λᾱός, ὁ,
Ionic dialect ληός [[ 6th c.BC: Hipponax Iambographus 88, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.42 ] Refs 6th c.BC+] (variant{λαόν}, which is in all Mss. in [[ 4.148), conjecture in 6th c.BC: Mimnermus Lyricus 14.9 ] Refs 6th c.BC+]; Attic dialect λεώς, which is also used in [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.22, 8.136, while the form λαός is sometimes used in Trag., and once or twice even in Comedy texts (see. below 1.3): also in Inscrr. and Papyrus (see. below)] Refs 5th c.BC+] and in late Prose, as Foed.Byzantine cited in [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 4.52.7 (_plural_), 1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Strabo Geographus 14.4.3 (_plural_), 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.1096b, etc. (both forms in proper nouns, Λεωβώτης 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.204, Λαβώτας 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 1.2.18, etc.). ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__1 in [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad”, λαός ] Refs 8th c.BC+] (λαοί) usually means men, i.e. soldiers, both of the whole army and smaller divisions, κριτὸς ἔγρετο λ. Ἀχαιῶν [[ 7.434; λαὸν ἀγείρειν 16.129; πολὺν ὤλεσα λαόν 2.115: _plural_, ἅμα τῷ γε.. ἄριστοι λ. ἕποντ᾽ [prev. work] 578; στίχες ἀσπιστάων λ. 4.91 ] Refs]; periphrastic, στρατὸς λαῶν[[ [prev. work] 76; λαῶν ἔθνος 13.495 ] Refs]; mostly including both foot and horse, as [[ 2.809 ] Refs]; but sometimes λαός denotes foot, as opposed to horse, [[ 7.342 ] Refs]; also, a land army, opposed to a fleet, [[ 4.76, 9.424, 10.14 ] Refs]; also, the common men, opposed to their leaders, [[ 2.365, 13.108 ] Refs]; but
__2 in [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey”, λαοί, more rarely λαός] Refs 8th c.BC+], almost always means men or people; as subjects of a prince, e.g. [[ 3.214, 305, +others (λαοί is sometimes so used in 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad”, e.g. 17.226, 24.611 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; λαοὶ ἀγροιῶται country-folk, [[ 11.676 ] Refs]; work-people, [[ 17.390)] Refs]; of sailors, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.248; so after 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, ναυτικὸς λεώς] Refs 8th c.BC+] seafaring folk, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 383; πᾶς ὁ χειρῶναξ λεώς 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 844; ὁ γεωργικὸς λεώς 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Pax” 920 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 5th c.BC+]: in singular, slave, τὸν Εὐρυσθέως λεών, of Heracles, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Hecataeus Milesius Historicus 23 1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; and so perhaps λεὼς αὔτοικος [[ “GDI” 5533e (from Zeleia): more generally, μέροπες λαοί] Refs], i.e. mankind, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 90 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 4th c.BC+]; λ. ἐγχώριοι the natives,[[ [prev. work] 517, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.194 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; especially in Egypt, of the fellahin, [[ “PRev.Laws” 42.11 - 16 (3rd c.BC), “PSI” 4.380.5 (3rd c.BC), etc.] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; civil population, opposed to priests and soldiers, [[ “OGI” 90.12 (Rosetta, 2nd c.BC), compare 225.8 (Milet., 3rd c.BC), +others ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]