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μακρός, ά, όν [ᾰ
by nature], long, whether of Space or Time,
__I of Space,
__I.1 in length, long, δόρυ [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.140 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; νέες, νῆες μ. ships of war, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.21, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.41, etc. (_collective_ in _sing._, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 380); πλοῖα μ. 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.30, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.14 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπὶ τὰ -ότερα measured by the longer sides, i. e. length-wise, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.50 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ μ. τείχη the long walls of Athens, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.71, etc.; ἐν τῷ μακρῷ σκέλει τῷ πὸτ τῷ Ποτειδανίῳ “SIG” 247 iii 11 (Delph., 4th c.BC)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἡ μακρά (i.e. γραμμή), line traced by δικασταί to indicate the heavier penalty, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 106 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ μ. δρόμος the long-distance torch-race, [[ “SIG” 1068.9 (Patmos, 3rd-2nd c.BC), +others, “OGI” 339.83 (Sestos, 2nd c.BC). ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]
__I.2 in height, tall, high, μ. Ὄλυμπος, οὔρεα, δένδρεα, κίων, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.193, 13.18, 9.541, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.127, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; of a man, μακρότερον καὶ πάσσονα θῆκεν ἰδέσθαι [[ 8.20, compare 18.195; μ. πύκτης “PLond.” 3.1158.6 (3rd c.AD). ] Refs 3rd c.AD+]
__I.2.b reversely, deep, φρείατα [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.197; φάραγξ 3rd c.BC: Herodas Mimographus 8.17. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__I.3 in distance, long, far, remote, κέλευθος [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.358; οἶμος 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 290; ναυτιλίαι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.1; στόλος 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 490 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; μ. ἐπιβοήθειαι long marches to aid, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 5.4.47 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; remote, ἀποικία [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 814 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; τὰ μακρότατα the remotest parts, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.32: frequently in _neuter_ _sing._ and _plural_ as ] Refs 5th c.BC+] adverb, μακρὰ βιβάς, βιβάσθων, with long strides, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.213, 13.809 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; μακρὰ ῥίψαις, δισκήσαις, [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 1.45, “I.” 2.35; - ότερον σφενδονᾶν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 3.4.16 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; μακρὸν ἀῧσαι, βοᾶν, to shout so as to be heard afar, i. e. loudly, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.81, 2.224; μακρὰ μεμυκώς 18.580; μακρὸν ἠχεῖν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 329a; κλάειν σε μακρὰ κελεύσας 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 433 (see. κλαίω and below see)] Refs 8th c.BC+]; later by analogy, μακρὰ χαίρειν φράσας τῷ ναυπηγῷ [[ 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Nav.” 2, compare “Apol.” 3, +others, 2nd-3rd c.AD: Dio Cassius Historicus 46.3 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; compare μακράν.
__I.4 generally, large in size or degree, great, ἤπειρος [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 75; ὄλβος 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 2.26; πλοῦτος 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 130; τιμήματα 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1278a23, compare 1297b4 (_superlative_); οὐσία [prev. work] 1290b16, 1321a11; μακροτέρα ἀρετά 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 4(3).13; ἐλπίσαντες μακρότερα μὲν τῆς δυνάμεως, ἐλάσσω δὲ τῆς βουλήσεως 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.39 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; μ. τραπεζῖται, perhaps big bankers, Cat.Codex Astr.[[ 7.222. ] Refs]
__I.5 dative μακρῷ, to strengthen comparative and superlative, by far, μ. πρῶτος [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.34; ἄριστος μ. [prev. author] 9.71; ἀσθενεστέρα μ. 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 514, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Philebus” 66e; μ. μάλιστα 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.171, compare 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 30, etc.; κάκιστα δὴ μ. 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 895 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: also with Verbs implying comparison, ἀριστεύει μ. [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 890 (Lyric poetry), compare 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 1.2. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__II of Time, long [[(8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus only in 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey”), ἤματα, νύξ, 10.470, 11.373 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; αἰών see reading in [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 3.75; μ. χρόνος 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.32, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐ μ. χρόνου for no long time, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 1078, etc.; διὰ μ. χρόνου 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 741 (troch.); ἐν χρόνῳ μ. 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 88, etc.; δι᾽ αἰῶνος μ. 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 582 (Lyric poetry); τὸν μ. βίον [prev. author] “Pr.” 449; τοῦ μ. βίου 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 473 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; μηνὶ -ότερος by a month, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.32 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; μακρῷ[[ (compare 1.5) πρότερον 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 8.958 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; μ. ἐέλδωρ a long-cherished wish, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 23.54 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; μ. γόοι, ὀδύρματα, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 375, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 297. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.2 long, tedious, [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 4.33, etc.; λόγοι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 1335, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.60, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; μακρὰν ἔοικε λέξειν (i.e. ῥῆσιν) [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Thesmophoriazusae” 382; οὐδὲ εἷς Ὅμηρον εἴρηκεν μακρόν 4th-3rd c.BC: Philemo Comicus 97.7 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; μακρόν [ἐστι] with infinitive, Latin longum est, [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 6(5).56; μ. ἂν εἴη γράφειν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Agesilaus” 7.1 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]. adverb - ρῶς, λέγεσθαι [[ 4th c.BC: Antiphanes Comicus 268 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]: comparative -ότερον, ποιεῖς you are taking too long, [[ 3rd c.BC: Zenon Papyri du Caire 48.4 (3rd c.BC),compare 4th-3rd c.BC: Philippides Comicus 21. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__II.3 Grammars, long in quantity, φωνήεντα [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Poetica” 1458a11, 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis “de Compositione Verborum” 15 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; μακρά (i.e. συλλαβή), ἡ, [[ 2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Pronominibus;” 92.12; ἡ φύσει μ. [prev. author] “Adv.” 179.16 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]: comparative, φωνήεντι μακροτέρῳ [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Poetica” 1458a1 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; also μακρά (i.e. προσῳδία), ἡ, mark of long quantity, [[ 2nd c.AD: Sextus Empiricus Philosophus “adversus Mathematicos” 1.113, 2nd c.BC: Dionysius Thrax Grammaticus “Supp.” 674.7; ᾱ μακρόν 2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Pronominibus;” 112. 6. ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]
__III neuter with Preps. in adverbial sense, διὰ μακροῦ (i.e. χρόνου) after a long time, long delayed, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 320, “Ph.” 1069 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐ διὰ μακροῦ not long after, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.15, 91, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus Alcaeus2.151b (also of place, οὐ διὰ μ. τῆς Ῥώμης 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 9.56); διὰ μακρῶν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 420.1; διὰ μακρᾶς 3rd-2nd c.BC: Phalaris Epistolographus “Epistulae - Epistolographi” 69.1 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; but διὰ μακρῶν at great length, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 449b, etc.; διὰ μακροτέρων 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.106 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; μικρῷ διὰ μ. at somewhat greater length, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1279b11. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__III.2 ὄλβος οὐκ ἐς μακρὸν ἔρχεται for no long time, [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 3.105 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐς τὰ μακρότατα to the utmost, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.31; see at {μακράν} 11. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.3 ἐπὶ μακρόν far, a long way, πορεύεσθαι [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 5.4.47 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; of Time, [[ 3rd c.BC: Callimachus Epicus “Hymnus in Delum” 255; ὅσον ἐπὶ μακρότατον οἷοί τε ἐγενόμεθα ἐξικέσθαι ἀκοῇ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.16, compare 2.34 (ἐπὶ omitted 1.171 codices)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τοσόνδε ἐπὶ μ. ἐπυθόμην [[ [prev. author] 2.29 ] Refs]; ἐπὶ μακρότερον yet more, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.41. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__IV regular comparative and superlative, see above: irregular comparative μάσσων, superlative μήκιστος, (see entry).
__V adverb -ρῶς at great length, opposed to συντόμως, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1416b4 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; slowly, [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.51.2 ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; μ. ἔχειν τοῖν σκέλοιν have long legs, [[ 2nd-3rd c.AD: Philostratus Sophista “de gymnastica” 31 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; of pronunciation, [[ 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis “de Compositione Verborum” 15; μ. ἐκφέρειν συλλαβήν 1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Strabo Geographus 13.1.68: but the ] Refs 1st c.BC+] adverb is usually expressed by neuter μακρόν or μακρά, compare above [[ 1.3 ] Refs]; μακρὰ κλάειν to howl loudly, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Thesmophoriazusae” 211; οἰμώξει μ. [prev. author] “Av.” 1207, “Pl.” 111; ὀτοτύζεσθαι μ. [prev. author] “Lys.” 520 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τί μακρὰ δεῖ λέγει; [[ 4th c.BC: Antiphanes Comicus 33.5; also by μακράν (see. entry); or by _neuter_ with a _preposition_, see above 111 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]: for comparative and superlative of the adverb, see at {μακροτέρως, μακροτάτω}: neuter plural -ότερα as adverb, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 250c, +others] Refs 5th c.BC+] — Fem. μακρά not to be confused with μάκρα (which see). (Cf. Avest. mas-'long', Latin ma?~Xcer.)
