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ὀρθός, ή, όν,
straight,
__I in height, upright, standing, [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus ] Refs 8th c.BC+], who commonly joins it with στῆναι, στῆ δ᾽ ὀρθός [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.271, +others, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.111, 9.22 (where it is used of a horse rearing)] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὀρθαὶ τρίχες ἔσταν [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.359, compare 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 540; ὀρθῶν ἑσταότων ἀγορή 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.246; οἱ δ᾽ ἐν νηΐ μ᾽ ἔδησαν.. ὀρθὸν ἐν ἱστοπέδῃ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.179, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 239 (_anapaest meter_); κυρβασίας.. ὀρθὰς εἶχον πεπηγυίας 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.64; ὀρθὸν αἴρεις κάρα 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 496, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὀρθὸν οὖς ἵστησι pricks up his ear, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 27, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; applied to the erect posture of man, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Partibus Animalium” 653a31, +others] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὀ. θηρίον, of man, [[ 4th-3rd c.BC: Philemo Comicus 3 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; of buildings, standing with their walls entire, [τὸ Πάνακτον] ὀρθὸν παραδοῦναι [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.42; ὀρθαὶ κίονες 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 4.267, compare “PLond.” 3.755v. 2 (4th c.AD) ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; of a standing crop, [[[prev. work] 1165.2 (2nd c.AD). ] Refs 2nd c.AD+] adverb, ὀρθῶς ἑστῶτες [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Partibus Animalium” 689b19. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__I.b Geometry texts, at right angles to.., εὐθεῖα πρὸς ἐπίπεδον ὀρθή ἐστιν ὅταν.. [[ 3rd c.BC: Euclides Geometra 11 “Def.” 3. ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]
Close Browse lexicon entries __I.c Astrology texts, ὀρθὰ ζῴδια signs which rise vertically, opposed to πλάγια, [[ 2nd c.AD: Dorotheus Astrologus in “Cat. Codex Astr.” 5 (1). 240. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__II in line, straight (opposed to σκολιός crooked and πλάγιος aslant), ἀντ᾽ ἠελίου τετραμμένος ὀρθός straight, right opposite the sun, [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 727; ὀρθὸν εὐθύνοι βέλος 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Fragmenta - American Journal of Philology” 200 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ποιῶν ὀρθὰ πάντα πρὸς κανόνα [[ “IG” 7.3073.108 (Lebadea, 2nd c.BC)] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; ὀ. τρῶμα longitudinal to the muscle, opposed to ἐπικάρσιος, [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “προρρητικόν” 2.15; ὀρθὸς εἰς ὁδὸν πορεύεται 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1254; εἶμι.. ὀ. ὁδόν 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 945; ὀ. κέλευθον ἰών 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 11.39 ] Refs 6th c.BC+]; ὀρθὴν κελεύεις, i. e. ὀρθὴν ὁδόν με ἰέναι κ., [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 1 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; so ὀρθὴν ἄνω δίωκε (i.e. όδόν) [[ [prev. author] “Th.” 1223 (but ὀρθήν, ={εὐθύς}, 4th c.BC: Hyperides Orator “Fragmenta” 257)] Refs 4th c.BC+]; δι᾽ ὀρθῆς τήνδε ναυκληρεῖς πόλιν (i.e. ὁδοῦ) [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 994; εἰς ὀρθὸν τρέχειν 4th-3rd c.BC: Diphilus Comicus 61.5 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; εἰς ὀρθὸν ἀποδοῦναι to face the front originally held, [[ 1st c.BC: Asclepiodotus Tacticus “Tact.” 10.1; κατ᾽ ὀρθὸν εὐδρομεῖν 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 681 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; also ὀρθᾷ χερί straightway, [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 10(11).4 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὀρθῷ ποδί[[ [prev. work] 13.72, “fragment” 167 ] Refs]; but τιθέναι ὀρθὸν πόδα is probably to put the foot out, as in walking, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 294 (see. κατηρεφής 1), compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 1166. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.2 βλέπειν ὀρθά, opposed to being blind, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 419; ὀρθὸν ἀνέβλεψε ] Refs 5th c.BC+]recovered his sight, [[ Inscriptiones Graecae 14.966 (Rome, 2nd c.AD)] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; ἐξ ὀμμάτων ὀ.. κἀξ ὀρθῆς φρενός [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 528; ὀρθοῖς ὄμμασιν [prev. work] 1385; see at {ὄμμα} 1. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.1 right, safe, prosperous:
__III.1.a partly from signification[[ 1, τοὺς δὲ τομαῖς ἔστασεν ὀρθούς ] Refs]set them up, restored, [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 3.53 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; so ὀρθὸν ἀστάσας (= ἀναστήσας) [[ “IG” 42(1).122.52 (Epid., 4th c.BC)] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἐς ὀρθὸν ἱστάναι τινά [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Supplices” 1230; ὀρθὰν φυλάσσειν Τένεδον 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 11.5; so στάντες τ᾽ ἐς ὀρθὸν καὶ πεσόντες ὕστερον 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 50, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Laches” 181b ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ταύτης ἔπι (i.e. χθονός) πλέοντες ὀρθῆς (the state being represented as a ship) [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 190; ἐν ὀρθῷ κεῖσθαι 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 31.7.1. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.1.b partly from signification [[ 11, κατ᾽ ὀρθὸν ἐξελθεῖν, of prophecies, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 88, compare “OC” 1424 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; κατ᾽ ὀρθὸν οὐρίσαι to speed in prosperous course, [[ [prev. author] “OT” 695 (Lyric poetry). ] Refs]
__III.2 right, true, correct, ἄγγελος, ἀγγελία, νόος, [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 6.90, “P.” 4.279, 10.68; μάρτυρες 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 318 (_anapaest meter_), etc.; γλῶσσα 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 351; ὀρθᾷ φρενί 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 8.24 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὄρθ᾽ ἀκούειν to be rightly, truly called, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 903 (Lyric poetry); κατὰ τὸ ὀ. δικάζειν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.96; ὀ. λόγῳ ] Refs 5th c.BC+]strictly speaking, in very truth, [[ [prev. author] 2.17, 6.68, etc.] Refs]: so in adverb, ὀρθῶς λέγειν [[ [prev. author] 1.51; ὀ. ἔλεξας 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 341; ὀ. φράσαι 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 526; εἴρηκας ὀ. 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 1040; ὀ. φρονεῖν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 1000, 4th c.BC: Archytas Tarentinus Philosophus 1 (so εἰς ὀρθὸν φ. 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 612); ὀ. γνῶναι 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 2.2.8 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὀ. ἔχει it is right, with infinitive, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Euthyphro” 9a; ὀ. ἐνδίκως τ᾽ ἐπώνυμον 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 405, compare 829 (_anapaest meter_)] Refs 5th c.BC+]: in answers, rightly, exactly, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 359e; ὀ. γε 4th-3rd c.BC: Diphilus Comicus 32.18 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: superlative, ὀρθότατα καλεόμενος [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.59; so τὸ ὀρθὸν ἐξείρηκα 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 374 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; φωνεῖν δίκης ἐς ὀρθόν[[ [prev. work] 347; κατ᾽ ὀρθόν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 44b. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.3 true, real, genuine, ὀ. πολιτεῖαι, opposed to παρεκβάσεις, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1279a18, etc.] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὀ. μανία real madness, [[ 2nd-3rd c.AD: Aelianus “De Natura Animalium - Ar.Byzantine Epit.” 11.32, compare 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 11.11. ] Refs 3rd c.BC+] adverb -θῶς really, truly, τοὺς ὀ. φιλομαθεῖς [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 67b; ὁ ὀ. κυβερνήτης [prev. author] “R.” 341c; τὸν ὀ. συγγενῆ 4th-3rd c.BC: Diphilus Comicus 102. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.4 upright, just, ἐμμένειν ὀ. νόμῳ [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 350 (Lyric poetry); τὸ ὀ. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]uprightness, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 540d ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπιστήμη ἐνοῦσα καὶ ὀ. λόγος (see. λόγος IV. I) [[ [prev. author] “Phd.” 73a ] Refs]; ὁ ὀ. λόγος διὰ πάντων ἐρχόμενος (see. λόγος [[ 111.7) 3rd c.BC: Chrysippus Stoicus 3.4 ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ὀ. λόγοι virtues on the intellectual side, [[ 1st c.BC: Philodemus Philosophus “de Pietate - Herkulanische Studien” 8 ] Refs 1st c.BC+]. adverb ὀρθῶς rightly, justly, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.56; ὀ. καὶ δικαίως 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 1.10, “IG” 22.228.14 (4th c.BC), “IPE” 12.32 B 73 (Olbia, 3rd c.BC), etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὀ. καὶ νομίμως [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 7.28. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.5 of persons, 'straight', straightforward, σμικροὶ καὶ οὐκ ὀρθοὶ τὰς ψυχάς [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 173a. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.6 on tiptoe, full of expectation, excited, ὀρθῆς τῆς πόλεως γενομένης διά τι [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 16.7; τὴν Ἑλλάδα ὀρθὴν οὖσαν ἐπί τινι [prev. author] 5.70; ὀ. ἦν ἡ πόλις ἐπὶ τοῖς συμβεβηκόσιν 4th c.BC: Lycurgus Orator 39, compare 4th c.BC: Hyperides Orator “Fragmenta” 39; ὀ. καὶ μετέωροι ταῖς διανοίαις 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 28.17.11; ὀ. καὶ περίφοβος ἦν ἡ πόλις [prev. author] 3.112.6; ὀ. διὰ τὸν φόβον 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 16.84; ὀ. καὶ δραστήριος διὰ τὸ θαρρεῖν 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Philopoemen” 12. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__IV.1 (i.e. ὁδός) see above [[ 11.1. ] Refs]
__IV.2 ὀ. γωνία right angle, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 55b ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; so ὀ. alone, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1098a30, +others; compare ὄρθιος see 1: τέμνειν πρὸς ὀρθάς] Refs 4th c.BC+] to cut at right angles, [[ 3rd c.BC: Euclides Geometra 3.3, +others] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; εἴ τις δείξειεν ὅτι αἱ ὀρθαὶ οὐ συμπίπτουσι.. that right angles do not meet (short for 'that two straight lines making, with a third, interior angles equal to two right angles, etc.'), [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Anthologia Graeca” 0.74a13 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; τὸ δυσὶν ὀρθαῖς the theorem that the angles of a triangle are together equal to two right angles, [[[prev. work]85b5 ] Refs]; ὀρθὸς κῶνος, κύλινδρος, a right cone, cylinder, [[ 3rd c.BC: Archimedes Geometra “περὶ σφαίρας καὶ κυλίνδρου” 1.26, 1.11. ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]
__IV.3 (with or without πτῶσις) nominative, Latin casus rectus, opposed to the oblique cases, [[ 2nd c.BC: Dionysius Thrax Grammaticus 636.3, 1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Strabo Geographus 14.2.28, 2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Pronominibus;” 39.10, +others, 2nd c.AD: Sextus Empiricus Philosophus “adversus Mathematicos” 1.177. ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]
__V ὀρθά active verbs, opposed to ὕπτια (passive) and οὐδέτερα (neuter), [[ 3rd c.BC: Chrysippus Stoicus 2.59. ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]
__VI ὀ. τόνος real or unmodified (compare above [[ 111.3) accent, opposed to ἐγκλινόμενος, 2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Pronominibus;” 36.10, +others; so ὀρθὴ τάσις [prev. work] 54.8, +others (The gloss of 5th c.AD(?): Hesychius Legal icographus, βορθ-αγορίσκοι, ={ὀ}., and the dialect forms of Ὀρθεία (which see), suggest that the word originally had ϝ.) ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
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STEPBible TFLSJ (Translators Formatted full LSJ Bible lexicon), CC BY 4.0, Tyndale House. Greek lexical entries from the full Liddell-Scott-Jones lexicon, formatted by Tyndale House Cambridge for biblical study.
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