and ἡ, ass, once in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.558; then in “IG” 12.40.12, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.135, etc., compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 580b3 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὄνοι οἱ τὰ κέρεα ἔχοντες, together with a number of fabulous animals, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.191, 192; ὄ. μονοκέρατος 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 499b19, “PA” 663a23, compare 2nd-3rd c.AD: Aelianus “De Natura Animalium - Ar.Byzantine Epit.” 3.41:] Refs 5th c.BC+] —frequently in proverbs:
__1 ὄ. λύρας (i.e. ἀκούων), of one who can make nothing of music, [[ 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 527, [prev. author] “Mis.” 18, cf. Varroap. 2nd c.AD: Gellius, Aulus Grammaticus Latinus 3.16.13, 4th-5th c.AD: Diogenianus Paroemiographus 7.33; explained in 15th c.AD: Apostolius Paroemiographus 12.91a, ὄ. λύρας ἤκουε καὶ σάλπιγγος ὗς] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὄ. κάθηται, of one who sits down when caught in the game of ὀστρακίνδα, [[ 2nd c.AD(?): Pollianus Epigrammaticus 9.106, 112 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; the two proverbs combined by [[ 5th c.BC: Cratinus Comicus 229 ὄνοι δ᾽ ἀπωτέρω κάθηνται τῆς λύρας, compare κιθαρίζω. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__2 περὶ ὄνου σκιᾶς for an ass's shadow, i.e. for a trifle, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 191 (see. Scholia), 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 260c; ταῦτα πάντ᾽ ὄνου σκιά 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 331. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__3 ὄνου πόκαι or πόκες, see at {πόκος} [[ 11 ] Refs]; ὄνον κείρεις, of those who attempt the impossible, [[ 2nd c.AD: Zenobius Paroemiographus 5.38. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__4 ἀπ᾽ ὄνου καταπεσεῖν, of one who gets into a scrape by his own clumsiness. with a pun on ἀπὸ νοῦ πεσεῖν, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 1273, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 701d. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__5 ὄνος ὕεται an ass in the rain, of being unmoved by what is said or done, [[ 5th c.BC: Cratinus Comicus 52, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Cephisodorus Comicus 1; ὄνῳ τις ἔλεγε μῦθον, ὁ δὲ τὰ ὦτα ἐκίνει 4th-5th c.AD: Diogenianus Paroemiographus 7.30; ὄ. εἰς Ἀθήνας 15th c.AD: Macarius Paroemiographus “Prov.” 6.31. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__6 ὄ. ἄγω μυστήρια, i.e my part is to carry burdens, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 159. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__9 ὄ. εἰς ἄχυρα, of one who gets what he wants, [[ 4th-5th c.AD: Diogenianus Paroemiographus 6.91; ὄνου γνάθος, of a glutton, [prev. work] 100. ] Refs 4th c.AD+]
__10 ὄ. ἐν μελίσσαις, of one who has got into a scrape, [[ 5th c.BC: Crates Comicus 36 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; but ὄ. ἐν πιθήκοις, of extreme ugliness, [[ 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 402.8 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὄ. ἐν μύρῳ 'a clown at a feast', [[ 10th c.AD: Suidas Legal icographus ] Refs]
__11 εἰς ὄνους ἀφ᾽ ἵππων, of one who has come down in the world, [[ 4th c.AD: Libanius Sophista “Epistulae” 34.2, compare 2nd c.AD: Zenobius Paroemiographus 2.33, etc. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__II a fish of the cod family, especially the hake, Merluccius vulgaris, [[ 5th c.BC: Epicharmus Comicus 67, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 599b33, “fragment” 326, 4th c.AD: Heniochus Comicus 3.3, 2nd-3rd c.AD: Oppianus Anazarbensis Epicus “Halieutica - Poetae Bucolici et Didactici” 1.151, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III wood-louse, κυλισθεὶς ὥς τις ὄ. ἰσόσπριος [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 363, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 557a23 (variant{ὀνίοις}), 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Historia Plantarum” 4.3.6 ] Refs 5th c.BC+], [[5th c.AD(?): Hesychius Legal icographus see at {σηνίκη};compare ὀνίσκος 11, ἴουλος IV. ] Refs 5th c.AD+]
__VII from the ass as a beast of burden the name passed to:
__VII.1 windlass, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.36, 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἀγμῶν” 31, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Mechanica” 853b12. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__VII.2 the upper millstone which turned round, ὄ. ἀλέτης [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.5.5; also ὄ. ἀλετών 2nd c.AD: Alexander Rhetor 13, 204, compare 5th c.AD(?): Hesychius Legal icographus] Refs 5th c.BC+]see entry {μύλη}; perhaps simply, millstone, [[ 3rd c.BC: Herodas Mimographus 6.83: 9th c.AD: Photius Legal icographus, etc. ] Refs 3rd c.BC+] says that Aristotle also calls the fixed nether millstone ὄνος (but [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Problemata” 964b38 says, ὄνου λίθον ἀλοῦντος] Refs 4th c.BC+] when the millstone is grinding stone, as it does when no grist is in the mill).
