἱ ἀρεταί].. εἰσιν, ἕν γέ τι εἶδος ταὐτὸν ἅπασαι ἔχουσι [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Meno” 72c; κ. εἰ μή τῳ δοκεῖ [prev. author] “R.” 473a, 579d, compare 408b, “Phd.” 71b, “Sph.” 247e, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Topica” 136a31, +others ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__I.3 in later Gr. without εἰ, simply as a stronger form of καί, even, εἴσελθε κ. νῦν [[ 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 342; κ. νεκρῷ Χάρισαι τὰ σὰ Χείλεα 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 23.41, compare 35 (variant) (and so with εἷς, μία, ἕν, κ. μίαν ἡμέραν δόντες αὐτοῖς variant in 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 1.7.19; εἰ κ. ἕν τι φαίνοιτο 2nd c.AD: Sextus Empiricus Philosophus “Πυρρώνειοι ὑποτυπώσεις” 2.195, compare 1st c.AD: Philo Judaeus 2.29); ἐὰν ἅψωμαι κ. τῶν ἱματίων NT.Mark.5.28 ] NT+5th c.BC+]; κ. νῦν now at any rate, [[ POxy. 2151.7 (3rd c.AD)] Refs 3rd c.AD+]; κἂν ὧς even so, nevertheless, [[[prev. work]123.7 (3rd-4th c.AD)] Refs 3rd c.AD+]; οἷς οὐδὲ κ. ὄνος ὑπῆρξε πώποτε [[ 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Tim.” 20 codices, compare “DDeor.” 5.2, etc. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]