Skip to main contentκρατέω — STEP Liddell–Scott–Jones | Berean InstitutesSTEP Liddell–Scott–Jones: κρατέω
κρᾰτ-έω,
Aeolic dialect κρετέω, aorist infinitive κρέτησαι [[ 7th-6th c.BC: Sappho Lyrica “Papyrus fragments” in E. Diehl, 9.5:] Refs 7th c.BC+] — middle, aorist ἐπι-κρατησάμενοι[[ variant in 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus “de Usu Partium” 6.13 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]:—passive, future κρατήσομαι [[ 2nd c.AD: Aristides Rhetor 1.501 1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus ] Refs 1st c.AD+] and, with variant{κρατηθήσομαι}, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.9 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]:—to be strong, powerful: hence,
__I absolutely, rule, hold sway, Ἤλιδα.., ὅθι κρατέουσιν Ἐπειοί [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.275, 15.298 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; μέγα κρατέων ἤνασσε with mighty sway.., [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.172; ἅπας δὲ τραχύς, ὅστις ἂν νέον κρατῇ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 35 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὁ κρατῶν the ruler, [[ [prev. author] “Ag.” 951, 1664, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 738, etc.; θῶπτε τὸν κρατοῦντ᾽ ἀεί 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 937; οἱ κρατοῦντες [prev. author] “Ch.” 267, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 530, etc.; τὸ κρατοῦν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 133 (Lyric poetry), 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 714c, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1255a15 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἡ κρατοῦσα the lady of the house [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 734. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__I.2 in Poets, with dative, rule among, μέγα κρατέεις νεκύεσσιν [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.485; ἀνδράσι καὶ θεοῖσι 16.265 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; Φθίᾳ rule in Phthia, [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 4.50; ἐν Ἰλιάδι χθονί 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Electra” 4. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__I.3 with genitive, to be lord or master of, rule over, πάντων Ἀργείων, πάντων, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.79, 288, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.274; Ὀλύμπου 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 149 (Lyric poetry); δωμάτων [prev. author] “Ag.” 1673; ὅπλων 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1337 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; κ. τοῦ βίου to be master of.., [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.137; αὑτοῦ κ. 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1099, 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.26, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 405; ἡδονῶν καὶ ἐπιθυμιῶν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 196c, etc.; τῶν πραγμάτων 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 2.27 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τοῦ μὴ πείθεσθαι τοῖς νόμοις κρατῆσαι to be above obedience.., [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Respublica Lacedaemoniorum” 4.6. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II conquer, prevail, get the upper hand, absolutely, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 324, etc.; πολλῷ ἐκράτησαν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.77; εἰ τὰ τοῦ Μήδου κρατήσειε 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.62; ὁ μὴ πειθόμενος κρατεῖ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 272b; ἔνθα τἀναιδὲς κρατεῖ 4th-3rd c.BC: Diphilus Comicus 111: with _dative_ modοκυντ- 55.9, +others, 3rd c.BC)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; πλοῖα; πάλᾳ, ἱπποδρομίᾳ, [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 8.20, “I.” 3.13; μάχῃ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hercules Furens” 612; ταῖς ναυσί 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 648; τῷ Φοινίκων ναυτικῷ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.16; also θουρίῳ ἐν Ἄρει 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 614 (Lyric poetry); ἐν τοῖς πολέμοις 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 184: c._accusative_ _cognate_, κ. στάδιον 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 6.15, compare 7; ὀκτὼ νίκας 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Epigrammata - PLG” 1; τὸν ἀγῶνα 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.18 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὴν μάχην variant for{τῇ μάχῃ} in [[ 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 18.30; τὴν πρεσβείαν 2nd-3rd c.AD: Philostratus Sophista “Vitae Sophistarum” 1.21.6 ] Refs 1st c.BC+]; πάντα in all things, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1522 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἱ κρατοῦντες the conquerors, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 3.2.26; τὰ κατὰ πόλεμον κρατούμενα τῶν κρατούντων εἶναί φασιν 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1255a7. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.b to be superior, πλήθους ἕκατι ναυσὶν κρατῆσαι [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 338 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]: absolutely, to be the best, [[ 5th c.BC: Critias Philosophus, Tragicus, Elegiacus 2.7 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.c of reports, etc., prevail, become current, φάτις κρατεῖ [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 293, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 978; λόγος κ. 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 738; νόμιμα δὲ τὰ Χαλκιδικὰ ἐκράτησεν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.5; κρατεῖ ἡ φήμη παρά τισι 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 9.26.11. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.2 c.infinitive, prevail so that, κ. τῷ πλήθει ὥστε μὴ αὐτίκα τὰς πύλας ἀνοίγεσθαι [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.104: _impersonal_, κατθανεῖν κρατεῖ] Refs 5th c.BC+] 'tis better to.., [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1364; κρατεῖ μὴ γιγνώσκοντ᾽ ἀπολέσθαι 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 248 (_anapaest meter_). ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.3 c.genitive, conquer, prevail over, τῶν ἐναντίων [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 85, compare “OC” 646, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 955 (Lyric poetry), etc.; κ. τινὸς τὸν ἀγῶνα 2nd-3rd c.AD: Philostratus Sophista “Heroicus” 2.5: _metaphorically_, τό τοι νομισθὲν τῆς ἀληθείας κρατεῖ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 86 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. τῆς διαβολῆς get the better of it, [[ 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 19.53 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ λόγος τοῦ ἔργου ἐκράτει surpassed, went beyond it, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.69 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἡ φύσις.. τῶν διδαγμάτων κρατεῖ is better than.., [[ 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus “Μονόστιχοι - Fragmenta Comicorum Graecorum” 213, compare 169. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__II.3.b of food, digest, assimilate, [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἀρχαίης ἰητρικῇς” 3, 14, Mnesith. cited in 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 2.54b, Phylotim.[prev. work] 3.79c ] Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “ἐπιδημίαι” 6.5.15; τῆς τροφῆς μὴ κρατηθείσης 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.654b. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.4 c.accusative, conquer, master, [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 10.25, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 215, “Th.” 189, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 490, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 1346, “Av.” 420, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 7.6.32, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; μάχῃ, τῷ πολέμῳ τινά, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.2, 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 2.30; τῷ λόγῳ τινά 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 539 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; πάχει μάκει τε in.., [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 4.245 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; outdo, τοὺς φίλους εὖ ποιῶν [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Hiero” 11.15; τῷ διαφθαρῆναι χρήμασιν ἢ μὴ κεκράτηκα Φίλιππον 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.247 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; surpass, κρατεῖ δὲ ὁ τῆς ἡδονῆς [βίος] τὸν τῆς φρονήσεως [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Philebus” 12a ] Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, to be overcome, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 750 (Lyric poetry), etc.; ὕπνῳ [prev. author] “Eu.” 148 (Lyric poetry); ὑπὸ τοῦ ὕπνου 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.121. δ᾽; ὑπὸ τῶν ἡδονῶν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 633e. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III become master of, get possession of, τῆς ἀρχῆς, τῶν νεκρῶν, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.92, 4.111; πολλὰ φρονέοντα μηδενὸς κ. [prev. author] 9.16; σέθεν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 387; οὔπω ἡ βουλή σου ἐκράτει 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 13.26; κ. τῆς γῆς 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.6; ναυσὶ τῆς θαλάσσης 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Menexenus” 240a ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. τῆς λέξεως have it at command, remember it, [[ 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 7.275b ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; master by the intellect, πάντων τῶν τῆς ἱστορίας μερῶν [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 16.20.2 ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]:—passive, to be mastered, δεῖ ἐν ταῖς τέχναις καὶ ἐπιστήμαις ταῦτα κρατεῖσθαι [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1331b38, compare “Po.” 1456a10 (probably to be read instead of κροτεῖσθαι). ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__IV lay hold of, τῆς χειρός [[ LXX.Gen.19.16, NT.Matt.9.25, NT.Mark.9.27. ] LXX+NT]
__IV.2 c.accusative of things, seize, win and keep, especiallyby force, πᾶσαν αἶαν [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 255; θρόνους 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1381 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; seize, hold fast, arrest, τινα [[ Batrachomyomachia 63, 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 8.18.8, NT.Matt.14.3; τένοντα Batrachomyomachia 233; τὰς χεῖράς τινος “PLips.” 40iii2 (4th-5th c.AD)] NT+2nd c.BC+]; secure, grasp, τὴν ἀκατονόμαστον Τριάσα[[ Zos.Alch. p.230 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__IV.3 hold up, support, τινα [[ 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 4.38 ] Refs 1st c.BC+]; maintain a military post, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 5.6.7 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; hold fast, τὰς παραδόσεις [[ NT.2Thes.2.15 ] NT]; keep, retain, [[ PTeb. 61 (b).229 (2nd c.BC)] Refs 2nd c.BC+]:—passive, οὐκ ἦν δυνατὸν κρατεῖσθαι αὐτὸν ὑπ᾽ αὐτοῦ (i.e. τοῦ θανάτου) [[ NT.Act.2.24 ] NT]; ἡ κτῆσις τοῖς τέκνοις κεκράτηται has been reserved for, settled upon, [[ “POxy.” 237 viii 36 (2nd c.AD). ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__IV.4 in Law, possess a title to, κ. καὶ κυριεύειν c.genitive, [[ “PTeb.” 319.19 (3rd c.AD), etclass=bibl [prev. author] “Pl.” 536 ] Refs 3rd c.AD+]: absolutely, tumult, uproar, [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 880:_passive_, Egypt, 1st c.AD), “BGU” 742 iii 6 (_passive_, 2nd c.AD). ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__IV.5 hold in the hand, ὁ κρατῶν τοὺς ἑπτὰ ἀδτέρας ἐν τῇ δεξιᾷ αὐτοῦ [[ NT.Rev.2.1; πόαν 1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 3.93; ἄρτον 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.99d; σκῆπτρον 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 7.289c, compare 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Am.” 44, 3rd c.AD(?): Achilles Tatius Astronomus 1.6 ] NT+1st c.AD+], etc.; δακτύλιον [[“PMag.Lond” 46.451(4th c.AD). ] Refs 4th c.AD+]
__IV.6 endure, put up with, τὸν ἀργυροπράτην [[ “POxy.” 1844 (6th c.AD). ] Refs 6th c.AD+]
__V control, command, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 10, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 282:] Refs 5th c.BC+] —passive, αἰσχρὰ τῷ νόμῳ κρατούμενα controlled by.., [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 755; κρατεῖσθαι ὑπὸ τοῦ προβουλεύματος 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 9.52; διαθέσει 3rd c.AD: Porphyrius Tyrius Philosophus “Sententiae ad intelligibilia ducentes” 27. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__VI repair, make good, τὸ βεδὲκ (Hebrew) τοῦ οἴκου [[ LXX.2Ki.12.5. ] LXX]
