and before a consonant οὕτω (but sometimes οὕτως before a consonant, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 63, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 522c, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 23.34, “PPetr.” 2p.20 (3rd c.BC), “PTeb.” 124.18 (2nd c.BC), etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+], and οὕτω before a vowel is found in Epic dialect Poets and _Ionic dialect_ Prose, see near the end); in Attic dialect strengthened
__A οὑτωσί [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 503d, etc.; οὑτωσίν Hdn.Gr. 1.509.2 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; see at {οὗτος Α}:— adverb of οὗτος, in this way or manner, so, thus: οὕτως is antecedent to ὡς, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.178, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.148, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; in Attic dialect also οὕτως ὥσπερ [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 475, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὥσπερ.., οὕτω καὶ.. [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.4.21 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὡσαύτως, ὥσπερ.., οὕτω καὶ.. [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Ion” 534a ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also οὕτως, ὅπως.. [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 330, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.1.2 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; poetry also ὥστε.., οὕτω δὲ.. [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 116 (Lyric poetry): οὕτως] Refs 5th c.BC+] is frequently left out after ὡς, ὡς ἔδοξεν αὐτοῖς, καὶ ἐποίουν ταῦτα [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.1, compare 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 7.45f —In Prose, the _relative_ _pronoun_ frequently follows instead of ὥστε, see infr. III: when two modes are opposed, they are frequently expressed by οὕτω and ἐκείνως, τότε μὲν ἐκείνως, νῦν δ᾽ οὕτω 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 12.172; οὕτω ῥᾷον ἢ 'κείνως 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 370a, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+] —Sts. οὕτω or -ως refers to what follows, thus, as follows, οὕτω χρὴ ποιεῖν: ἐὰν.. [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.2.2; οὑτωσὶ δὲ λογίζεσθε 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.244; οὕτω πως ὑπείληφα [prev. work]269; οὑτωσί πως] Refs 5th c.BC+] followed by a quotation, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 28c ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; καὶ οὕτως even so, even on this supposition, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.10; οὐδ᾽ οὕτως [prev. author] 2.76, 6.89, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 1.14, variant in 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.8.3: strengthened οὕτω δή 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.158; οὕτω γὰρ δή τοι 15.201 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; οὕτω δή τι, see infr. III; also οὕτω που so I ween,[[ 2.116, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.262, etc.; οὕτω πῃ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.373 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὣς ὁ μὲν οὕτως ἐστὶ σόος so in this way is he saved, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.300:] Refs 8th c.BC+] —Phrases:
__A.1 οὕτω δὴ ἔσται so it shall be, ratifying what goes before,[[ 11.348; ἔσσεται οὕτως 16.31, etc.: in Prose οὕτως] Refs] alone in answers, even so, just so, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 1.9; so ἢ οὐχ οὕτω;—οὕτω μὲν οὖν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 551b, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.2 emphatic with the imperative, just, without more ado, ἔρρ᾽ οὕτως [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.498, compare 21.184, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.218, 17.447 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; but, οὕτω νῦν ἀπόπεμπε as you say, [[ 5.146. ] Refs]
__A.3 in wishes or prayers, so, i.e. if you grant my prayer, οὕτως ἔρως σοι.. τελεσφόρος γένοιτο [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 714; οὕτω τί σοι δοίησαν αἱ Μοῦσαι.. τοῦτον.. δεῖρον 3rd c.BC: Herodas Mimographus 3.1 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also in protestations, so, i.e. only if what I say is true, οὕτως ὀναίμην τῶν τέκνων, μισῶ τὸν ἄνδρ᾽ (as in Engl., so help me God, so mote I thrive, etc.) [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Thesmophoriazusae” 469, compare 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus “Ἐπιτρέποντες” 530, 3rd c.BC: Herodas Mimographus 7. 25, 5th c.AD: Aristaenetus Rhetor 2.13 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὕτω.. νομιζοίμην σοφός, ὡς.. [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 520. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.4 in colloquial phrase, beginning a story, οὕτω ποτ᾽ ἦν μῦς καὶ γαλῆ there were once on a time.., [[ [prev. author] “V.” 1182; οὕτως ἦν νεανίσκος [prev. author] “Lys.” 785; ἦν οὕτω δὴ παῖς 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 237b. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.5 οὕτω with genitive, τούτων μὲν οὕτω so much for this, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 950 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; οὕτω καὶ τῶν οἰκονομικῶν (variant{τῷ -κῷ}) so also of.., [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1253b27 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὥσπερ Χαλκὶς.. τῆς Εὐβοίας.. κεῖται, οὕτω Χερρονήσου.. ἡ Καρδιανῶν πόλις as Chalcis in respect of Euboea.., so Cardia in respect of the Chersonese, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 23.182 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; so οὕτως ἔχω τινός or περί τινος, see at {ἔχω} (A) [[ 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus II. 2; also for εἰς τοῦτο, οὕτω δὲ τάρβους.. ἀφικόμην 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 361 codices (uncertain reading). ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.6 ὁ οὕτω καλούμενος, ὀνομαζόμενος, the so-called.., τῶν Ῥιπαίων οὕτω καλουμένων [[ 2nd-3rd c.AD: Aelianus “De Natura Animalium - Ar.Byzantine Epit.” 11.1; τοῦ καὶ ὀνομασθέντος οὕτω ῥήτορος 2nd c.AD: Hermogenes Rhetor “περὶ ἰδεῶν” 2.11 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; Ποταμὸς δῆμος οὕτω καλούμενος P., a deme of that name, [[ 1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Strabo Geographus 9.1.22. ] Refs 1st c.BC+]
__A.7 οὕτω, or οὕτω δή, frequently introduces the apodosis after a protasis, ἐπειδὴ περιελήλυθε ὁ πόλεμος.., οὕτω δὴ Γέλωνος μνῆστις γέγονε [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.158, compare 150, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.131, 2.12, 19, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; especially after parts., ἐν κλιβάνῳ πνίξαντες, οὕτω τρώγουσι, i.e. ἐπειδὰν πνίξωσιν, οὕτω.., [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.92, compare 100; also οὕτω δή [prev. author] 7.174; τὰ ἄλλα καταστρεψάμενος, οὕτως.. στρατεῦσαι ὕστερον 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.96; εἰς τὰ σκληρότατα ἀποβλέποντες, οὕτως ἂν μᾶλλον συννοήσαιμεν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Philebus” 44e, compare “Grg.” 457d, 507e, “Ap.” 29b; so ἔπειτα οὕτως 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 7.1.4 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: so also after the genitive absolutely, ὡς.. τῶν ἡγεμόνων ὑμῖν μὴ μεμπτῶν γεγενημένων, οὕτω τὴν γνώμην ἔχετε [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.15, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.6.11, “An.” 1.3.6, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.II sometimes in a really inferential sense, as we say so for therefore, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 677; οὕτω δή 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 61b, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.III to such an extent, so, so much, so very, so excessively, καλὸς οὕτω [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.169 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; πρυμνόθεν οὕτως so entirely, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 1061 (_anapaest meter_), compare 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.47, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.3.8; οὕτως τι 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 63: frequently followed by ὡς or ὥστε, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.32, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 7.4.3, etc.: sometimes the _relative_ ὅς takes the place of ὥστε, κρήνη οὕτω δή τι ἐοῦσα πικρή, ἣ.. κιρνᾷ (i. e. ὥστε κιρνᾶν) 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.52; οὐκ ἔστιν οὕτω μῶρος ὃς θανεῖν ἐρᾷ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 220 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τίς δ᾽ οὕτως ἄνους ὃς.. ; [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 736, compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 8.44 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also δυσχείμερος αὕτη ἡ.. χώρη οὕτω δή τί ἐστι, ἔνθα (i. e. ὥστε ἐνταῦθα) τοὺς μὲν ὀκτὼ τῶν μηνῶν ἀφόρητος οἷος γίνεται κρυμός [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.28: sometimes no connecting Particle is used, αἱ [κεφαλαὶ] οὕτω δή τι ἰσχυραί, μόγις ἂν λίθῳ παίσας διαρρήξειας] Refs 5th c.BC+] so excessively hard, you could scarcely break them, [[ [prev. author] 3.12. ] Refs]
__A.IV sometimes, like{αὔτως}, with a diminishing power, so, merely so, simply, in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus always μὰψ οὕτω, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.120 (for without μάψ he always uses αὔτως),compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.5; μὴ διὰ μέθης.. ἀλλ᾽ οὕτω πίνοντας πρὸς ἡδονήν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 176e, compare “Grg.” 494e, “Phdr.” 235c, “Tht.” 147c, 158b, 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “de Odoribus” 67, etc.; ἐν συνουσίᾳ καὶ διατριβῇ οὕτως ἰδίᾳ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.71, compare 1.20 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; τοὺς ὀδόντας.. οὕτως ἂν τοῖς δακτύλοις αὐτοῖς.. παρατρίβειν, i.e. without a dentifrice, [[ Diocl. fragment 141; so οὕτω γε ἀπὸ στόματος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 142d; οὕτω ποτέ [prev. author] “Ly.” 216c; οὕτω πως 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 1.20 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also, off-hand, at once, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 464b, etc.; ἁπλῶς οὕτως [prev. author] “Lg.” 633c ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀλλ᾽ οὕτως ἄπει ; so, without a word more.. ? [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1067 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἢ στραφεὶς οὕτως ἴω ; [[ [prev. author] “Ant.” 315, compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Heraclidae” 374 (Lyric poetry); ἐφεξῆς οὑτωσὶ καθεζόμενος 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.119 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὡς οὕτω γ᾽ ἀκοῦσαι at first hearing, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Euthyphro” 3b; so ὥς γε οὑτωσὶ ἀκοῦσαι [prev. author] “Ly.” 216a; ἀκούειν μὲν οὕτως ἁπλῶς [prev. author] “Phlb.” 12c ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐ.. οὕτως ἄπει, = impune, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 680. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.V as Hebraism, οὕτως, = such a person (thing), οὕτως οὐδέποτε εἴδαμεν [[ NT.Mark.2.12, cf. LXX.Gen.29.26, NT.Matt.9.33, NT.Luke.2.48, +others ] LXX+NT]
__B Position of οὕτω or οὕτως, mostly before the word which it limits, but in Poets sometimes after, καλὸς οὕτω [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.169; οὐδέ τι λίην οὕτω νώνυμός ἐστιν 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.239 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἔρημος οὕτω, ἄγαν οὕτω, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 487, 598 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: rarely at the end of a clause, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.255, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.170 (uncertain reading)] Refs 8th c.BC+]: sometimes separated from the word which it limits, οὕτως ἔχει τι δεινόν ; [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 104; οὕτως ἐπὶ δεινὰς ἁρπαγάς 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 391d, compare 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.11 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὕτω δ᾽ ἦν ὁ Φίλιππος ἐν φόβῳ.., ὥστε.. [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.33. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__C Prosody. The last syllable of οὕτω is short before a vowel in [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.169, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.315 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]. The ι of οὑτωσί is always long, see at {οὗτος} [near the start]
