Ionic dialect οἵη, οἷον, (ὅς) such as, of what sort, relative and indirect interrogative pronoun, correlative to direct interrogative ποῖος, indefinite ποιός, demonstrative τοῖος: ὅσσος ἔην οἷός τε [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.630; ὁσσάτιόν τε καὶ οἷον 5.758: with _accusative_, οἶδ᾽ ἀρετὴν οἷός ἐσσι] Refs 8th c.BC+] what a man for valour, [[ 13.275: frequently to be rendered by an ] Refs] adverb, οἷος πόλεμόνδε μέτεισι as he rushes into war, [[[prev. work] 298, etc.:] Refs] —Usage:
__I οἷος in an independent sentence as an exclamation of astonishment, ὢ πόποι.., οἷον ἔειπες [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.455 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; οἷ. τὸ πῦρ what a fire is this ! [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1256, compare “Pers.” 733, +others; οἷ. εἰργάσασθε 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 450a; οἷ. ἄνδρα λέγεις ἐν κινδύνῳ εἶναι [prev. author] “Tht.” 142b; οἷα ποιεῖς [prev. author] “Euthphr.” 15e, etc.: so in _neuter_ as ] Refs 5th c.BC+] adverb, see below see [[ 1. ] Refs]
__II.3 sometimes in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus οἷος] Refs 8th c.BC+] introduces the reason for saying what is said, ὠκύμορος.. ἔσσεαι, οἷ᾽ ἀγορεύεις [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.95, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.611; αἲ γάρ με θυμὸς ἀνείη ὤμ᾽ ἀποταμνόμενον κρέα ἔδμεναι, οἷα ἔοργας 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.347. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__II.4 οἷα δὴ εἴπας saying so and so, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.86 (compare ὅσος 111.2): later with other Particles, see infr. VI. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.6 never used like adverb οἷον (infr. V. I) with an adjective = how, for in [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.653, οἶσθα.. οἷ. ἐκεῖνος δεινὸς ἀνήρ] Refs 8th c.BC+] = what manner of man, namely dread, compare [[ 15.94, 21.108, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.493, etc. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__II.7 as indefinite, a sort or kind of.., ὁ δ᾽ ἕτερος οἷός ἐστιν οἰκουρὸς μόνον only a kind of watch-dog, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 970 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; so with adjective, ἀφόρητος οἷος.. κρυμός of an intolerable kind, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.28 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; θαυμαστὸς οἷος of a wonderful nature, [[ 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Zeux.” 6 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; οἷος ἔμπειρος πολέμου rather skilled in war, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 2.18 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; οἷον τετανότριχα rather straight-haired, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Euthyphro” 2b ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; frequently with superlative, χωρίον οἷον χαλεπώτατον country of a very difficult kind, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.8.2, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 978, “Ach.” 384, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 23a; ἀνὴρ οἷος κράτιστος 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1165b27; κόλπος οἷος βαθύτατος 2nd-3rd c.AD: Aelianus “De Natura Animalium - Ar.Byzantine Epit.” 14.26: in some of these passages with _superlative_ it is possible to take οἷος as _relative_, supplying δυνατόν,compare ξύμμαχος ἔσομαι οἷος ἂν δύνωμαι ἄριστος “IG” 12.39.28. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III οἷος with infinitive implies fitness or ability for a thing, οὐ γὰρ ἦν ὥρα οἵα τὸ πεδίον ἄρδειν fit for watering, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.3.13, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 487d ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἷοι φιλεῖν, μισεῖν, etc., [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 25.2, etc.: frequently with τοιοῦτος] Refs 4th c.BC+] expressed, τοιοῦτός τις οἷ. διαπονεῖσθαι [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Cratylus” 395a, compare “R.” 415e ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ πρᾶγμα μέγα.. καὶ μὴ οἷ. νεωτέρῳ βουλεύσασθαι not proper for a young man to advise upon, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.12 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: without infinitive, λόγους οἵους εἰς τὰ δικαστήρια [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Euthydemus” 272a. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.b οἷός εἰμι I intend, ἐβιάζετο.. καὶ οἷος ἦν ἐξευρεῖν τὴν θύραν [[ 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator “Fragmenta” 159 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus, compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 4.9, +others, 4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 8.21 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἷος ἦν κατεσθίειν was on the point of eating, [[ 3rd c.BC: Antigonus Carystius Paradoxographus Car. cited in 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 7.345d. ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]
__III.2 more frequently οἷός τε with infinitive, fit or able to do, λιποίμην οἷός τ᾽.. ἀέθλια κάλ᾽ ἀνελέσθαι [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 21.117 (preceded by τοῖον [prev. work] 173), 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.29, 67, 91; λέγειν οἷός τε κἀγώ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 343, compare 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.16, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 8.69, etc. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; inclined to.., [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.90.5, 1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus “Antiquitates Judaicae” 4.6.3: most frequently in _neuter_ _sing._ and _plural_, οἷόν τε [ἐστί]] Refs 2nd c.BC+] it is possible to.., [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.80, etc.; οἷά τε [ἐστί] 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.194, etc.; a _dative_ is sometimes added, μὴ οἷόν τε εἶναι ἐμοὶ κωλῦσαι 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.14. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.3 without infinitive, πάνυ προθύμως ὡς οἷός τ᾽ ἦν ἐπήραξεν [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 314d: but mostly in _neuter_, οἷόν τε [ἐστίν]] Refs 5th c.BC+] it is possible, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 9.9; οὐχ οἷόν τε ἐστίν 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 198, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]: with superlative, καλὸν ὡς οἷόν τε μάλιστα [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 349e; ὡς οἷόν τε σμικρότατα [prev. author] “Prm.” 144b; ὡς οἷόν τε διὰ βραχυτάτων [prev. author] “Grg.” 449d ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: without superlative, φρίττειν.. ποιεῖ ὡς οἷόν τε πάντας [[ [prev. author] “R.” 387c (uncertain reading) ] Refs]; ὡς οἷόν τε sometimes so far as possible, of what cannot be done completely, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 8.75, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1313a39, 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Im.” 3. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__IV sometimes twice in the same clause, οἷ᾽ ἔργα δράσας οἷα λαγχάνει κακά after what deeds what sufferings are his ! [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 751 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἱερῶν οἵαν οἵων χάριν ἠνύσω what thanks for what offerings ! [[ [prev. author] “Tr.” 994, compare 1045, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 144: so in Prose, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 4.5.29, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 195a. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__V as adverb in neuter singular οἷον, in Poets and Ionic dialect Prose also plural οἷα, how, οἷον δή νυ θεοὺς βροτοὶ αἰτιόωνται [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.32, compare 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.601, 13.633, 15.287: also with _adjectives_, οἷον ἐερσήεις] Refs 8th c.BC+] how fresh, [[ 24.419 ] Refs]; οἷον δὴ Μενέλαον ὑπέτρεσας seeing how thou didst shrink from M., [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.587, compare 21.57. (Regul. _adverb_ οἵως is rare, as in 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “ἐπιδημίαι” 6.7.2, _falsa lectio_ in 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 1363 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; οἷος ὢν οἵ. ἔχεις in what a state art thou for such a man! [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 923; οἵως τέ σφ᾽ ἐσάωσα 3rd c.BC: Apollonius Rhodius Epicus 4.786.) ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__V.2 as, just as, οἷον ὅτε.. [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.295: also _neuter_ _plural_ οἷα, οἷά τις.. ἀηδών 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1142 (Lyric poetry), compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 105 (Lyric poetry), etc.: so οἷά τε in 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, οἷά τε ληϊστῆρες 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.73, compare 9.128, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.175: strengthened by Particles, οἷα δή 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.84, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 219e, “R.” 467b; οἷα δή που 2nd-3rd c.AD: Aelianus “De Natura Animalium - Ar.Byzantine Epit.” 1.14 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: later a double form occurs, οἷον ὡς.. [[ 4th c.BC: Demetrius Phalereus Rhetor “Demetrius on Style” 94, Scholia 2nd c.BC: Dionysius Thrax Grammaticus p.113 H.; οἷον ὥσπερ.. 2nd c.AD: Phrynichus Atticista “Praeparatio Sophistica” p.80 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus, uncertain in 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.563f. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__V.2.b as for instance, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Sophista” 218e, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Generatione et Corruptione” 333a11, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἷον τί λέγει; as for example, what do you mean ? [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 207a, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.271, where οἷον is ] Refs 8th c.BC+] adjective
__V.2.d οἷον parenthetically prefixed to any word or phrase, as it were, so to speak, οἷον υἱεῖς γνησίους [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 278a, compare “Cra.” 396a, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 532a6, “GA” 753a33; τῶν οἷον προγυμναζομένων 2nd c.AD: Marcus Antoninus Imperator 6.20; τοῦ οἷον δόγματος 3rd c.AD(?): Diogenes Laertius 9.69 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὴν.. οἷον φάτταν the ring-dove of my parable, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 199b. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__V.2.e οἷον explanatory, that is to say, τὸ νῦν ῥηθησόμενον, οἷον.. what I am about to mention, i.e. , [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Partibus Animalium” 639b6, compare “GC” 333a11, +others ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; κατὰ τὸ μέσον, οἷον κατὰ τὴν συμβολὴν τῶν ἐν αὐτοῖς διαγωνίων in the middle, i. e. at the intersection of their diagonals, [[ 5th c.AD: Proclus Philosophus “Hypotyposis astronomicarum positionum” 3.16, compare 22, 5th c.AD(?): Hesychius Legal icographus see at {οἰοφάγῳ}, +others ] Refs 5th c.AD+]
__V.3 like{ὡς, ἅτε}, with a participle, οἷα ἀπροσδοκήτου κακοῦ γενομένου [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.5, compare 8.95, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 203b. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__V.4 οὐχ οἷον or μὴ οἷον, followed by ἀλλ᾽ οὐδέ or ἀλλὰ μηδέ, not only not.., but not even.., [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 1.20.12, 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 3.18, 1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Rh.” 2.249 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__VI strengthened with various Particles, οἷος δή, see above 11.4: οἱοσδήποτε, οἱαδήποτε, οἱονδήποτε, of such and such a kind, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1114b17 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; οἱοσδηποτοῦν, of whatever kind, [[ 2nd-1st c.BC(?): Hero Mechanicus “*Geometry texts” 12.30, +others, “BGU” 895.28 (2nd c.AD), 7th c.AD: Paulus Aegineta Medicus 6.88 ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; οἱοσδήπως, [[ “OGI” 521.4 (Abydos, 5th-6th c.AD) ] Refs 5th c.AD+]; οἱοσδητισοῦν, [[[prev. work]515.16 (Mylasa, 3rd c.AD) ] Refs 3rd c.AD+]; οἱοσοῦν, [[ 6th c.AD: Justinianus Imperator “Novellae” 30.7.1 ] Refs 6th c.AD+]; οἱοσποτοῦν, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Topica” 146b26 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; οἱοστισοῦν, see reading in [[ 1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 2.76.13. [οῐ is found in 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.275, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.312; and sometimes in Trag., as 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1256 ] Refs 8th c.BC+], especially in the form οἷός τε [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1415, “OC” 262, 803, +others] ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
