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πλείων,
πλέων, ὁ, ἡ, neuter πλεῖον, πλέον, πλεῖν, comparative of πολύς (on the forms see entry near the end), more, of number, size, extent, etc., οἱ δὲ μάχονται παυρότεροι πλεόνεσσι [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.739; πλείων μὲν πλεόνων μελέτη 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 380 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐς πλείονας οἰκεῖν govern for the interest of the majority, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.37 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; πλέον᾽ ἔλπομαι λόγον Ὀδυσσέος ἢ πάθαν greater than.., [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 7.21 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸν πλείω λόγον all further speech, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 731; ὁ ὄχλος πλείων καὶ πλείων ἐπέρρει 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 7.5.39 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; πλείω τὸν πλοῦν.. ποιησάμενοι having made the voyage longer, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.39 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ π. βίος a longer life, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 75c; μακροτέρα καὶ π. ὁδός [prev. author] “R.” 435d, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; of Time, longer, π. χρόνος [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.111, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 74; πλέων νὺξ τῶν δύο μοιράων 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.252. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__2 with Article, οἱ πλέονες the greater number, the mass or crowd,[[ 5.673, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.277; οἱ πλεῦνες 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.106, etc.: with _genitive_, τὰς πλεῦνας τῶν γυναικῶν [prev. work] 1 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; the people, opposed to the chief men, [[ [prev. author] 7.149, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.73, 89, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; euphemistic of the dead, ἀνεστηκυῖα παρὰ τῶν πλειόνων [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 1073; εὖτ᾽ ἂν ἵκηαι ἐς πλεόνων “Anthologia Graeca” 11.42 (1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Crinagoras Epigrammaticus)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐς πλεόνων μετοικεσίην[[ [prev. work] 7.731 (1st c.AD: Leonidas Alexandrinus Epigrammaticus)] Refs 1st c.AD+]; τὸ πλεῖον πολέμοιο the greater part of.., [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.165 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὅστις τοῦ πλέονος μέρους χρῄζει, opposed to τοῦ μετρίου, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1211 (Lyric poetry); τοῦ πλέονος ἐλπίδι ὀρέγονται 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.17, compare 92. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II peculiar usages of neuter:
__II.1 as a Noun, more, πλεῦν ἔτι τούτου [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.19, etc.; εἴ τι ἐνορῶ πλέον [prev. author] 1.89 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ δὲ π. nay, what is more, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Supplices” 158 (Musgr. for τί δὲ..)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; to a greater extent, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.90, 7.57, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; πλέον or τὸ πλέον τινός a higher degree of a thing, τίς πλέον τᾶς εὐδαιμονίας φέρε; [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1189 (Lyric poetry); τὸ π. τοῦ χρόνου 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.118, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also τὸ π. ὃ ἀναφέρει the excess which he reports, [[ “PCair.Zen.” 661 (3rd c.BC)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ᾧ πλεῖον the excess, probably in [[ “PPetr.” 2p.42 (3rd c.BC),compare “PCair.Zen.” 742.26 (3rd c.BC)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; πλέον ἔχειν to have the advantage, have the best of it, like{πλεονεκτέω}, with genitive, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.70, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 343d, 349b, etc.; τὸ π. πάντων ἔχειν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.3.18: more fully, μοίρης πλεῖον ἔχειν 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 606; π. τινὸς φέρεσθαι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.29; π. φέρεσθαι τῶν ἄλλων 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 4.4, etc.] Refs 6th c.BC+]; π. ποιεῖν do some good, be successful, βουλοίμην ἂν πλέον τί με ποιῆσαι ἀπολογούμενον [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 19a ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐδὲν π. ποιήσειν, -ῆσαι, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.149, 4.7, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 115c, etc.; παραινοῦσ᾽ οὐδὲν ἐς π. ποιῶ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 918; οὐδὲν π. ὀψοφαγῶν ποιήσεις 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 8.344b; οὐδὲν εἴργασμαι π. 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 284; οὐδὲν π. πρᾶξαι [prev. author] “IA” 1373, 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 4.20, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐδὲν ἐπίσταμαι π. have no superior knowledge, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 161b ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τί πλέο; what more, i.e. what good or use is it? [[ 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.95, etc.; τί π. πλουτεῖν.. πάντων ἀποροῦντα; 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 531; τί σοι π. λυπουμένῃ γένοιτ᾽ ἄ; 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Helena” 322; τί π. ἔστ᾽ εἰς τέκνα πονεῖ; “Supp.epigram” 1.567.1 (Karanis, 3rd c.BC),compare “Anthologia Graeca” 7.261.1 (3rd c.BC(?): Diotimus Epigrammaticus); also οὐδὲν ἦν π. τοῖς πεπονθόσιν 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 19.4 (= 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.7), compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 35.31; ὧν οὐδέν μοι π. γέγονε 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 15.28; οὐδέν γέ σοι π. ἔσται 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 341a; τί τὸ π.; “epigram Gr.” 306 a. 3] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπὶ πλέον as adverb, more, further, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.171, 5.51, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.54, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 261b, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]: with genitive, beyond, ἐπὶ π. τῶν ἄλλων ἰσχύσας [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.9 (but, ἐπὶ τὸ π. ἵκεο μοίσας ] Refs 5th c.BC+]to surpassing height in.., [[ 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 1.20); also ὅταν τις ἐς π. πέσῃ τοῦ θέλοντος 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1219 codices (Lyric poetry)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; περὶ πλείονος ποιεῖσθαι, see at {περί} [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus IV. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__II.2 as adverb, more, rather, π. ἔφερέ οἱ ἡ γνώμη κατεργάσεσθαι τὴν Ἑλλάδα he inclined rather to the belief.., [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.100; οὐ τοῦτο δειμαίνεις π.; 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 41; σέ.. τῶνδ᾽ ἐς πλέον σέβω 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 700; ἢ π. ἢ ἔλαττον 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.125 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ἔλαττον more or less, [[ “BGU” 402.9 (6th c.AD), “IG” 14.177 (from Syracuse)] Refs 6th c.AD+]; also τὸ π., Ionic dialect τὸ πλεῦν, for the most part, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.81, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; αὐτῆς τὸ π. μέτοχός εἰμι have the larger share, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.52 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ π., ={μᾶλλον, οὐ χάριτι τὸ π. ἢ φόβῳ} [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.9, compare 2.37 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐστὶν ὁ πόλεμος οὐχ ὅπλων τὸ π., ἀλλὰ δαπάνης not so much.., as.., [[ [prev. author] 1.83. ] Refs]
__II.2.b with Numerals, τοξότας π. ἢ εἴκοσι μυριάδας [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 2.1.6; οἶκος πλέον ἢ τεττάρων ταλάντων 4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 10.23 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν πλέον ἢ διακοσίοις ἔτεσι variant in [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 24.141 (perhaps πλεῖν, see below)] Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. ἢ ἐν διπλασίῳ χρόνῳ [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 21.3:—in this sense a short form πλεῖν is used by _Attic dialect_ writers (cf. Moer. p.294 ] Refs 5th c.BC+] P., but the rule is not universal,[[compare “IG” 22.657.25 (3rd c.BC), etc.), πλεῖν ἢ τριάκονθ᾽ ἡμέρας 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 858 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; πλεῖν ἢ χιλίας (i.e. δραχμάς) [[ [prev. author] “Eq.” 444; στάδια πλεῖν ἢ χίλια [prev. author] “Av.” 6, compare “Nu.” 1041, 1065, +others; πλεῖν ἤ γε διπλοῦν [prev. author] “Lys.” 589; πλεῖν ἢ 'νιαυτῷ πρεσβύτερος [prev. author] “Ra.” 18, compare 91 ] Refs]; πλεῖν (πλεῖον codices) ἢ πέντε τάλαντα [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.173; πλεῖν ἢ δυοῖν ποδοῖν 4th c.BC: Eubulus Comicus 119.10 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἤ is frequently omitted, πλεῖν ἑξακοσίας [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 1251 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἔτη γεγονὼς πλείω ἑβδομήκοντα variant in [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 17d ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; but δέκα πλείοσιν ἔτεσι for ten years more, [[ [prev. author] “Lg.” 932c; τρεῖς μῆνας καὶ πλείω 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.2.16; λίθους.. ὅσον μνααίους καὶ πλεῖον καὶ μεῖον [prev. author] “Eq.Mag.” 1.16 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: with number in genitive, κώμας.. οὐ πλεῖον εἴκοσι σταδίων ἀπεχούσας [[ [prev. author] “An.” 3.2.34, compare 7.3.12. ] Refs]
__II.2.c Comedy texts, πλεῖν ἢ μαίνομαι more than to madness, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 103, 751. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.2.d plural πλείω used like{πλέον}, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.3, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 417b, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 23.213, etc.; τὰ π. 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.81; πλέω 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 868 codices ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.2.e regular adverb πλειόνως [[ 4th c.BC: Aeneas Tacticus 7.4, 1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus “Antiquitates Judaicae” 17.1.1. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__B FORMS: Epic dialect use πλείων or πλέων as metre requires, also nominative and accusative plural πλέες, πλέᾰς, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.129, 11.395, Callias Epigrammaticus “Aet.Oxy.” 2080.85] Refs 8th c.BC+] (so, with ι from ε, Cretan dialect πλίες, πλίας, [[ “Leg.Gort.” 7.18,24, “GDI” 5125 B 8, also πλίαδ (δὲ) “Leg.Gort.” 7.29, πλίανς [prev. work]5.54] Refs]; πλέας also Aeolic dialect, [[ “IG” 12(2).1.9 (Mytil., 4th c.BC))] Refs 4th c.BC+]; dative plural πλεόνεσσι [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.739 (πλεόνεσιν] Refs 8th c.BC+] is falsa lectio in [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.224); Cretan dialect also _accusative_ _sing._ _neuter_ πλίον “Leg.Gort.” 1.37, +others, _genitive_ πλίονος [prev. work]2.39, +others, _neuter_ _plural_ πλίονα [prev. work]4.51, πλία [prev. work]10.17] Refs 5th c.BC+]; Aeolic dialect πλήων Hdn.Gr.2.431, also late Doric dialect, [[ “IPE” 12.79.18 (Byzant., 1st c.AD)] Refs 1st c.AD+]; Attic dialect Inscrr. have -ει- always before -ου- and -ω-, [[ “IG” 12.76.7, 22.657.25, 2498.22, etc., but -ε- and -ει- before -ο-, [prev. work]12.94.33,40.3,4, 22.2670.4 (but always πλέον). ] Refs]
