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πολύς,
Attic dialect πολλή, πολ; genitive πολλοῦ, ῆς, ou=; dative πολλῷ, ῇ, ; accusative πολύν, πολλήν, πολύ:—Ionic dialect πολλός [[ 6th c.BC: Anacreon Lyricus 43.3 ] Refs 6th c.BC+], πολλή, πολλόν [[ 6th c.BC: Xenophanes Poeta Philosophus 9, 3rd c.AD: Democritus Epigrammaticus 219, 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἀρχαίης ἰητρικῇς” 1, 3rd c.BC: Herodas Mimographus 3.19 ] Refs 6th c.BC+]; also in Trag., [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 86, “Tr.” 1196 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; accusative πολλόν, πολλήν, πολλόν: [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus ] Refs 5th c.BC+] uses the Ionic dialect forms, but codices have πολύν [[ 2.121.δ, 3.57, variant in 6.125, πολύ 2.106, 3.38, 6.72, 7.46, 160 (πολύ also in 1st c.AD(?): Heraclitus 114, 3rd c.AD: Democritus Epigrammaticus 244)] Refs 1st c.AD+]:—both sets of forms are found in Epic dialect, also genitive singular πολέος [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.244, etc.: _nominative_ _plural_ πολέες 2.417, +others] Refs 8th c.BC+], once contraction πολεῖς [[ 11.708; _genitive_ πολέων (_trisyllable_) 5.691, (_disyllable_) 16.655 ] Refs]; dative πολέσι [[ 10.262, +others; πολέσσι 13.452, +others; πολέεσσι 9.73, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.54, 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 119, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; accusative πολέας (trisyllable) [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.126, etc., (_disyllable_) 1.559, 2.4, 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 580 ] Refs 8th c.BC+] (frequently with variant{πολεῖς} [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.66, etc.)] Refs 8th c.BC+]; in later Epic dialect πολέες is used as feminine, [[ 3rd c.BC: Callimachus Epicus “Hymnus in Delum” 28, also πολέας [prev. author] “Dian.” 42, 3rd c.BC: Apollonius Rhodius Epicus 3.21; _neuter_ πολέα 4th c.AD(?): Quintus Smyrnaeus Epicus 1.74 (see. below)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]:—Epic dialect also have πουλύς (once in [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus, “Th.” 190, also 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 509, sometimes _feminine_ in 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, πουλὺν ἐφ᾽ ὑγρήν 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.27, ἠέρα πουλύν 5.776), _neuter_ πουλύ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.387 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; these forms are found in codices of [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus and 2nd c.AD: Aretaeus Medicus (who uses πολύ, πουλύ and πολλόν in _neuter_), but not in 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus:] Refs 5th c.BC+] — Lyric poetry and Trag. (Lyric poetry) sometimes use Epic dialect forms, dative singular πολεῖ [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 745; _nominative_ _plural_ πολέες 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 10.17; _neuter_ πολέα 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 723; πολέων 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Helena” 1332 (_feminine_, 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 5.100); _dative_ _plural_ πολέσι 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Taurica” 1263. [ῠalways.] ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
Close Browse lexicon entries __I of Number, many, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.417, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐκ πολλῶν, opposed to ἐξὀλίγων, [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 447 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; τριηκόντων ἐτέων πόλλ᾽ ἀπολείπων wanting many of thirty years, [[ [prev. author] “Op.” 696; παρῆσάν τινες, καὶ πολλοί γε 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 58d; οὐ πολλοί τινες 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 510: with Nouns of multitude, πουλὺς ὅμιλος 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.109; πλῆθος πολλόν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.141; ἔθνος πολλόν [prev. author] 4.22 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; later πουλὺ.. ἐπ᾽ ἔτος many a year, [[“Anthologia Graeca” 6.235 (Thall.); π. ἦν ὁ καταπλέων 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 15.26.10 ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; of anything often repeated, περὶ σέο λόγος ἀπῖκται π. [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.30; πολλὸν ἦν τοῦτο τὸ ἔπος [prev. author] 2.2, compare 3.137, etc.; πολὺ.. τὸ σὸν ὄνομα διήκει πάντας 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 305; τούτῳ πολλῷ χρήσεται τῷ λόγῳ ] Refs 5th c.BC+]often, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.29 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; τοῦτο ἐπιεικῶς πολὺ νῦν ἐστι is fairly frequent, [[ 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Hist.Conscr.” 15. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__I.2 of Size, Degree, Intensity, much, mighty, ὄμβρος, νιφετός, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.6; π. ὕπνος 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.394; πῦρ.. π. 10.359 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. ὑμέναιος a loud song, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.493 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. ὀρυμαγδός, ῥοῖζος, etc.,[[ 2.810, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.315, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. ἀνάγκη strong necessity, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 1674 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. γέλως, βοή, much or great, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 303, 1149; μωρία [prev. work] 745 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὄλβος, αἰδώς, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 251, “Ag.” 948; ἀσφάλεια 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.11 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀλογία, εὐήθεια, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 67e, “Phdr.” 275c, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__I.2.b rarely of a single person, great, mighty, μέγας καὶ πολλὸς ἐγένεο [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.14, compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 1 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ π. σοφιστής, στρατηγός,[[ Chor. p.23 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus, [prev. author]in “Rev.Phil.” 1.68; ὁ πάντα π. [prev. author] p.27 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ πολύς alone, of Hippocrates, [[ 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 19.530 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; of Trajan, [[ 6th c.AD: Lydus, Joannes Laurentius Historicus “Mag.” 2.28; ῥώμην σώματος πολύς 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 2.42. ] Refs 1st c.BC+]
__I.2.c joined with a Verb, Κύπρις γὰρ οὐ φορητός, ἢν πολλὴ ῥυῇ if she flow with full stream, metaphorically from a river, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 443; θρασυνομένῳ καὶ πολλῷ ῥέοντι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.136 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; from the wind, ὡς π. ἔπνει καὶ λαμπρός was blowing strong and fresh, [[ [prev. author] 25.57, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 760, “Anthologia Graeca” 11.49 (5th c.BC: Evenus Elegiacus)] Refs 5th c.BC+]: generally, with might or force, ὅταν ὁ θεὸς.. ἔλθῃ πολύς [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Bacchae” 300; ἢν π. παρῇ [prev. author] “Or.” 1200; π. καὶ τολμηρὸς ἅνθρωπος 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 40.53: with ] Refs 5th c.BC+]participle and εἰμί, πολλὸς ἦν λισσόμενος was all entreaties, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.91; ἦν πολλὸς ὑπὸ παντὸς ἀνδρὸς αἰνεόμενος [prev. author] 1.98; Ἐτεοκλέης ἂν εἷς π... ὑμνοῖθ᾽ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 6; π. ἐνέκειτο λέγων 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.158; π. τοῖς συμβεβηκόσιν ἔγκειται 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.199; also π. ἦν ἐν τοῖσι λόγοισι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.59; πρὸς ταῖς παρασκευαῖς 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 5.49.7; ἐπὶ τῇ τιμωρίᾳ 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 14.107 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: without a preposition, π. ἦν τοῖς ἐπαίνοις καὶ ἐπαχθής [[ 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 2.41 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. μὲν γὰρ ὁ Φίλιππος ἔσται will be often mentioned, [[ [prev. author] 1.166. ] Refs]
__I.3 of Value or Worth, πολέος δέ οἱ ἄξιος ἔσται [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.562, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.405; πολλοῦ ἄξιος 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.1.28, etc.; πολλῶν ἄξιος 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Pax” 918 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; περὶ πολλοῦ ποιεῖσθαί τι, Latin magni facere,[[compare περί 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus IV] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἐπὶ πολλῷ at a high price, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 8.53; ἐπὶ π. ἐρραθυμηκότες [prev. author] 1.15 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; πολύ ἐστί τι it is worth much, of great conscquence, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 18.7. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__I.4 of Space, large, wide, π. χώρη, πεδίον, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.520, 4.244, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; πόντος, πέλαγος, [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 635, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 635; χῶρος πλατὺς καὶ π. 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.39 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; λίμνη μεγάλη τε καὶ π.[[ [prev. work] 109; π. ἡ Σικελία 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.13; π. ἡ Ἑλλάς 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 78a, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; πολλὸς ἔκειτο he lay outstretched wide, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.156, compare 11.307 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. κέλευθος a far way, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 748 (troch.): without ὁδός, πολλὴ μὲν εἰς Ἡράκλειαν.., πολλὴ δὲ εἰς Χρυσόπολιν.. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 6.3.16: διὰ πολλοῦ, ἐκ πολλοῦ, see infr. IV. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__I.5 of Time, long, χρόνος [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1402 (_anapaest meter_), etc.; πολὺν χρόνον 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.343, etc.; οὐ π. χρ. 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 348, etc.; so πολλοῦ χρόνου 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 98; χρόνῳ πολλῷ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 228 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; διὰ πολλοῦ (i.e. χρόνου) [[ 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Nec.” 15; ἐκ πολλοῦ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.58, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.41 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; πρὸ πολλοῦ long before, [[ 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 14.43; οὐ μετὰ πολύ 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Tox.” 54 ] Refs 1st c.BC+]; ἔτι πολλῆς νυκτός while still quite night, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.101 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; πολλῆς ὥρας late in the day, [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 5.8.3; ἤδη ὥρα πολλή NT.Mark.6.35; ἔτι ἔστιν ἡμέρα πολλή LXX.Gen.29.7. ] NT+2nd c.BC+]
__II.1 with partitive genitive, e.g. πολλοὶ Τρώων, for πολλοὶ Τρῶες, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.271, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; neuter, πολλὸν σαρκός, for πολλὴ σάρξ, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.450 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: in Prose, the adjective generally takes the gender of the genitive, τὸν πολλὸν τοῦ χρόνου [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.24 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τῆς γῆς οὐ πολλήν [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.7; τῆς ἀθάρης πολλήν 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 694; πολλὴν τῆς χώρας 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 3.2.2; ὁ π. τοῦ λόγου 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 44.6 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; see below 3.
__II.2 joined with another adjective, πολλὰ δυστερπῆ κακά [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 277, compare 585 (Lyric poetry), etc.: more frequently joined to another ] Refs 4th c.BC+] adjective by καί, πολέες τε καὶ ἐσθλοί many men and good, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.452, etc.; πολέες τε καὶ ἄλκιμοι 21.586; πολλὰ καὶ ἐσθλά 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.312 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; παλαιά τε πολλά τε[[ [prev. work] 188; ἄκοσμά τε π. τε 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.213; πολλαί γε.. καὶ ἄλλαι 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 363; π. τε καὶ κακά 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.167, etc.; π. κἀγαθά 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Thesmophoriazusae” 351 (but π. ἀγαθά “IG” 12.76.45); π. καὶ ἀνόσια 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 416e; π. καὶ μακάρια [prev. author] “Plt.” 269d; π. καὶ πονηρά 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 2.9.6; πολλά τε καὶ δεινά [prev. author] “An.” 5.5.8; μεγάλα καὶ π. 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 36.22 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. καὶ καλοὺς (assuming variant) κινδύνους, π. καὶ καλὰ παραδείγματα, [[ 4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 1.109. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__II.3 with the Article (in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus ] Refs 8th c.BC+] without the Article, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.483, 5.334, 22.28), of persons or things well known, Ἑλένα μία τὰς πολλάς, τὰς πάνυ π. ψυχὰς ὀλέσασ᾽] Refs 8th c.BC+] those many lives, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1456 (Lyric poetry), compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 845, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.87, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 88a, “Ti.” 54a, NT.Act.26.24 ] NT+5th c.BC+]: with abstract Nouns, τᾶς πολλᾶς ὑγιείας [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1001 (Lyric poetry, uncertain); τὸ πολλόν ] Refs 4th c.BC+]numbers, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.136. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.3.b οἱ π. the many, i.e. the greater number, Ἀθηναῖοι.. ἀπῆλθον οἱ πολλοί [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.126, compare 3.32, etc. (so in _sing._, ὁ πολλὸς λόγος] Refs 5th c.BC+] the prevailing report, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.75); τοῖς π. κριταῖς 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1243: with _genitive_, τοῖς π. βροτῶν [prev. work] 682; οἱ π. τῶν ἀνθρώπων 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.2.24; οἱ πολλοὶ ἅπαντες ] Refs 5th c.BC+]far the most, [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “Aër.” 20 (variant{μάλιστα} for ἅπαντες); for τὰ πολλὰ πάντα, see below 111.1a: hence οἱ πολλοί] Refs 5th c.BC+] the people, the commonalty, opposed to οἱ μείζω κεκτημένοι, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.6 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to οἱ κομψότεροι, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 505b ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἱ π., = Latin plebs, [[ 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 20.36 ] Refs 1st c.BC+]; τῶν πολλῶν εἷς one of the multitude, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.96; also ὁ π. λεώς 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “JTr.” 53, compare “Rh.Pr.” 17; ὁ π. ὅμιλος [prev. author] “Luct.” 2. 2nd c.AD: Herodianus Grammaticus 1.1.1, etc.; ὁ π. δῆμος 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Apol.” 15; ὁ π. ὄχλος 1st c.AD: Philo Judaeus 2.4 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὁ π. alone, = vulgus, variant in [[ 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 2.29 ] Refs 1st c.BC+]; the ordinary man, [[ 4th-3rd c.BC: Epicurus Philosophus “Fragmenta” 478, 1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Rh.” 2.154S.; νίμμα ὁ π. λέγει, ἡμεῖς ἀπόνιπτρον λέγομεν 2nd c.AD: Phrynichus Atticista 170, compare369] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὁ ἐμπαθὴς καὶ π. ἄνθρωπος 'l'homme moyen sensuel', [[ 5th c.AD: Hermias Alexandrinus Philosophus “in Platonis Phaedrum scholia” p.146A. ] Refs 5th c.AD+]; ὁ π. ἄνθρωπος (with plural Verb) the average man, opposed to τὸ ἐξαίρετον, [[ 4th-5th c.AD: Eunapius Historicus “Fragmenta Historica - HGM” p.216 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__II.3.c τὸ πολύ, with genitive, τῆς στρατιῆς τὸ πολλόν [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.100; τὸ π. τοῦ χρόνου 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “Aër.” 20; τῶν λογάδων τὸ π. 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.73; τῶν ὅπλων τὸ π. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 288b; also ὁ στρατὸς ὁ πολλός 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.102; ἡ δύναμις ἡ π. 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.24 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ π. βίοτος the best part of life, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 185 (Lyric poetry). ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.3.d τὰ πολλά the most, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.273, and perhaps 2.58, 17.537 (elsewhere in 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus πολλά,] Refs 8th c.BC+] as substantive, means much riches, great possessions, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.684, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.195); τὰ π. τοῦ πολέμου 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.13 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; πρὸς τὸ τῶν π. μέγεθος in regard to the size of the average, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1363b11. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__II.4 plural πολλά very much, too much, πολλὰ πράσσειν, ={πολυπραγμονεῖν}, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Supplices” 576, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 228; π. ἔπαθεν 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 13.63, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ἔρξαι τινά to do one much harm, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 923 (Lyric poetry). ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__II.5 πολλάς with Verbs of beating (πληγάς being omitted), see at {πληγή} [[ 1. ] Refs]
__II.6 πολύς repeated, ἦ πολλὰ πολλοῖς εἰμι διάφορος βροτῶν [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 579, compare 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 451; τὰ μὲν οὖν πολλὰ πολλοῦ χρόνου διηγήσασθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 615a, etc.; πολλοῦ πολύς, see below 111.1b: with _adverbs_ πολλάκις, πολλαχῇ, etc. (which see, compare 111.1 e). ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.a neuter πολύ (Ionic dialect πολλόν), πολλά, much, πόλλ᾽ ἀεκαζομένη [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.458, etc.; strengthened, μάλα πολλά 8.22, +others; πάνυ πολύ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus Alcaeus1.119c; πολύ τι [prev. author] “R.” 484d ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; especially of repetition, often, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.798, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.29, 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 322 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; so of earnest commands and entreaties, πολλὰ κελεύων, πόλλ᾽ ἐπέτελλον, πολλὰ λισσομένη, πολλὰ μάλ᾽ εὐχομένω, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.528, 11.782, 5.358, 9.183 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: with the Article, τὸ πολύ for the most part, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 315a, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+] (but with numerals, at most, Vett.[[ Val. 9.5); ὡς τὸ π. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.1.10, etc.; τὰ πολλά 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.13, 2.11, 87, etc.; ὡς τὰ π. [prev. author] 5.65, etc.; τὰ π. πάντα 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.203, 2.35, 5.67. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.b of Degree, far, very much, ἀπέφυγε πολλὸν τοὺς διώκοντας [[ [prev. author] 6.82: also _absolutely_ _genitive_ πολλοῦ] Refs] very, θρασὺς εἶ πολλοῦ [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 915, compare 5th c.BC: Eupolis Comicus 74; πολλοῦ δύνασθαι 4th c.AD: Alciphro Epistolographus 1.9 (assuming variant)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; πολλοῦ πολύς, πολλὴ πολλοῦ, much too much, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 822, “Ra.” 1046. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.c of Space, a great way, far, οὐ πολλόν [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.104; πολὺ οὐκ ἐξῄεσαν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.15, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.d of Time, long, ὡς πολλὸν τοῦτο ἐγίνετο [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.126, compare 6.129. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.e of Probability, ἐὰν πολλὰ πολλῶν τέκῃς, perhaps ={ἐὰν πολλάκις τέκῃς},[[ “POxy.” 744.9 1st c.BC-1st c.AD] Refs 1st c.BC+]; ἐάν τι πολλὰ πολλάκις πάθω [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 1105. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.2 πολύ is frequently joined with adjectives and adverbs,
__III.2.a with a comparative to increase its comparative force, πολὺ μεῖζον, πολλὸν παυρότεροι, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.167, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.17 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; πολὺ μᾶλλον much more, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.700 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; πολύ τι μᾶλλον falsa lectio in [[ 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis “de Compositione Verborum” 4 (p.22 U.-R.): with words, esp. Preps., between πολύ and its ] Refs 1st c.BC+] adjective, π. ἐν πλέονι, π. ἐπὶ δεινοτέρῳ,[[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.35, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 589e; πολὺ ἔτι ἐκ λαμπροτέρων [prev. author] “Phd.” 110c; π. σὺν φρονήματι μείζονι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 3.1.22, compare 3.2.30, “Smp.” 1.4 (but the _preposition_ frequently comes first, ἐκ π. ἐλάττονος 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.109, etc.)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; so πολλῷ is frequently used with the comparative, by far, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 337, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.134, etc.; π. μᾶλλον 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1159, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 80e ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐ πολλῷ τεῳ ἀσθενέστερον not a great deal weaker, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.181, compare 2.48, 67, etc.: πολύ with all words implying comparison, πολὺ πρίν] Refs 5th c.BC+] much sooner, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.250; π. πρό 4.373 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: with the comp. Verb φθάνω, ἦ κε πολὺ φθαίη [[ 13.815; so πολὺ προβέβηκας ἁπάντων, πολὺ προμάχεσθαι ἁπάντων, 6.125, 11.217; προὔλαβε πολλῷ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.80: with βούλομαι,] Refs 5th c.BC+] = prefer, ἡμῖν πολὺ βούλεται ἢ Δαναοῖσι νίκην [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.331, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.404 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; πολύ γε in answers, after a comparative or superlative, ἀργὸς.. γενήσεται μᾶλλο; Answ. πολύ γε [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 421d, compare 387e, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.2.b with a superlative, πολὺ πρώτιστος, πολλὸν ἄριστος, far the first, etc., [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.702, 1.91, etc.; προθυμία π. τολμηροτάτη 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.74, etc.; πολλόν τι μάλιστα 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.56; π. δή, π. δὴ γυναῖκ᾽ ἀρίσταν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 442 (Lyric poetry), compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 539, 4th c.BC: Archestratus Epicus “fragment” 34.9; also πολλῷ πλεῖστοι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.92.έ, 8.42; π. μεγίστους [prev. author] 4.82. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__III.2.c with a Positive, to add force to the adjective, ὦ πολλὰ μὲν τάλαινα, πολλὰ δ᾽ αὖ σοφή [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1295; also ἐς πόλλ᾽ ἀθλία πέφυκ᾽ ἐγώ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 619 (troch.); πολὺ ἀφόρητος 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “DMeretr.” 9.3 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; compare πλεῖστος.
__IV.1 διὰ πολλοῦ at a great interval of Space or Time, see at {διά} [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus 1.5, 11.2. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__IV.2 εἰς πολύ for a long time, [[ 3rd c.AD: Plotinus Philosophus 2.1.3. ] Refs 3rd c.AD+]
__IV.3 ἐκ πολλοῦ from a great distance, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.32, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; for a long time, see at {ἐκ} [[ II.1. ] Refs]
__IV.4.a over a great space, far, οὐκ ἐπὶ πολλόν [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.32 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπὶ π. τῆς θαλάσσης, τῆς χώρας, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.50, 4.3, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; to a great extent, [[ [prev. author] 1.6, 18, 3.83; compare ποιέω 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 11.2. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__IV.4.b for a long time, long, [[ [prev. author] 5.16; τῆς ἡμέρας ἐπὶ π. [prev. author] 7.38, compare 39. ] Refs]
__IV.4.c ὡς ἐπὶ π. very generally,[[ [prev. author] 1.12 (variant), 4th c.BC: Archytas Tarentinus Philosophus cited in 5th c.AD: Stobaeus, Joannes 3.1.195; ] Refs 4th c.BC+] ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ π. for the most part, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.13, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 294e, etc.; μὴ καθ᾽ ἓν ἕκαστον, ἀλλ᾽ ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ π. 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.154; τό γ᾽ ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ π. [prev. author] 8.35. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__IV.5 παρὰ πολύ by far, see at {παρά} C.111.5.
__IV.6 περὶ πολλοῦ, see above [[ 1.3. ] Refs]
__IV.7 πρὸ πολλοῦ far before, τῆς πόλεως [[ 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 9.35 ] Refs 1st c.BC+]; also of Time, οὐ πρὸ π. not long before, [[ [prev. author] 5.62. ] Refs]
__IV.8 σὺν πολλῷ in no small degree, only too much or too well, [[ 3rd c.AD: Heliodorus Scriptor Eroticus 2.8, 9.20, 10.9 (compare “CR” 41.53). ] Refs 3rd c.AD+]
__V for comparative πλείων, πλέων, superlative πλεῖστος, (see entry). (Cf. Sanskrit purú-, Gothic filu 'much'.)
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STEPBible TFLSJ (Translators Formatted full LSJ Bible lexicon), CC BY 4.0, Tyndale House. Greek lexical entries from the full Liddell-Scott-Jones lexicon, formatted by Tyndale House Cambridge for biblical study.
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