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λίθος [ῐ], ου,
o((see. below 11), stone, [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; especially of the stones thrown by warriors, τρηχὺς λ., λ. ὀκριόεις, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.308, 8.327 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; also, stonequoit, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.190; ἑλέσθαι.. ἐκ γαίας λίθον 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Fragmenta - American Journal of Philology” 199.4 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; of building- stones, λίθοι βασιλικοί [[ “PSI” 4.423.28, “PCair.Zen.” 499.20 (both 3rd c.BC): proverbial, ἐν παντὶ γάρ τοι σκορπίος φρουρεῖ λίθῳ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 37 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; λίθον ἕψειν 'to lose one's labour', [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 280 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also of stupid persons, 'blockheads', λίθοι [[ [prev. author] “Nu.” 1202, compare 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 568, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Hp.Ma.” 292d, 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 9.656] Refs 6th c.BC+]; λ. τις, ou) dou/lh [[ 3rd c.BC: Herodas Mimographus 6.4 ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; προσηγορεύθη διὰ τὸ μὴ φρονεῖν λ., of Niobe, [[ 4th-3rd c.BC: Philemo Comicus 101; ὥσπερ λίθον ζῆν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 494a {λιθοσπαδὴς} ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; λίθῳ λαλεῖς proverbial of ἀναίσθητοι, [[ 15th c.AD: Macarius Paroemiographus 5.61. ] Refs]
__2 stone as a substance, opposed to wood, flesh, etc., ἐπεὶ οὔ σφι λ. χρὼς οὐδὲ σίδηρος [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.510 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; λαοὺς δὲ λίθους ποίησε turned into stone, petrified,[[ 24.611, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 198c; so [νῆα] θεῖναι λ. 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.156 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; as an emblem of hard-heartedness, σοὶ δ᾽ αἰεὶ κραδίη στερεωτέρη ἐστὶ λίθοιο [[ 23.103, compare 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 3.18. ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]
Close Browse lexicon entries __II λίθος, ἡ, twice in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.287, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.494, just like _masculine_, also in 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 7.26, 2nd c.BC: Bion Bucolicus “fragment” 1.2 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: later mostly of some special stone, as the magnet is called Μαγνῆτις λ. by [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 567 (but ἡ λίθος simply in 3rd c.AD: Democritus Epigrammaticus 11k, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Physica” 267a2, compare variant “de An.” 405a20)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also Λυδία λ. by [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 800 (but in 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus “fragment” 10 1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus Λυδία λ.] Refs 5th c.BC+] = touchstone); Ἡρακλεία λ. by [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Ion” 533d, 4th-3rd c.BC: Epicurus Philosophus “Fragmenta” 293 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; so of a touchstone, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 486d ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἡ διαφανὴς λ. a piece of crystal used for a burning-glass, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 767, compare 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Alex.” 21 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; χυτὴ λ. was perhaps a kind of glass, and so an older name for ὕαλος, [[ 2nd c.BC: Epinicus Comicus 1.8 (the same thing as the ἀρτήματα λίθινα χυτά in 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.69; compare τὴν ὕαλον.. ὅσα τε λίθων χυτὰ εἴδη καλεῖται 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 61c)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; λ. = precious stone is feminine in [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ γυναικείης φύσιος” 99, “IG” 22.1421.92, 1460.21, but _masculine_ in 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.44, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; in the sense of marble mostly masculine, λευκὸς λ. [[ [prev. author] 4.87 (simply λίθος 1.164), 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 330 (λευκοὶ λ. is opposed to πέτρινοι λ. “Supp.epigram” 4.446.8 (from Didyma))] Refs 5th c.BC+]; Πάριος λ. [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 4.81, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.57; Ταινάριος λ. 1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Strabo Geographus 8.5.7 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; λ. Θάσιος, Αἰγύπτιος, etc., [[ 2nd c.AD: Pausanias Periegeta 1.18.6, etc.; κογχίτης [prev. author] 1.44.6; κογχυλιάτης 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 3.4.10; but Παρία λ. 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 6.38, 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Am.” 13 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; compare λυχνίας, -ίτη; πώρινος λ. tufa, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.62. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.2 collectively, πέφυκε λίθος.. ἄφθονος, ἐξ οὗ.. [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “de Vectigalibus” 1.4. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III grave-stone (feminine), [[ 3rd c.BC: Callimachus Epicus “Epigrammata” 8.1. ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]
__IV at Athens, λίθος, ὁ, was a name for various blocks of stone used for rostra or platforms, as,
__IV.1 the βῆμα (which see) of the Pnyx, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 683, “Pax” 680, “Ec.” 87. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__IV.2 another in the ἀγορά used by the κήρυκες, [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Solon” 8 ] Refs 1st c.AD+]; probably the same as ὁ πρατὴρ λ., on which the auctioneer stood when selling slaves, etc., [[ 2nd c.AD(?): Pollianus Epigrammaticus 3.78, compare 126. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__IV.3 an altar in the ἀγορά, at which the Thesmothetae, arbitrators, and witnesses took their oaths, [[ 4th c.BC: Philochorus Historicus 65, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 54.26 (restored from 1st-2nd c.AD: Harpocratio Grammaticus see at {λίθος}), 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ἀθηναίων Πολιτεία” 7.1, 55.5, 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Solon” 25 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; compare λιθωμότης.
__IV.4 two stones on which litigants stood in the Areopagus, [[ 2nd c.AD: Pausanias Periegeta 1.28.5. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__V piece on a draughtboard, [[ 7th-6th c.BC: Alcaeus Lyricus 82, 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 6.18, compare γραμμή 111.1: hence pronoun, πάντα λίθον κινεῖν 2nd c.AD: Zenobius Paroemiographus 5.63 (who explains it differently). ] Refs 7th c.BC+]
__VI in Medicine texts, stone in the bladder, calculus, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 519b19, 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ νούσων” 4.55, +others ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__VII Δία λίθον ὀμνύναι, = Latin Jovem lapidem jurare, [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.25.6. ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]
__VIII λίθοι χαλάζης hail- stones, [[ LXX.Josh.10.11. ] LXX]
__IX λ. ὁ οὐ λ. the philosophers' stone, [[ 1st c.BC: Zosimus Epigrammaticus Alch. p.122 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
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STEPBible TFLSJ (Translators Formatted full LSJ Bible lexicon), CC BY 4.0, Tyndale House. Greek lexical entries from the full Liddell-Scott-Jones lexicon, formatted by Tyndale House Cambridge for biblical study.
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