πᾰθ-ημα, ατος, τό,
dative plural παθημάτοις [[ “Comica Adespota” 283 (Aetol. _accusative_ to 12th c.AD: Eustathius Episcopus Thessalonicensis 279.42, 1761.36)] Refs]:—that which befalls one, suffering, misfortune, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 142, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.48, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ π. τοῦ Χριστοῦ the passion of Christ, [[ NT.2Cor.1.5 ] NT]; of good fortune, χαῖρε παθὼν τὸ π. (deification) [[ 5th-6th c.AD: Orphica “Fragmenta” 32f ] Refs 5th c.AD+]: mostly in plural, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.136, etc.; παθήμαθ᾽ ἅπαθον 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 361 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀκούσια π., opposed to ἑκούσια καὶ ἐκ προνοίας ἀδικήματα, [[ 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 1.27 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ δέ μοι π. μαθήματα γέγονε my sufferings have been my lessons [[compare (πάθος 1.2), 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.207, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Thesmophoriazusae” 199, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 222b. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II emotion or condition, affection, π. τῆς ψυχῆς εἶναι τὴν σωφροσύνην, οὐ μάθημα [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 3.1.17, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 79d ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to ποίημα, [[ [prev. author] “Sph.” 248b; τὸ τῆς ἑτέρας χειρὸς π. 3rd c.AD: Plotinus Philosophus 4.9.2 ] Refs 3rd c.AD+]; but in early writers mostly in plural, affections, feelings, opposed to ποιήματα, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 437b; τὰ περὶ τὸ σῶμα π. [prev. author] “Phlb.” 33d; ὅσα διὰ τοῦ σώματος π. ἐπὶ τὴν ψυχὴν τείνει [prev. author] “Tht.” 186c; π. ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ γιγνόμενα [prev. author] “R.” 511d ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; παθήμασιν ὑπηρετεῖν obey the feelings, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1254b24 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; opposed to ἤθη, ἕξεις, [[ [prev. author] “Rh.” 1396b33, compare “Po.” 1449b28. ] Refs]