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πρίν,
adverb and conjunction, before, until. [πρῐν 19 [[ times in 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.344, +others] Refs 8th c.BC+]; πρῑν in [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.81, 13.172, +others] Refs 8th c.BC+]; once written πρείν, [[ “Leg.Gort.” 7.40] Refs], but πρίν [[ “IG” 12.60.11, 94.9, 114.46, etc.] Refs]; Trag. and Comedy texts always πρῐν (πρίν γ᾽ must be read in [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 176).] ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A adverb of Time, before, either in the sense of sooner or in that of formerly, erst (implying duration up to a certain time):
__I of future time, with future Indic., πρίν μιν καὶ γῆρας ἔπεισιν [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.29, compare 18.283, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.198, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]: with Subj. = future, πρὶν καὶ κακὸν ἄλλο πάθῃσθα [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.551 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: with Opt. and κεν, πρίν κεν ἀνιηθεὶς σὴν πατρίδα γαῖαν ἵκοιο [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.117, compare 11.330, 14.155, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Pax” 1076, 1112: with Opt., 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.800: with Imper., 9.250: with Inf. (expressing a wish), 2.413, (expressing an oath) 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.254. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__II of past time,
__II.1 formerly, once, πρὶν μέν μοι ὑπέσχετο.., νῦν δὲ.. [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.112, variant in 9.19, compare 23.827; πρὶν μὲν πόσιν ἐσθλὸν ἀπώλεσα 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.724, compare 3.408. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
Close Browse lexicon entries __II.2 formerly (up to a certain point), before, in this sense frequently with Article, τὸ πρίν γ᾽ ἐκέκαστο [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.54; τὸ πρίν γε.., νῦν δὲ.. 13.105; νῦν δὲ.. τὸ πρίν γε 16.208, compare 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 443, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.129: without _Article_, τὰς ἐπιστήμας ἅς ποτε καὶ π. εἴχομεν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 75e: with ellipsis of ] Refs 8th c.BC+]participle γενόμενος, τὰ π. πελώρια (i.e. γενόμενα) the giants of old, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 151 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 4th c.BC+]; τοῦ π. Αἰγέως Aegeus gone before, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 69; ἐν τῷ π. χρόνῳ [prev. author] “Ph.” 1224; ἐν τοῖς π. λόγοις 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.62 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: with participle expressed, τὸ π. γενόμενον τέρας [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.37; τοὺς πρὶν φυλαττομένους 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 547c, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.3 hitherto, π. μέν.. [[ 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 12.114 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; until that time, and so meanwhile, [[ [prev. author] 15.13. ] Refs]
__II.4 sometimes followed by genitive, π. ὥρας [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 4.43; π. ἀνηκέστου πάθους 1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus “Bellum Judaicum” 1.6.1; π. γενέσεως 2nd c.AD(?): Theodotion LXX “Su.” 42; π. τῆς συνόδου 2nd c.AD: Sextus Empiricus Philosophus “adversus Mathematicos” 9.371; π. φάους 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Anabasis” 3.18.6 ] LXX+5th c.BC+]; π. τοῦ βλέψαι, π. τοῦ ἀποθανεῖν, [[ 2nd c.AD: Sextus Empiricus Philosophus “Πυρρώνειοι ὑποτυπώσεις” 7.162, variant in LXX.Tob.14.15 ] LXX+2nd c.AD+]; also πρὶν οὗ with infinitive, [[ “SIG” 953.16 (Calymna, 2nd c.BC)] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; with indicative, Test. cited in [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 46.21. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__B conjunction before, ere: frequently following an antecedent clause with adverbial π. (chiefly in Epic dialect), or its equivalents πρότερον, πρόσθεν, πάρος (poetry), especially with negative, οὐδὲ π..., π... [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.98, 7.481, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.475; μὴ π..., π... 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.355, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hercules Furens” 605; π..., π... 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.348, 8.453, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.586; οὐ πρότερον.., π... 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 620, 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 4.17, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 9.61; μὴ πρότερον.. π... 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 199 (_anapaest meter_), 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 62c, 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.10; πρότερον.., π... 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 4.1, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 5.2.9; οὐ πρόσθεν.., π... 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.9, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.4.23; μὴ πρόσθεν.., π... [prev. author] “An.” 1.1.10; πρόσθε., π. τυχεῖν 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 2.92; οὐ πάρος.., π... 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.128, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.219 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; preceded by φθάνω,[[ 16.322, 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 1.29, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.79, 104, 6.97, 8.12, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.1.21, “Cyr.” 2.4.25; sometimes followed by ἤ, οὐ.. πρίν γ᾽ ἀποπαύσεσθαι πρίν γ᾽ ἢ ἕτερόν γε πεσόντα αἵματος ἆσαι Ἄρηα 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.288, compare 22.266, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.136, 165, +others] Refs 8th c.BC+]; uncertain and perhaps always corrupt in Attic dialect and [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.61, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 6.11, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.19 (variant), 4th c.BC: Lycurgus Orator 128, 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 2.132 (variant), 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.4.23, “An.” 4.5.1 ] Refs 5th c.BC+], but frequently in later Greek, [[ LXX.Gen.29.26, etc. ] LXX]
__B.I with infinitive, the prevailing construction in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, after positive and negative clauses alike: in _Attic dialect_ mostly after positive clauses, and always used with them when the action does not or is not to take place: the tense is, ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__B.I.a after a positive clause, ναῖε δὲ Πήδαιον, πρὶν ἐλθεῖν υἷας Ἀχαιῶν [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.172, compare 8.453, 16.322, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.210; Ζεὺς ὀλέσειε βίην, πρὶν ἥβης μέτρον ἱκέσθαι 4.668, compare 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.465, 24.245, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 2.92.3.9, “N.” 8.19, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.119, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 712, “Ag.” 1539 (_anapaest meter_). 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 120 (Lyric poetry), “Tr.” 396, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 281, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 258, +others, 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.67, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.125, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.1.7, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 350b, +others] Refs 8th c.BC+]; after negative questions which expect a positive answer, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 1069, “Ion” 524, “Rh.” 684, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 481, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.I.b after a negative clause, οὐδ᾽ ὅ γε πρὶν Δαναοῖσιν ἀεικέα λοιγὸν ἀπώσει, πρίν γ᾽ ἀπὸ πατρὶ φίλῳ δόμεναι ἑλικώπιδα κούρην [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.98, compare 19.423, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.128, 4.747: after 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus a negative antecedent is commonly followed by πρίν with finite Verb (see. below 11)] Refs 8th c.BC+]; but Inf. is found where π. precedes, π. ἰδεῖν δ᾽, οὐδεὶς μάντις [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1419 (_anapaest meter_); π. μὲν γὰρ κριθῆναι, οὐ ῥᾴδιον ἦν εἰδέναι τὰς αἰτίας 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 4.8; π. νικῆσαι.., οὐκ ἦν.. 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 19.28; π. δὲ ταῦτα πρᾶξαι, μὴ σκοπεῖτε 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 3.12, compare 4th c.BC: Lycurgus Orator 135; also, οὔτε.. π. ἱδρῶσαι δεῖπνον ᾑρεῖτο 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.1.38 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also after Verbs of fearing (the positive being the thing dreaded), ὅταν.. δεδίωσι μὴ πρότερόν τι μάθῃς, π. τέλος ἐπιθεῖναι τοῖς πραττομένοις [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 5.70, compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 453.6, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 632 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; in unfulfilled conditions and wishes, οὔθ᾽ ὁ Πλούτωνος κύων οὔθ᾽ οὑπὶ κώπῃ ψυχοπομπὸς ἂν Χάρων ἔσχον π. εἰς φῶς σὸν καταστῆσαι βίον [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 362, compare “Rh.” 61 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; otherwise not common, ὤφθην οὐδεπώποτε π. ταύτην τὴν συμφορὰν γενέσθαι [[ 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 19.55; οὐδὲ παύσεται χόλου.., π. κατασκῆψαί τινα 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 94, compare “HF” 605; καί μοι μὴ θορυβήσῃ μηδεὶς π. ἀκοῦσαι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 5.15, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 4.24: after _negative_ _optative_ with ἄν, οὕτω γένοιτ᾽ ἂν οὐδ᾽ ἂν ἔκβασις στρατοῦ καλή, π. ὅρμῳ ναῦν θρασυνθῆναι a. “Supp.” 772, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 769e: after a past tense (in indirect speech), ὤμοσαν μὴ π. ἐς Φώκαιαν ἥξειν, π. ἢ τὸν μύδρον τοῦτον ἀναφανῆναι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.165, compare 4.9, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.50, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 6.5.23, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 61a. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.I.2 also present, to convey a special sense of continuance, effort, or the like, 'before undertaking to', 'before proceeding to', π. ἐξοπλίζειν Ἄρη [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 702 (Lyric poetry), compare “Ag.” 1067; π. νυν τὰ πλείον᾽ ἱστορεῖν.., ἔξελθε 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 36, compare “El.” 20; π. κλαίειν τινά 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 577, compare “Or.” 1095; π. λέγειν 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Thesmophoriazusae” 380, compare “Ach.” 383, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.3, 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 4.1, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.24, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 666a, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 2.4.25, “Mem.” 1.2.40, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.I.3 also perfect, after a future, π. τόδ᾽ ἐξηντληκέναι [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 79 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; after present or imperfect, [[ [prev. author] “El.” 1069, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.25; π..., τί μέλλετ᾽..; 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 1145; π. καὶ τεθύσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 1034, compare “V.” 1156, “Pax” 375, “Lys.” 322 (Lyric poetry), “Ra.” 1185, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.1.21, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 164c, “Prt.” 320a, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; with ἥκειν in perfect sense, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.116; οὐ βουλόμενος διαγωνίσασθαι π. οἱ τοὺς βοηθοὺς ἥκειν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.10. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.II with a finite Verb:
__B.II.1 with Ind., chiefly aorist: not in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus (first in “hymnus ad Apollinem” 357), who uses Ind. only with πρίν γ᾽ ὅτε, πρίν γ᾽ ὅτε δή,] Refs 8th c.BC+] after both positive and negative clauses, ἠλώμην.., πρίν γ᾽ ὅτε.. ἤγαγες [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.322; πρίν γ᾽ ὅτε δή με.. κάλεσσεν 23.43, compare 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.437; οὐδέ κεν ἡμέας ἄλλο διέκρινεν.., πρίν γ᾽ ὅτε δὴ θανάτοιο.. νέφος ἀμφεκάλυψεν 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.180: rarely with ] Refs 8th c.BC+]imperfect, οὐδ᾽ ὧς τοῦ θυμὸν.. ἔπειθον, πρίν γ᾽ ὅτε δὴ θάλαμος πύκ᾽ ἐβάλλετο (began to be hit) [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.588: frequently after 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, with ] Refs 8th c.BC+]aorist,
__B.II.1.a after negative clauses: of a fact in the past, οὐκ ἦν ἀλέξημ᾽ οὐδὲν.., πρίν γ᾽ ἐγώ σφισιν ἔδειξα [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 481; οὐ πρότερον ἀπανέστη.. Μαρδόνιος, πρὶν ἤ σφεας ὑποχειρίους ἐποιήσατο 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.45 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀλλ᾽ οὐδ᾽ ὣς.. ἠξίωσαν νεώτερόν τι ποιεῖν ἐς αὐτο᾽ν.., πρίν γε δὴ αὐτοῖς.. μηνυτὴς γίγνεται (historical present = aorist) [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.132, compare 3.101, 5.61, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.79, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 700, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.4.23, 4.5.13 (historical _present_), “HG” 5.4.58, etc.; once in 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus, “Phdr.” 266a ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; as part of an unfulfilled condition, οὐκ ἂν κατέσχε δῆμον οὐδ᾽ ἐπαύσατο π. ἀνταράξας πῖαρ ἐξεῖλεν γάλα [[ 6th c.BC: Solon Lyricus cited in 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ἀθηναίων Πολιτεία” 12.5; οὐκ ἂν ἐσκεψάμεθα πρότερον.., πρὶν ἐζητήσαμεν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Meno” 86d, compare “Tht.” 165e; χρῆν τοίνυν Αεπτίνην μὴ πρότερον τιθέναι τὸν ἑαυτοῦ νόμον, πρὶν τοῦτον ἔλυσε γραψάμενος 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 20.96 ] Refs 6th c.BC+]; after verbs implying a negative, ἀμφιγνοεῖν [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.5.33, θαυμάζειν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.51, λανθάνειν [prev. author] 3.29 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also with imperfect, οὔπω ᾔδει.. π. ἐν τῷ κακῷ ἦν [[ 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 1.19, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 4.17, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 9.61. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.II.1.b after positive clauses (both combined, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 481, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.118)] Refs 5th c.BC+], with the sense until, ἠγόμην δ᾽ ἀνὴρ ἀστῶν μέγιστος.., πρίν μοι τύχη τοιάδ᾽ ἐπέστη [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 776 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; σπουδαὶ δὲ λόγων ἦσαν ἴσαι πως, πρὶν.. πείθει (historical present) [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 131 (_anapaest meter_); πρίν γ᾽ ὁρᾷ [prev. author] “Med.” 1173; frequently followed by δή, π. δή τις ἐφθέγξατο [prev. author] “Andr.” 1147 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ περὶ τοὺς ἀγῶνας κατελύθη (negative idea) ὑπὸ ξυμφορῶν, πρὶν δὴ οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι τότε τὸν ἀγῶνα ἐποίησαν [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.104, compare 7.39 (historical _present_), 71. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.II.2 with Subj. only after negatives or equivalent of negative, ={ἕως} or ἢν μή (in [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.173 ἢν μή and πρὶν ἄν are used almost as synonyms)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐ καταδυσόμεθ᾽, ἀχνύμενοί περ.., πρὶν μόρσιμον ἦμαρ ἐπέλθῃ [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.175; μή πω καταδύσεο.., πρίν γ᾽ ἐμὲ.. ἴδηαι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.135, compare 190, 24.781; ἀλλ᾽ ὄμοσον μὴ μητρὶ φίλῃ τάδε μυθήσασθαι, πρίν γ᾽ ὅτ᾽ ἂν ἑνδεκάτη τε δυωδεκάτη τε γένηται 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.374, compare 4.477: in Prose usually πρὶν ἄν (πρίν κα “Berl.Sitzb.” 1927.161 (from Cyrene)), rarely π. alone, as also πρὶν ἤ: ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__B.II.2.a generally with aorist, to express an action preceding the action of the antecedent clause, the Verb in which is future (or some equivalent of the future) or imperative, οὐ γαμέεται παρθένος οὐδεμία, πρὶν ἂν τῶν πολεμίων ἄνδρα ἀποκτείνῃ [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.117, compare 1.82 (variant), 3.109 (variant)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; νῦν δ᾽ οὐδέν ἐστι τέρμα μοι προκείμενον μόχθων (the sense here is future), πρὶν ἂν Ζεὺς ἐκπέσῃ τυραννίδος [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 756, compare 166 (Lyric poetry), 177 (_anapaest meter_)] Refs 4th c.BC+]; οὐ γάρ ποτ᾽ ἔξει τῆσδε τῆς χώρας, πρὶν ἂν.. στήσῃς ἄγων [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 909, compare 48, 1041, “OT” 1529, etc.; οὐκ ἂν ἐκμάθοις.., πρὶν ἂν θάνῃ τις [prev. author] “Tr.” 2; οὐκ ἄπειμι πρὸς δόμους πάλιν, πρὶν ἄν σε.. ἔξω βάλω 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 276, compare 680, Alcaeus1145, “IA” 324, “IT” 19, 1302; μὴ προκαταγίγνωσκε.., π. ἄν γ᾽ ἀκούσῃς ἀμφοτέρων 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 920, compare “Ach.” 176, 230, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Hiero” 6.13, “Cyr.” 1.2.8, “An.” 1. 1.10, 5.7.12, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 228c, “La.” 187e (ἂν added in later codices), etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; μηδέν᾽ ὀλβίζειν π. ἀ᾽ν τέρμα τοῦ βίου περάσῃ [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1529 (troch.); οὐχὶ μὴ παύσησθε, π. ἄν.. ὑμᾶς τις ἐκτραχηλίσῃ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Lysistrata” 704: π. without ἄν, μὴ στέναζε, π. μάθῃς 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 917, compare “Ant.” 619 (Lyric poetry), “Aj.” 742, 965, “Tr.” 608, 946; οὐκ ἔστιν ὅστις αὐτὸν ἐξαιρήσεται.., π. γυναῖκ᾽ ἐμοὶ μεθῇ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 849, compare “Or.” 1218, 1357 (Lyric poetry); π. χαρίσωνται 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 629 (assuming variant); οὐ γὰρ δή σφεας ἀπίει τῆς ἀποικίης, πρὶν δὴ ἀπίκωνται 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.157; π. διαγνῶσι 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.29; π... βεβαιωσώμεθα [prev. work] 10 (uncertain reading)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; πρὶν ἀνάγκην τινὰ θεὸς ἐπιπέμψῃ [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 62c codices; π. ἐξετάσωσιν 4th c.BC: Hyperides Orator “pro Euxenippo” 4: πρὶν ἤ (never with ἄν), π. ἢ ἀνορθώσωσι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.19, compare 136, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 57b, etc.: with _negative_ implied, ὁ δὲ ἀδικέει ἀναπειθόμενος π. ἢ ἀτρεκέως ἐκμάθῃ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.10. ; αἰσχρὸν ἡγοῦμαι πρότερον παύσασθαι, π. ἂν.. ψηφίσησθε 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 22.4; ὅστις οὖν οἴεται τοὺς ἄλλους πράξειν τι.., π. ἂν.. διαλλάξῃ, λίαν ἁπλῶς ἔχει 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.16 (where ὅστις οὖν οἴεται ={οὐ δεῖ οὔεσθαι}, as is shown by ἀλλὰ δεῖ] Refs 5th c.BC+] in the next sentence,[[compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 38.24). ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__B.II.2.b less frequently (never in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus) with ] Refs 8th c.BC+]present subjunctive: μήπω π. ἂν τῶν ἡμετέρων ἀΐῃς (the Verb has no aorist) μύθων [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1409 (_anapaest meter_); ὁ νομοθέτης τὰ διδασκαλεῖα ἀνοίγειν ἀπαγορεύει μὴ πρότερον π. ἂν ὁ ἥλιος ἀνίσχῃ 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.10, compare 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 1.29, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 2.2.8, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 271c. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.II.3.a representing subjunctive after historical tenses, οὐκ ἔθελεν φεύγειν π. πειρήσαιτ᾽ Ἀχιλῆος [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.580 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; πρίν γ᾽ ὅτε, as with subjunctive,[[ 9.488; ἔδοξέ μοι μὴ σῖγα π. φράσαιμί σοι τὸν πλοῦν ποεῖσθαι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 551, compare 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.22, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.4.14, “HG” 6.5.19 (compare 2.4.18), “An.” 1.2.2, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 36c, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.II.3.b by assimilation, ὄλοιο μήπω π. μάθοιμι [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 961, compare “Tr.” 657 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐδὲ γὰρ εἰδείης (potential optative).. π. πειρηθείης [[ 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 126; after _optative_ with ἄν, οὐκ ἂν πρότερον ὁρμήσειε π. βεβαιώσαιτο 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 799d, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 505 (Lyric poetry). ] Refs 6th c.BC+]
__B.II.4 π. ἄν with optative is doubtful, and (if not corrupt) due to the change required by indirect speech, ἀπαγορευόντων τῶν φίλων τῶν ἐμῶν μὴ ἀποκτείνειν τὸν ἄνδρα, πρὶν ἄν ἐγὼ ἔλθοιμι [[ 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.34 (assuming variant), compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.3.48, 2.4.18. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.II.5 without a Verb, πρὶν ὥρη (i.e. γένηται) [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.394. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
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STEPBible TFLSJ (Translators Formatted full LSJ Bible lexicon), CC BY 4.0, Tyndale House. Greek lexical entries from the full Liddell-Scott-Jones lexicon, formatted by Tyndale House Cambridge for biblical study.
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