ὀδῠν-η, ἡ,
pain of body, ὀδύνῃσι κακῇσι τειρόμενος [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.440, compare 415, 17.567; ἀλεγεινή 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.398 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὀδύναι δῦνον μένος Ἀτρείδαο[[ [prev. work] 268; ὀδύνῃσι πεπαρμένος 5.399; ἀντίτομα στερεᾶν ὀδυνᾶν 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 4.221; compare ἕρμα 1.4; στρόφος μ᾽ ἔχει τὴν γαστέρ᾽.. κὠδύνη 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Thesmophoriazusae” 484, compare “Pl.” 1131: also in Prose, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 5.4.58 (_plural_), 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Historia Plantarum” 9.11.3, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__2 pain of mind, grief, distress, once in [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad”, ὀ. Ἡρακλῆος] Refs 8th c.BC+] grief for him, [[ 15.25: more frequently in 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey”, ] Refs 8th c.BC+] always in plural, ὀδύνας τε γόους τε κάλλιπεν [[ 1.242; ὀδύνας ἐμβάλλετε θυμῷ 2.79, +others: after 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus the _plural_ was most common in both senses, ὀ. δυσαπάλλακτοι, ἄλληκτοι, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 959, 986 (both Lyric poetry); ὀδύναις πεφυσιγγωμένοι 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 526 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; opposed to φιλότητες, [[ 5th c.BC: Antipho Sophista 49; σφαδᾳσμῶν τε καὶ ὀδυνῶν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 579e, compare 574a, +others] Refs 5th c.BC+]: but the singularalso occurs, ἐξ ὀλίγης ὀ. μέγα γίνεται ἄλγος [[ 6th c.BC: Solon Lyricus 12.59 ] Refs 6th c.BC+]; γλώσσας ὀ. pain caused by the tongue, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1142, compare 827 (both Lyric poetry), “Tr.” 975 (_anapaest meter_); ὀ. σε εἴληφε 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Symposium” 1.15; ὀ. μ᾽ ἔχει “Lyrica Alexandrina Adespota” 1.3; μετ᾽ ὀδύνης 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 706 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τοῖς νενικημένοις ὀδύνη,=Latin vae victis! [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Camillus” 28. (Perh. from ἐδ- ὀδ- 'eat',compare θυμὸν ἔδων 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.379: the Aeolians called τὰς ὀδύνας ἐδύνας _accusative_ to Greg.Cor. p.597 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus) ] Refs 8th c.BC+]