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πρός,
preposition, expressing direction,
__A on the side of, in the direction of, hence with genitive, dative, and accusative, from, at, to: Epic dialect also προτί and ποτί, in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus ] Refs 8th c.BC+] usually with accusative, more rarely with dative, and each only once with genitive, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.831, 22.198 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]:—dialectal forms: Doric dialectποτί (which see) and ποί, but Cretan dialect πορτί [[ “Leg.Gort.” 5.44, etc.] Refs], Argive προτ(ί) [[ “Schwyzer” 84.3 (found at Tylisus, 5th c.BC), restored in “Mnemos.” 57.208(Argos, 6th c.BC), and in 7th c.BC: Alcman Lyricus 30; 4th c.AD(?): Arcadius Grammaticus, 5th c.AD: Cypria ] Refs 7th c.BC+] πός [[ “SIG” 306.11 (Tegea, 4th c.BC), “Inscription Cyprian dialect” 135.19 H] Refs 4th c.BC+]., also sometimes in Asia Minor in compounds, see at {ποσάγω},{ποσφέρω}; Aeolic dialect πρός [[ 7th-6th c.BC: Sappho Lyrica 69 (προσ-), 109, 7th-6th c.BC: Alcaeus Lyricus 20 (assuming variant)] Refs 7th c.BC+]; πρές [[6th c.AD: Joannes Alexandrinus Grammaticus “Comp.” 3.10] Refs 6th c.AD+]; Pamphylian περτ (ί) [[ “Schwyzer” 686.7, 686a 4.] Refs] (With προτί, πρός cf. Sanskrit práti 'towards, near to, against, back, etc.', Slavonic protiv[ucaron], Lett. pret 'against', Latin pretium: ποτί (which see) and πός are not cognate) [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus WITH GEN., πρός] Refs 4th c.BC+] refers to that from which something comes:
__A.I of Place, from, ἵκετο ἠὲ π. ἠοίων ἦ ἑσπερίων ἀνθρώπων [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.29; τὸν π. Σάρδεων ἤλεκτρον 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 1037 (variant). ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
Close Browse lexicon entries __A.I.2 on the side of, towards, νήσοισι πρὸς Ἤλιδος towards Elis, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 21.347 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. ἁλός, π. Θύμβρης, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.428, 430; εἶναι π. θαλάσσης 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.154; ἱδρῦσθαι π. τοῦ Ἑλλησπόντου [prev. author] 8.120; ἐστρατοπεδεύοντο π. Ὀλύνθου 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.62, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; φυλακαὶ π. Αἰθιόπων, π. Ἀραβίων, π. Διβύης, on the frontier towards the Ethiopians, etc., [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.30: frequently with words denoting the points of the compass, δύω θύραι εἰσίν, αἱ μὲν π. βορέαο, αἱ δ᾽ αὖ π. νότου] Refs 5th c.BC+] one on the north side, the other on the south side, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.110; οἰκέουσι π. νότου ἀνέμου 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.101; π. ἄρκτου τε καὶ βορέω ἀνέμου κατοικημένοι [prev. work] 102; π. μεσαμβρίης [prev. work] 107 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. τοῦ Τμώλου τετραμμένον τῆς πόλιος (in such phrases the accusative is more common) [[ [prev. author] 1.84; π. Πλαταιῶν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.21; π. Νεμέας [prev. author] 5.59 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀπὸ τῆσδε τῆς ὁδοῦ τὸ π. τοῦ λιμένος ἅπαν everything on the harbour-ward side of this road, [[ “IG” 12.892: combined with π. with _accusative_, π. ἠῶ τε καὶ τοῦ Τανάϊδος 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.122; τὸν μέν π. βορέω ἑστεῶτα, τὸν δὲ π. νότον [prev. author] 2.121, compare 4.17. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.I.3 before, in presence of, μάρτυροι ἔστων π. τε θεῶν μακάρων π. τε θνητῶν ἀνθρώπων [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.339; οὐδ᾽ ἐπιορκήσω π. δαίμονος 19.188 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ποίτοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος.. ὑπίσχομαι probably in [[ “IG” 22.1126.7 (Amphict. Delph., 4th c.BC); ὑποσχομένους πρὸς τοῦ Διός [prev. work]1237.16: hence, ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__A.I.3.b in the eyes of, ἄδικον οὐδὲν οὔτε π. θεῶν οὔτε π. ἀνθρώπων [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.71, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.6.6, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὅσιος π. θεῶν Legal cited in [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.97 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; κατειπάτω.. ἁγνῶς π. τοῦ θεοῦ if he wishes to be pure in the sight of the god, [[ “SIG” 986.9, compare 17 (Chios, 5th-4th c.BC)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ γὰρ καιρὸς π. ἀνθρώπων βραχὺ μέτρον ἔχει [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 4.286. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.I.4 in supplication or adjuration, before, and so, in the name of, σε.. γουνάζομαι.. π. τ᾽ ἀλόχου καὶ πατρός [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.67; π. θεῶν πατρῴων 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 839 (Lyric poetry), etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἱκετεύω, ἀντιβολῶ π. παίδων, π. γυναικῶν, etc., [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 28.20, etc.: the verb is frequently omitted with π. θεῶν or τῶν θεῶν, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 551, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1037, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 760; π. τοῦ Διός [prev. author] “Av.” 130 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: less frequently with other words, π. τῆς ἑστίας [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 953.39; π. Χαρίτων 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Hist.Conscr.” 14; μὴ π. γενείου 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 1208; μὴ π. ξενίας τᾶς σᾶς [prev. author] “OC” 515 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 5th c.BC+]: sometimes in questions, π. θεῶν, τίς οὕτως εὐήθης ἐστί; in heaven's name, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 1.15; π. τῆς Ἀθηνᾶς..; 4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 1.45; ἆρ᾽ οὖν, ὦ π. Διός,..; 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 459a, compare “Ap.” 26e ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: sometimes in Trag. with the pronoun σε between preposition and case, π. νύν σε πατρὸς π. τε μητρός.. ἱκνοῦμαι [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 468; μὴ π. σε γονάτων 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 324. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.I.5 of origin or descent, from, on the side of, γένος ἐξ Ἁλικαρνησσοῦ τὰ π. πατρός by the father's side, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.99; Ἀθηναῖον.. καὶ τὰ π. πατρὸς καὶ τὰ π. μητρός 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 57.17, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 3.42, “SIG” 1015.7 (Halic.)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; πρόγονοι ἢ π. ἀνδρῶν ἢ γυναικῶν in the male or female line, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 173d; ὁ πατὴρ π. μὲν ἀνδρῶν ἦν τῶν Εὐπατριδῶν 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 16.25; οἱ συγγενεῖς τοῦ πατρὸς καὶ π. ἀνδρῶν καὶ π. γυναικῶν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 57.23 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἱ π. αἵματος blood-relations, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1305; ἢ φίλων τις ἢ π. αἵματος φύσιν [prev. author] “El.” 1125. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.II of effects proceeding from what cause soever:
__A.II.1 from, at the hand of, with Verbs of having, receiving, etc., ὡς ἂν.. τιμὴν καὶ κῦδος ἄρηαι π. πάντων Δαναῶν [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.85, compare 1.160, etc.; τιμὴν π. Ζηνὸς ἔχοντες 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.302; δίδοι οἱ.. χάριν ποτ᾽ ἀστῶν καὶ ποτὶ ξείνων 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 7.90; ἄνθεα τιμῆς πρὸς θνητῶν ἀνελέσθαι 5th c.BC: Empedocles Poeta Philosophus 4.7; φυλακῆς π. δήμου κυρῆσαι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.59; τυχεῖν τινος π. θεῶν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 550, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 527; λαχὼν π. δαιμόνων ὄλβον 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 9.45; κακόν τι π. θεῶν ἢ π. ἀνθρώπων λαβεῖν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.139, etc.; μανθάνειν π. ἀστῶν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 13: with passive Verbs, προτὶ Ἀχιλλῆος δεδιδάχθαι] Refs 8th c.BC+] to have been taught by.., [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.831, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 357; ἄριστα πεποίηται.. πρὸς Τρώων 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.57 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; αἴσχε᾽ ἀκούω π. Τρώων[[ [prev. work] 525, compare 1st c.AD(?): Heraclitus 79; ταῦτα.. π. τούτου κλύειν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 429; οὐ λέγεται π. οὐδαμῶν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.47; ἀτιμάζεσθαι, τετιμῆσθαι π. τινῶν, [prev. work] 61, 2.75 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also λόγου οὐδενὸς γίνεσθαι π. τινῶν [[ [prev. author] 1.120 ] Refs]; παθεῖν τι π. τινός at the hand of,[[ [prev. work] 73; π. ἀλλήλοιν θανεῖν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 1269, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1237 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τῆς τύχης ὄλωλεν[[ [prev. work] 949; τὸ ποιεύμενον π. τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.209; αἰτηθέντες π. τινὸς χρήματα [prev. author] 8.111; ἱμέρου βέλει π. σοῦ τέθαλπται 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 650 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: with an adjective or substantive, τιμήεσσα π. πόσιος [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.162; ἐπίφθονος π. τῶν πλεόνων ἀνθρώπων 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.139; ἔρημος π. φίλων 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 919; ἀπαθὴς π. ἀστῶν 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 4.297; πειθὼ π. τινός 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 562; π. Τρώων.. κλέος εἶναι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.514 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἄρκεσις π. ἀνδρός, δόξα π. ἀνθρώπων, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 73, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Heraclidae” 624 (Lyric poetry); ἐλίπετο ἀθάνατον μνήμην π. Ἑλλησποντίων 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.144: with an ] Refs 5th c.BC+] adverb, οἶμαι γὰρ ἂν οὐκ ἀχαρίστως μοι ἔχειν οὔτε π. ὑμῶν οὔτε π. τῆς Ἑλλάδος I shall meet with no ingratitude at your hands, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.3.18, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 463d. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.II.2 of things, π. τίνος ποτ᾽ αἰτίας [τέθνηκεν]; from of by what cause? [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1236 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ἀμπλακημάτων by or by reason of.., [[ [prev. author] “Ant.” 51. ] Refs]
__A.III of dependence or close connexion: hence,
__A.III.1 dependent on one, under one's protection, π. Διός εἰσι ξεῖνοί τε πτωχοί τε [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.207, 14.57 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; δικασπόλοι, οἵ τε θέμιστας π. Διὸς εἰρύαται by commission from him, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.239 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. ἄλλης ἱστὸν ὑφαίνοις at the bidding of another, [[ 6.456. ] Refs]
__A.III.2 on one's side, in one's favour, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.75, 124, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1434, “Tr.” 479, etc.; π. τῶν ἐχόντων.. τὸν νόμον τίθης 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 57. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.IV of that which is derivable from: hence, agreeable to, becoming, like, τὰ τοιαῦτα ἔργα οὐ π. τοῦ ἅπαντος ἀνδρὸς νενόμικα γίνεσθαι, ἀλλὰπ. ψυχῆς τε ἀγαθῆς καὶ ῥώμης ἀνδρηΐης [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.153, compare 5.12 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἦ κάρτα π. γυναικὸς αἴρεσθαι κέαρ 'tis very like a woman, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 592, compare 1636; οὐ π. ἰατροῦ σοφοῦ θρηνεῖν ἐπῳδάς 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 581, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 369, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Helena” 950, etc.; π. σοῦ ἐστι [prev. author] “HF” 585, etc.; οὐκ ἦν π. τοῦ Κύρου τρόπου 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.2.11, etc.: of qualities, etc., π. δυσσεβείας 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 704 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. δίκης οὐδὲν τρέμων agreeably to justice, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1014, compare “El.” 1211; οὐ π. τῆς ὑμετέρας δόξης 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.59 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐάν τι ἡμῖν π. λόγου ᾖ if it be at all to our purpose, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 459c; εἰ τόδε π. τρόπου λέγω ] Refs 5th c.BC+]correctly, [[ [prev. author] “R.” 470c ] Refs]; but π. τρόπου τι ὠνεῖσθαι buy at a reasonable price, [[ 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Characteres” 30.12; τὰ γενήματα π. ἐλάσσονος τιμᾶς πωλῶν “IG” 5(2).515.14 (from Lycosura)] Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. ἀγαθοῦ, π. κακοῦ τινί ἐστι or γίγνεται, it is to one's advantage or otherwise, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Mundo” 397a30, 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Anabasis” 7.16.5, 3rd c.AD: Heliodorus Scriptor Eroticus 7.12 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. ἀτιμίας λαβεῖν τι to take a thing as an insult, regard it so, [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Cicero” 13; π. δέους λαβεῖν τι [prev. author] “Flam.” 7 ] Refs 1st c.AD+]; λαβεῖν τι π. ὀργῆς (variant{ὀργήν}) [[ 1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus “Antiquitates Judaicae” 8.1.3; μοι π. εὐκλείας γένοιτο [prev. work] 18.7.7 ] Refs 1st c.AD+]; τῷ δήμῳ π. αἰσχύνης ἂν ἦν, π. ὀνείδους ἂν ἦν τῇ πόλει, [[ 4th c.AD: Libanius Sophista “Declamationes” 43.27, 28. ] Refs 4th c.AD+]
__B WITH DAT., it expresses proximity, hard by, near, at, ποτὶ γαίῃ [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.190, 11.423; ποτὶ γούνασι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.408 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ποτὶ δρυσίν among the oaks, [[ 14.398 (nisi to be read περί) ] Refs]; πρὸς ἄκμονι χαλκεύειν [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 1.86; ποτὶ γραμμᾷ στᾶσαί τινα [prev. work] 9.118 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἄγκυραν ποτὶ ναΐ κρημνάντων[[ [prev. work] 4.24; δῆσαί τινα πρὸς φάραγγι 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 15; νεὼς καμούσης ποντίῳ π. κύματι [prev. author] “Th.” 210; π. μέσῃ ἀγορᾷ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 371; π. Ἀργείων στρατῷ [prev. author] “Aj.” 95; π. πέδῳ κεῖται [prev. author] “OT” 180 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; θακεῖν π. ναοῖς[[ [prev. work] 20, compare 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 855; π. ἡλίου ναίουσι πηγαῖς [prev. author] “Pr.” 808; π. τῇ γῇ ναυμαχεῖν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.34 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐς μάχην καθίστασθαι π. (variant ὑπ᾽) αὐτῇ τῇ πόλει [[ [prev. author] 2.79; τεῖχος π. τῇ θαλάσσῃ [prev. author] 3.105; αἱ π. θαλάττῃ πόλεις 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 4.8.1 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ π. Αἰγίνῃ στράτευμα off Aegina, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.105 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; Αίβυες οἱ π. Αἰγύπτῳ bordering on.., [[[prev. work] 104 ] Refs]; τὸ π. ποσί that which is close to the feet, before one, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 130, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; θρηνεῖν ἐπῳδὰς π... πήματι over it, [[ [prev. author] “Aj.” 582 ] Refs]; αἱ π. τῇ βάσει γωνίαι the angles at the base, [[ 3rd c.BC: Euclides Geometra 1.5, +others; τὴν π. τῷ.. ιερῷ κρήνην “IG” 22.338.13, compare “SIG” 1040.15 (Piraeus, 4th c.BC), +others ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__B.2 before, in the presence of, π. τοῖς θεσμοθέταις, π. τῷ διαιτητῇ λέγειν, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 20.98, 39.22; ὅσα π. τοῖς κριταῖς γέγονεν [prev. author] 21.18; π. διαιτητῇ φεύγειν [prev. author] 22.28. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__B.3 with Verbs denoting motion towards a place, upon, against, ποτὶ δὲ σκῆπτρον βάλε γαίῃ [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.245, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.80; με βάλῃ.. ποτὶ πέτρῃ 5.415, compare 7.279, 9.284; νῆας ποτὶ σπιλάδεσσιν ἔαξαν 3.298, compare 5.401 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; λιαζόμενον ποτὶ γαίῃ sinking on the ground, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 20.420; ἴσχοντες πρὸς ταῖς πόλεσι 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.35. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__B.4 sometimes with a notion of clinging closely, προτὶ οἷ λάβε clasped to him, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 20.418; προτὶ οἷ εἷλε 21.507; πρὸς ἀλλήλῃσιν ἔχονται 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.329; προσπεπλασμένας.. π. ὄρεσι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.111 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. δμῳαῖσι κλίνομαι fall into the arms of.., [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 1189; π. τινί ] Refs 5th c.BC+]close to, [[ 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus “Ἐπιτρέποντες” 204. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__B.II to express close engagement, at the point of, π. αὐτῷ γ᾽ εἰμὶ τῷ δεινῷ λέγειν [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1169 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; engaged in or about, π. τῷ εἰρημένῳ λόγῳ ἦν [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 84c, compare “Phdr.” 249c, 249d; ἂν π. τῷ σκοπεῖν.. γένησθε 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.176; ἀεὶ π. ᾧ εἴη ἔργῳ, τοῦτο ἔπραττεν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 4.8.22 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; διατρίβειν or σχολάζειν π. τινί, [[ 4th c.BC: Epicrates Comicus 11.3 (_anapaest meter_), 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1308b36 (but π. ταῦτα ἐσχόλασα 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.6.6); ὅλος εἶναι π. τῷ λήμματι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 19.127; π. τῇ ἀνάγκῃ ταύτῃ γίγνεσθαι 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.74 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὴν διάνοιαν, τὴν γνώμην ἔχειν π. τινί, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 500b, 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 3.192 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; κατατάξαι αὐτὸν π. γράμμασιν, i.e. give him a post as clerk, [[ “PCair.Zen.” 342.3 (3rd c.BC)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ὁ π. τοῖς γράμμασι τεταγμένος [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 15.27.7, compare 5.54.7, 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 2.29, 3.22; ἐπιμελητὴς π. τῇ εἰκασίᾳ τοῦ σησάμου “PTeb.” 713.2, compare 709.1 (2nd c.BC). ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]
__B.III to express union or addition, once in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, ἄασάν μ᾽ ἕταροί τε κακοὶ π. τοῖσί τε ὕπνος] Refs 8th c.BC+] and besides them sleep, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.68; π. τοῖς παροῦσιν ἄλλα ] Refs 8th c.BC+]in addition to, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 323, compare “Pers.” 531, 6th c.BC: Xenophanes Poeta Philosophus 8.3. 5th c.BC: Empedocles Poeta Philosophus 59.3; ἄλλους π. ἑαυτῷ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.90 ] Refs 6th c.BC+]; π. ταῖς ἡμετέραις [τριήρεσι] [[ [prev. author] 6.90; δέκα μῆνας π. ἄλλοις πέντε 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 45; τρίτος.. π. δέκ᾽ ἄλλαισιν γοναῖς 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 774 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; κυβερνήτης π. τῇ σκυτοτομίᾳ in addition to his trade of leather-cutter, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 397e: frequently with _neuter_ _adjectives_, π. τῷ νέῳ ἁπαλός] Refs 5th c.BC+] besides his youth, [[ [prev. author] “Smp.” 195c, compare “Tht.” 185e; π. τῷ βλαβερῷ καὶ ἀηδέστατον [prev. author] “Phdr.” 240b ] Refs]; π. τούτοισι besides this, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.51, compare 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 237 (troch.), etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; rarely in singular, π. τούτῳ [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.31, 41 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τοῖς ἄλλοις besides all the rest, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.61, etc.:—compare the Advb. usage, below 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__C WITH ACCU[[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus, it expresses motion or direction towards an object: ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__C.I of Place, towards, to, with Verbs of Motion, ἰέναι π. Ὄλυμπον [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.420 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἰέναι π. δώματα, etc., [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.288, etc.; ἰέναι π. ἠῶ τ᾽ ἠέλιόν τε 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.239; φέρειν προτὶ ἄστυ, ἄγειν προτὶ Ἴλιον, etc., 13.538, 657, etc.; ἄγεσθαιπρὸς οἶκον, ἐρύεσθαι ποτὶ Ἴλιον, 9.147, 18.174; ὠθεῖν, δίεσθαι προτὶ ἄστυ, 16.45, 15.681, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ῥίπτασκε ποτὶ νέφεα [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.374; βαλεῖν ποτὶ πέτρας 12.71; κυλινδόμενα προτὶ χέρσον 9.147 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀπῆλθε πρὸς ἑαυτόν returned to his home, [[ LXX.Num.24.25 ] LXX]; κληθῆναι π. τὸ δεῖπνον (rarer than ἐπὶ δεῖπνον) [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Cat.Ma.” 3. ] Refs 1st c.AD+]
__C.I.2 with Verbs implying previous motion, upon, against, π. τεῖχος, π. κίονα ἐρείσας, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.112, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.66; ἅρματα.. ἔκλιναν π. ἐνώπια 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 8.435; ἔγχος ἔστησε π. κίονα 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.127; ποτὶ τοῖχον ἀρηρότες 2.342; ποτὶ βωμὸν ἵζεσθαι 22.334; πρὸς γοῦνα καθέζετό τινος 18.395; π. ἄλλοτ᾽ ἄλλον πημονὴ προσιζάνει 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 278; τὰ πολλὰ πατρὸς π. τάφον κτερίσματα 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 931 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; χῶρον π. αὐτὸν τόνδ᾽ uncertain in [[ [prev. author] “Ph.” 23; later, ἔστη π. τὸν στῦλον LXX.2Ki.23.3; ὁ ὄχλος π. τὴν θάλασσαν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς ἦσαν NT.Mark.4.1 ] LXX+NT]; π. ὑμᾶς παραμενῶ with you, [[ NT.1Cor.16.6; ἐκήδευσαν τὸν.. πατέρα.. π. τοὺς λοιποὺς συγγενεῖς ] NT]beside, [[ Supp.epigram 6.106 (from Cotiaeum). ] Refs]
__C.I.2.b of addition, ποὶ τὰν στάλαν ποιγραψάνσθω τάδε [[ “SIG” 56.46 (Argos, 5th c.BC)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἵππον προσετίθει πρὸς τοὔνομα [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 63, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.125, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 1.5.6, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Philebus” 33c, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1359b28 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; προσεδαπάνησε π. τὸ μερισθὲν αὐτῷ εἰς τὸ ἔλαιον ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων over and above the sum allotted to him, [[ “IG” 22.1227.9] Refs]; προσετέθη π. τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ was gathered to his people, [[ LXX.Gen.49.33. ] LXX]
__C.I.3 with Verbs of seeing, looking, etc., towards, ἰδεῖν π. τινά [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.244, +others] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὁρᾶν, ἀποβλέπειν π. τι or τινά, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 725, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 291, etc.; ἀνταυγεῖ π. Ὄλυμπον 5th c.BC: Empedocles Poeta Philosophus 44 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; στάντε ποτὶ πνοιήν so as to face it, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.622 (similarly, πέτονται πρὸς τὸ πνεῦμα] Refs 8th c.BC+] against the wind, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 597a32)] Refs 4th c.BC+]; κλαίεσκε π. οὐρανόν cried to heaven, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 8.364: frequently of points of the compass, π. ζόφον κεῖσθαι] Refs 8th c.BC+] lie towards the West, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.26; ναίειν π. ἠῶ τ᾽ ἠέλιόν τε 13.240; στάντα π. πρώτην ἕω 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 477 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; so in Prose, π. ἠῶ τε καὶ ἡλίου ἀνατολάς [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.201, compare 4.40; π. βορέην τε καὶ νότον [prev. author] 2.149; also ἀκτὴ π. Τυρσηνίην τετραμμένη τῆς Σικελίης [prev. author] 6.22 (see. above 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus 1.2)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ἥλιον facing the sun, and so, in the sunlight, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 772 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; so π. λύχνον by lamplight, [[ [prev. author] “Pax” 692, 4th c.AD: Julianus Imperator “Epistulae” 4; π. τὸ λύχνον 6th c.BC: Hipponax Iambographus 22 Diehl, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Meteorologica” 375a27; πὸτ τὸ πῦρ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 751; πρὸς τὸ πῦρ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 372d, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Problemata” 870a21 ] Refs 6th c.BC+]; π. φῶς in open day, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 640 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; but, by torch-light, [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.237a. ] Refs 1st c.AD+]
__C.I.4 in hostile sense, against, π. Τρῶας μάχεαι [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.471; ἐστρατόωνθ᾽.. π. τείχεα Θήβης 4.378 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. δαίμονα against his will,[[ 17.98; βεβλήκει π. στῆθος 4.108; γούνατ᾽ ἐπήδα π. ῥόον ἀΐσσοντος 21.303; χρὴ π. θεὸν οὐκ ἐρίζειν 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 2.88; π. τοὐμὸν σπέρμα χωρήσαντα 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 304; ἐπιέναι π. τινάς 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.65; ὅσα ἔπραξαν οἱ Ἕλληνες π. τε ἀλλήλους καὶ τὸν βάρβαρον [prev. author] 1.118; ἀγωνίζεσθαι π. τινά 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 579c; ἀντιτάττεσθαι π. πόλιν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 3.1.18 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: also in argument, in reply to, ταῦτα π. τὸν Πιττακὸν εἴρηται [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 345c ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; and so in the titles of judicial speeches, πρός τινα in reply to, less strong than κατά τινος against or in accusation, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 20 at Title Page, etc.; μήτε π. ἐμὲ μήτε κατ᾽ ἐμοῦ δίκην εἶναι 4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 11.34. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__C.I.5 without any hostile sense, π. ἀλλήλους ἔπεα πτερόεντ᾽ ἀγόρευον [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.155,compare 5.274, 11.403, 17.200 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; π.ξεῖνον φάσθαι ἔπος ἠδ᾽ ἐπακοῦσαι [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.584 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; λέγειν, εἰπεῖν, φράζειν π. τινά, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.8, 90, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 335, “Nu.” 359; ἀπαγγεῖλαι π. τινάς 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 267; μνησθῆναι π. τινά 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 1.19, etc.; ἀμείψασθαι π. τινά 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.60 codices; ἀποκρίνεσθαι π. τινάς 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 632, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.42 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὤμοσε δὲ π. ἔμ᾽ αὐτόν he swore to me, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.331: π.] Refs 8th c.BC+] sometimes governs the reflexive pronoun, διαλογίζεσθαι π. ὑμᾶς αὐτούς [[ 4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 7.45 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἀναμνήσθητε, ἐνθυμήθητε π. ὑμᾶς αὐτούς, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 6.52, 15.60; π. ἐμαυτὸν.. ἐλογιζόμην 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 21d ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; μινύρεσθαι, ἄδειν π. ἑαυτόν, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 880, 931; ἐπικωκύω.. αὐτὴ π. αὑτήν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 285. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__C.I.5.b π. σφέας ἔχειν δοκέουσι, i.e. they think they are pregnant, [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ φύσιος παιδίου” 30. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__C.I.6 of various kinds of intercourse or reciprocal action, π... Διομήδεα τεύχε᾽ ἄμειβεν changed arms with Diomedes, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.235; ὅσα.. ξυμβόλαια.. ἦν τοῖς ἰδιώταις π. τοὺς ἰδιώτας ἢ ἰδιώτῃ π. τὸ κοινόν “IG” 12.116.19 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; σπονδάς, συνθήκας ποιεῖσθαι π. τινά, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.15, 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 1.17.6; ξυγχωρεῖν π. τινάς 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.59; γίγνεται ὁμολογία π. τινάς [prev. author] 7.82, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.61; π. τινὰς ξυμμαχίαν ποιεῖς θαι 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.22; π. ἀλλήλους ἡσυχίαν εἶχον καὶ π. τοὺς ἄλλους.. εἰρήνην ἦγον 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 7.51; π. ἀλλήλους ἔχθραι τε καὶ στέργηθρα 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 491; also σαίνειν ποτὶ πάντας 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 2.82, compare “O.” 4.6; παίζειν πρός τινας 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hercules Furens” 952, etc.; ἀφροδισιάζειν π. τινά 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.3.14; ἀγαθὸς γίγνεσθαι π. τινά 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.86; εὐσεβὴς π. τινὰς πέλειν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 340 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; διαλέγεσθαι π. τινά converse with.., [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.6.1, 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 2.38,40, 3.219; κοινοῦσθαι π. τινάς 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 930c; π. τοὺς οἰκέτας ἀνακοινοῦσθαι περὶ τῶν μεγίστων 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Characteres” 4.2 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; διαλογίζεσθαι π. τινά balance accounts with.., [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 52.3, compare “SIG” 241.127 (Delph., 4th c.BC)] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἃ ἔχει διελόμενος π. τὸν ἀδελφόν [[ “IG” 12(7).55.8 (Amorgos, 4th-3rd c.BC),compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 47.34. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__C.I.6.b in phrases of the form ἡ π. τινὰ εὔνοια (ἔχθρα, etc.), π. sometimes means towards, as ἡ π. αὑτοὺς φιλία the affection of their wives towards or for them, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 3.1.39; ἡ π. ὑμᾶς ἔχθρα [prev. author] “HG” 3.5.10; ἡ ἀπέχθεια ἡ π. τοὺς πλουσίους 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1305a23; τὴν π. τοὺς τετελευτηκότας εὔνοιαν ὑπάρχουσαν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.314, compare “SIG” 352.13 (Ephesus, 4th-3rd c.BC), +others] Refs 5th c.BC+]; φυσικαὶ τοκέων στοργαὶ π. τέκνα ποθεινά [[ “IG” 12(5).305.13 (from Paros)] Refs]: but sometimes at the hands of, ἡ π. τὸ θεῖον εὐμένεια the favour of the gods, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.105 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; φθόνος τοῖς ζῶσι π. τὸ ἀντίπαλον jealousy is incurred by the living at the hands of their rivals, [[ [prev. author] 2.45 ] Refs]; τὴν ἀπέχθειαν τὴν π. Θηβαίους.. τῇ πόλει γενέσθαι the hostility incurred by Athens at the hands of the Thebans, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.36, compare 6.3, 19.85 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; τῇ φιλίᾳ τῇ π. τὸν τετελευτηκότα the friendship with (not 'affection for') the deceased, [[ 4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 1.17, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 21c, 28a, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 15.101, 19.50, 4th c.BC: Lycurgus Orator 135, 4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 1.19, etc.; τίνος ὄντος ἐμοὶ π. ὑμᾶς ἐγκλήματο; 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 10.23, compare 16.10; τιμώμενος.. διὰ τὴν π. ὑμᾶς πίστιν 4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 3.12, compare 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 12.67, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 20.25 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τῷ φόβῳ τῷ π. ὑμᾶς the fear inspired by you, [[ [prev. author] 25.93 ] Refs]; τῇ π. Ῥωμαίους εὐνοία his popularity with the Romans, [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 23.7.5. ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]
__C.I.7 of legal or other business transacted before a magistrate, witness, etc., τάδε ὁ σύλλογος ἐβουλεύσατο.. π. μνήμονας [[ “SIG” 45.8 (Halic., 5th c.BC),compare “IG” 7.15.1 (Megara, 2nd c.BC); γράφεσθαι αὐτὸν κλοπῆς.. π. τοὺς ἐπιμελητάς [prev. work]12.65.46; ἀτέλειαν εἶναι αὐτῷ καὶ δίκας π. τὸν πολέμαρχον [prev. work]153.7; λόγον διδόντων τῶν.. χρημάτων.. π. τοὺς λογιστάς [prev. work]91.27;] Refs 5th c.BC+] before a jury, ἔστι δὲ τούτοις μὲν π. ὑμᾶς ἁγών, ὑμῖν δὲ π. ἅπασαν τὴν πόλιν [[ 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 26.14; ἀντιδικῆσαι τῷ παιδὶ.. π. ὑμᾶς 4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 11.19 codices (uncertain)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; before a witness to whom an appeal for corroboration is made, [[ [prev. author] 3.25; ὀμόσαντες πὸ (τ) τὸν θεόν “Schwyzer” 418.11 (from Elis)] Refs]; φέρρεν αὐτὸν πὸ (τ) τὸν Δία in the eyes of Zeus, [[[prev. work]415.7([prev. passage])] Refs]; λαχεῖν πρὸς τὸν ἄρχοντα, γράφεσθαι π. τοὺς θεσμοθέτας, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 43.15, Legal [prev. work] 21.47, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ἀθηναίων Πολιτεία” 56.6; τοῖς ἐμπόροις εἶναι τὰς δίκας π. τοὺς θεσμοθέτας 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 33.1 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; θέντων τὰ.. ποτήρια.. π. Πολύχαρμον having pawned the cups with P., [[ “IPE” 12.32 A 15 (Olbia, 3rd c.BC)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; also διαβάλλειν τινὰ π. τοὺς πολλούς [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.2.31, compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 7.33. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__C.II of Time, towards or near a certain time, at or about, ποτὶ ἕσπερα [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.191; ποτὶἕσπερον 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 552; πρὸς ἑσπέραν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 328a; ἐπεὶ π. ἑσπέραν ἦν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 4.3.22; π. ἡμέραν [prev. author] “An.” 4.5.21; π. ὄρθρον 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Lysistrata” 1089 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ποτ᾽ ὄρθρον (nisi to be read πότορθρον) [[ 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 5.126, Erinna Lyrica in “PSI” 9.1090.48 + 8 (p.xii); πρὸς ἕω 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 312 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π.ἀῶ ἐγρέσθαι, π. ἡμέραν ἐξεγρέσθαι, [[ 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 18.55, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 223c ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. γῆρας, π. τὸ γῆρας, in old age, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 592, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 653a ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. εὐάνθεμον φυάν in the bloom of life, [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 1.67 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; μέχρις ὅτου π. γυναῖκας ὦσι, i.e.of marriageable age, [[ “IG” 22.1368.41: later, π.τὸ παρόν] Refs] for the moment, [[ 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Ep. Sat.” 28, etc.] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; see below 111.5.
__C.III of Relation between two objects,
__C.III.1 in reference to, in respect of, touching, τὰ π. τὸν πόλεμον military matters, equipments, etc., [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.17, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ π. τὸν βασιλέα our relations to the King, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 14.2 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; τὰ π. βασιλέα πράγματα the negotiations with the King, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.128 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ π. τοὺς θεούς our relations, i.e. duties, to the gods, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1441; μέτεστι π. τὰ ἴδια διάφορα πᾶσι τὸ ἴσον.. ἐλευθέρως δὲ τὰ π. τὸ κοινὸν πολιτεύομεν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.37; οὐδὲν διοίσει π. τὸ γενέσθαι.. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]in respect of.., [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Analytica Priora” 24a25, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 111b ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἕτερος λόγος, οὐ π. ἐμέ that is another matter, and does not concern me, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.44, compare 21,60, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.12 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τῶν φορέτρων ὄντων π. ἐμέ freightage shall be my concern, i.e. borne by me, [[ “PAmh.” 91.18 (2nd c.AD)] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; π. τοῦτον ἦν ἡ τῶν διαφόρων πρᾶξις [[ LXX.2Mac.4.28 ] LXX]; ἐὰν.. βοᾷ καὶ σχετλιάζῃ μηδὲν π. τὸ πρᾶγμα, nihil ad rem, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 40.61 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; οὐδὲν π. τὸν Διόνυσον Prov. cited in [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 39.2.3, 10th c.AD: Suidas Legal icographus ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; οὐδὲν αὐτῷ π. τὴν πόλιν ἐστίν he owes no reckoning to the State, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.44; λόγος ἐστὶν ἐμοὶ π. Ἀθηναίους 5th c.BC: Philonides Comicus 1 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator; π. Ἰάσονά ἐστιν αὐτῷ περὶ τῆς τιμῆς “PHamb.” 27.8 (3rd c.BC),compare “PCair.Zen.” 150.18 (3rd c.BC)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἔσται αὐτῷ π. τὸν Θεόν (i.e. ὁ λόγος) he shall have to reckon with God, [[ “Supp.epigram” 6.188, compare 194, +others (from Eumenia); without αὐτῷ, [prev. work]236 (from Phrygia)] Refs]; ἔσται π. τὴν Τριάδαν [[ “MAMA” 1.168, compare “Supp.epigram” 6.302 (Laodicea Combusta); ἕξει π. τὸν Θεόν [prev. work]300, +others ([prev. passage]); ἕξει π. τὴν ἐωνίαν κρίσιν [prev. work]4.733 (from Eukhaita), compare 6.841 (from Cyprus)] Refs]; π. πολλοὺς ἔχων ἀγωνιστάς [[ 10th c.AD: Suidas Legal icographus ] Refs] see at {ὅσα μῦς ἐν πίσσῃ},[[cf. NT.2Cor.5.12: with _adverbs_, ἀσφαλῶς ἔχειν π. τι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.3.14, etc.] NT+5th c.BC+]; [τὸ or τὰ] πρός τι, the relative term or terms, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Categoriae” 1b25, 6a36, +others] Refs 4th c.BC+]; τὸ π. τι, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Pythagoras Philosophus ] Refs 4th c.BC+] name for two, [[ Theol.Ar. 8] Refs]; π. ἡμᾶς relatively to us, opposed to ἁπλῶς, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Analytica Posteriora” 72a1 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὀρθὸς πρός or ποτί with accusative, perpendicular to, [[ 3rd c.BC: Archimedes Geometra “περὶ σφαίρας καὶ κυλίνδρου” 2.3, “Spir.” 20; ἁ Δζ ποτὶ τὰν ΑΔ ἀμβλεῖαν ποιεῖ γωνίαν [prev. work] 16. ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]
__C.III.2 in reference to, in consequence of, πρὸς τοῦτο τὸ κήρυγμα [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.52, compare 4.161 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τὴν φήμην in view of.., [[ [prev. author] 3.153, compare 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.39; χαλεπαίνειν π. τι [prev. author] 2.59; ἀθύμως ἔχειν π. τι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 4.5.4 ] Refs 5th c.BC+], etc.: with neuter pronoun, π. τ; wherefore? to what end? [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 766, 1027, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. οὐδέν for nothing, in vain, [[ [prev. author] “Aj.” 1018 ] Refs]; π. οὐδὲν ἀναγκαῖον unnecessarily, [[Scholia 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.23; π. ταῦτα ] Refs 8th c.BC+]therefore, this being so, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.9, 40, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 915, 992, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 426, etc.; compare οὗτος with v111. 1b. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__C.III.3 in reference to or for a purpose, ἕστηκεν.. μῆλα π. σφαγάς [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1057 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; χρήσιμος, ἱκανὸς π. τι, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 474d, “Prt.” 322b; ὡς π. τί χρεία; 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1174, compare “OC” 71, “Tr.” 1182; ἕτοιμος π. τι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 4.5.12; ἱκανῶς ὡς π. τὴν παροῦσαν χρείαν 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Caelo” 269b21; ἢν ἀρήγειν φαίνηται π. τὴν σύμπασαν νοῦσον 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ διαίτης ὀξέων” 60 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ποιεῖ π. ἐπιλημπτικούς is efficacious for cases of epilepsy, [[ 1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 1.6; ἐθέλοντες τὰ π. τὴν νοῦσον ἡδέα μᾶλλον ἢ τὰ π. τὴν ὑγιείην προσδέχεσθαι 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ τέχνης” 7. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__C.III.3.b with a view to or for a future time, ὅπως.. γράμματα δῷ π. ἢν ἂν ἡμέραν ἑκάτεροι παραγίνωνται [[ “SIG” 679.62 (Senatus consultum, 2nd c.BC)] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; θαυμάζεται τὰ Περικλέους ἔργα π. πολὺν χρόνον ἐν ὀλίγῳ γενόμενα [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Pericles” 13. ] Refs 1st c.AD+]
__C.III.3.c ={πρός} [[ 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 11, ἐγίνετο π. ἀναζογήν 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.92.8; ὄντων π. τὸ κωλύειν [prev. author] 1.26.3, compare 1.29.3, +others, 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Nicias” 5. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__C.III.4 in proportion or relation to, in comparison with, κοῖός τις δοκέοι ἀνὴρ εἶναι π. τὸν πατέρα Κῦρον [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.34; ἔργα λόγου μέζω π. πᾶσαν χώρην [prev. author] 2.35; π. πάντας τοὺς ἄλλους [prev. author] 3.94, 8.44; πολλὴν ἂν οἶμαι ἀπιστίαν τῆς δυνάμεως.. π. τὸ κλέος αὐτῶν εἶναι 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.10, compare 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 2.88, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 327d, 328c, “Phd.” 102c, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τὰς μεγίστας καὶ ἐλαχίστας ναῦς τὸ μέσον σκοπεῖν the mean between.., [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.10; τὸ κάλλιστον τῶν ἔργων π. τὸ αἴσχιστον συμβαλεῖν 4th c.BC: Lycurgus Orator 68; ἓν π. ἓν συμβάλλειν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.50; also ἔχεις π. τὰ ἔτη μέλαιναν τὴν τρίχα 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Characteres” 2.3; ἐνδεεστέρως ἢ π. τὴν ἐξουσίαν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.39: also of mathematical ratio, οἷος ὁ πρῶτος (i.e. ὅρος) ποτὶ τὸν δεύτερον, καὶ ὁ δεύτερος ποτὶ τὸν τρίτον 4th c.BC: Archytas Tarentinus Philosophus 2, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Philolaus Philosophus 11, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 36b, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1409a4, +others, 3rd c.BC: Euclides Geometra 5 “Def.” 4, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; πρὸς παρεὸν.. μῆτις ἀέξεται ἀνθρώποισι in proportion to the existing (physical development), [[ 5th c.BC: Empedocles Poeta Philosophus 106: also of price, value, πωλεῖσθαι δὶς π. ἀργύριον] Refs 5th c.BC+] sells twice against or relatively to silver, i.e. for twice its weight in silver, [[ 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Historia Plantarum” 9.6.4; πωλεῖται ὁ σταθμὸς αὐτοῦ π. διπλοῦν ἀργύριον 1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 1.19 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; [ἡ μαργαρῖτις λίθος] πωλεῖται.. π. χρυσίον for its weight in gold, Androsthenes cited in [[ 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 3.93b: _metaphorically_, π. ἀρετήν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 69a ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὅπως π. τὰς τιμὰς τῶν κριθῶν τὰ ἄλφιτα πωλήσουσι on the basis of the price of barley, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ἀθηναίων Πολιτεία” 51.3 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἐξέστω αὐτοῦ ἀπογραφὴ τῆς οὐσίας π. τοῦτο τὸ ἀργύριον Ἀθηναίων τῷ βουλομένῳ property equal in value to this silver, [[ “IG” 22.1013.14, compare “PHib.” 1.32.9 (3rd c.BC), “IG” 5(1).1390.78 (Andania, 1st c.BC)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; τῶν ἐγγύων τῶν ἐγγυωμένων π. [αὐτὰ] τὰ κτήματα [[ “SIG” 364.42 (Ephesus, 3rd c.BC)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; θέντων τὰ ποτήρια π. χρυσοῦς ἑκατόν [[ “IPE” 12.32 A 16 (Olbia, 3rd c.BC)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; τοὺς ἀπαγομένους εἰς φυλακὴν π. τὰ χρέα imprisoned for debt, [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 38.11.10, compare 1.72.5, 5.27.4, 5, 7, 5.108.1, “PTeb.” 707.9 (2nd c.BC)] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; τοὺς π. καταδίκας ἐκπεπτωκότας [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 25.3.1, compare “SIG” 742.31 (Ephesus, 1st c.BC)] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; ἐγδίδομεν τὸ ἔργον.. π. χαλκόν [[ “IG” 7.3073.6 (Lebad., 2nd c.BC),compare “PSI” 5.356.7 (3rd c.BC), “PTeb.” 825 (a). 16 (2nd c.BC), “Sammelb.” 5106.3 (2nd c.BC)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; οἷον π. ἀργύριον τὴν δόξαν τὰς ψυχὰς ἀποδιδόμενοι [[ 4th c.AD: Julianus Imperator “Orationes” 1.42b ] Refs 4th c.AD+]; π. ἅλας ἠγορασμένος, i.e. 'dirt cheap', [[ 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 828 (also π. ἅλα δειπνεῖν καὶ κύαμον,] Refs 4th c.BC+] i.e. dine frugally, take pot-luck, [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.684f); so ἡδονὰς π. ἡδονὰς.. καταλλάττεσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 69a ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; of measurements of time by the flow from the clepsydra, π. ἕνδεκα ἀμφορέας ἐν διαμεμετρημένῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ κρίνομαι [[ 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 2.126, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ἀθηναίων Πολιτεία” 67.2, 3, 69.2; λεγέσθω τᾶς δίκας ὁ μὲν πρᾶτος λόγος ἑκατέροις ποτὶ χόας δεκαοκτώ “SIG” 953.17 (Calymna, 2nd c.BC); λεξάντων πρὸς τὴν τήρησιν τοῦ ὕδατος [prev. work]683.60 (Olympia, 2nd c.BC)] Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. κλεψύδραν Eub.p.182 K., [[ 2nd c.BC: Epinicus Comicus 2; π. κλεψύδρας 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Poetica” 1451a8; π. ὀλίγον ὕδωρ ἀναγκαζόμενος λέγειν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 41.30 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; hence later, π. ὀλίγον for a short time, ἐπανεῖναι π. ὀλίγον τὴν πολιορκίαν [[ 1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus “Bellum Judaicum” 5.9.1, compare 3rd c.AD: Alexander Aphrodisiensis Philosophus “in Aristotelis Topicorum libros octo commentaria - pars” 560.2, 3rd c.AD: Heliodorus Scriptor Eroticus 2.19, “POxy” 67.14 (4th c.AD), 4th c.AD: Oribasius Medicus “fragment” 116, “Geoponica” 4.15.8] Refs 1st c.AD+]; π.ὀλίγον καιρόν, χρόνον, [[ 2nd c.AD: Antyllus Medicus cited in 4th c.AD: Oribasius Medicus 9.24.26, 7th c.AD: Paulus Aegineta Medicus ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]Prooem.; π. ὀλίγον ἐστὶ τὸ ζῆν poetical in [[ “Mus.Script.” p.452 von Jan; μήτηρ δ᾽ ἦν π. μικρόν “Sammelb.” 7288.4 (from Ptolemaic)] Refs]; π. βραχύ [[ 4th c.AD: Julianus Imperator “Orationes” 1.47b (but π. βραχὺ παρηβηκυίας] Refs 4th c.AD+] (by) a little past their best, [[ “Geoponica” 4.15.3); π. βραχὺν καιρόν 4th c.AD: Iamblichus Philosophus “Protrepticus” 21. κα; π. τὸ ἀκαρές 3rd c.AD: Porphyrius Tyrius Philosophus “ad Gaurum - Abh. Berl. Akad.” 3.3; π. μίαν ἢ δευτέραν ἡμέραν 1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 2.101, compare 2nd c.AD: Soranus Medicus 1.56; π. δύο ἡμέρας ἐκοίμησα ἐκεῖ “BGU” 775.8 (2nd c.AD)] Refs 1st c.AD+]; π.μόνην τὴν ἐνεστῶσαν ἡμέραν [[ “Sammelb.” 7399 (2nd c.AD),compare 2nd c.AD: Marcus Antoninus Imperator 12.4; προστιμάσθω π. χρόνον μὴ εἰσελθεῖν ὅσον ἂν δόξῃ “IG” 22.1368.89. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__C.III.5 in or by reference to, according to, in view of, π. τὸ παρεὸν βουλεύεσθαι [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.20, compare 113, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.46, 47, “IG” 22.1.20, etc.; π. τὴν παροῦσαν ἀρρωστίαν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.47; ἵνα π. τὸν ὑπάρχοντα καιρὸν ἕκαστα θεωρῆτε 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.17, compare 314, etc.; εἴ τι δεῖ τεκμαίρεσθαι π. τὸν ἄλλον τρόπον [prev. author] 27.22 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τοῖς π. ὑμᾶς ζῶσι those who live with your interests in view, [[ [prev. author] 19.226; ἐλευθέρου τὸ μὴ π. ἄλλον ζῆν 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1367a32; π. τοῦτον πάντ᾽ ἐσκόπουν, π. τοῦτον ἐποιοῦντο τὴν εἰρήνην 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 19.63 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; τὸ παιδεύεσθαι π. τὰς πολιτείας suitably to them, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1310a14 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὁρῶ.. ἅπαντας π. τὴν παροῦσαν δύναμιν τῶν δικαίων ἀξιουμένους according to their power, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 15.28; π. τὰς τύχας γὰρ τὰς φρένας κεκτήμεθα ] Refs 4th c.BC+]according to.., [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 701 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; πὸς τὰς συνθέσις in accordance with the agreements, [[ “IG” 5(2).343.41,60 (Orchom. 4th c.AD(?): Arcadius Grammaticus)] Refs 4th c.AD+]; τὸν δικαστὰν ὀμνύντα κρῖναι πορτὶ τὰ μωλιόμενα having regard to the pleadings, [[ “Leg.Gort.” 5.44] Refs], compare 9.30; αἱ ἀρχαὶ.. πρὸς τὰ κατεσκευασμένα σύμβολα σηκώματα ποιησάμεναι after making weights and measures in accordance with, or by reference to, the established standards, [[ “IG” 22.1013.7] Refs]; π. τὰ στάθμια τὰ ἐν τῷ ἀργυροκοπίῳ as measured by the weights in the mint, [[[prev. work] 30,compare “PAmh.” 43.10 (2nd c.BC)] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; [Εόλων] ἐποίησε σταθμὰ π. τὸ νόμισμα made (trade-) weights on the basis of (i.e. proportional to) the coinage, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ἀθηναίων Πολιτεία” 10.2; ὀρθὸν π. τὸν διαβήτην “IG” 22.1668.9, compare 95,7.3073.108 (Lebad., 2nd c.BC)] Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. τὸ δικαιότατον in accordance with the most just principle, [[ 2nd-3rd c.AD: Dio Cassius Historicus “fragment” 104.6. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__C.III.6 with the accompaniment of musical instruments, π. κάλαμον [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 10(11).84 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. αὐλόν or τὸν αὐλόν, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 346, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Symposium” 6.3, etc.; π. λύραν.. ᾄδειν “SIG” 662.13 (Delos, 2nd c.BC)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ῥυθμὸν ἐμβαίνειν to step in time, [[ 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 5.34. ] Refs 1st c.BC+]
__C.III.7 πρός c.accusative frequently periphrastic for adverb, π. βίαν, = βιαίως, under compulsion, νῦν χρὴ.. τινα π. βίαν πώνην [[ 7th-6th c.BC: Alcaeus Lyricus 20 (assuming variant); π. βίαν ἐπίνομεν 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 73; τὸ π. βίαν πίνειν ἴσον πέφυκε τῷ διψῆν κακόν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 735 ] Refs 7th c.BC+]; ἥκω.. π. βίαν under compulsion, [[ 5th c.BC: Critias Philosophus, Tragicus, Elegiacus 16.10 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; by force, forcibly, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 210, 355, etc.] Refs 4th c.BC+]; οὐ π. βίαν τινός not forced by any one, [[ [prev. author] “Eu.” 5 ] Refs] (but also, in spite of any one, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 657); π. τὸ βίαιον 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 130 (Lyric poetry); π. τὸ καρτερόν [prev. author] “Pr.” 214 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ἀλκήν, π. ἀνάγκαν, [[ [prev. author] “Th.” 498, “Pers.” 569 (Lyric poetry); οὐ διαχωρέεει [ἡ γαστὴρ] εἰ μὴ π. ἀνάγκην 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “προγνωστικόν” 8, 19; π. ἰσχύος κράτος 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 594; π. ἡδονὴν εἶναί τινι 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 494 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ἡδονὴν λέγειν, δημηγορεῖν, so as to please, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.65, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 921, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 4.38, compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 773; οἱ πάντα π. ἡδονὴν ἐπαινοῦντες 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1126b13; ἅπαντα π. ἡδ. ζητεῖν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 1.15, compare 18.4 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; λούσασθαι τὸ σῶμα π. ἡδ. as much or little as one like s, [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “γυναικεῖα” 2.133; πίνειν π. ἡδ. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 176e ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τὸ τερπνόν calculated to delight, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.53 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. χάριν so as to gratify, μήτε π. ἔχθραν ποιεῖσθαι λόγον μήτε π. χ. [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 8.1, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1152; π. χάριν δημηγορεῖν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 3.3, etc.:] Refs 5th c.BC+] with genitive _of things_, π. χάριν τινός for the sake of, π. χ. βορᾶς [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 30, compare “Ph.” 1156 (Lyric poetry); π. ἰσχύος χ. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]by means of, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 538 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ὀργήν with anger, angrily, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 369, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.65, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 53.16 (variant); π. ὀργὴν ἐλθεῖν τινι [prev. author] 39.23, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τὸ λιπαρές importunately, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1119; π. εὐσέβειαν [prev. author] “El.” 464 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. καιρόν seasonably, [[ [prev. author] “Aj.” 38, etc.; π. φύσιν [prev. author] “Tr.” 308 ] Refs]; π. εὐτέλειαν cheaply, [[ 4th c.BC: Antiphanes Comicus 226.2 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. μέρος in due proportion, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 36.32; π. ὀλίγον μέρος “Geoponica” 2.15.1 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; τέτραπτο π. ἰθύ οἱ straight towards him, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.403 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. ὀρθὰς (i.e. γωνίας (.. τῇ AEB at right angles to, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Meteorologica” 373a14, compare 3rd c.BC: Euclides Geometra 1.11, 3rd c.BC: Archimedes Geometra “περὶ σφαίρας καὶ κυλίνδρου” 1.3; π. ὀρθὴν τέμνουσα 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Meteorologica” 363b2 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. ἀχθηδόνα, π. ἀπέχθειαν, [[ 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Tox.” 9, “Hist.Conscr.” 38 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; γυνὴ π. ἀλήθειαν οὖσα in truth a woman, a very woman, [[ 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 15.687a, compare 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “JTr.” 48, “Alex.” 61: with _superlative_, π. τὰ μέγιστα] Refs 2nd c.AD+] in the highest degree, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.20. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__C.III.8 of Numbers. up to, about, [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 16.7.5, etc.: compare πρόσπου. ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]
__D AB[[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus ] Refs 5th c.BC+] AS adverb., besides, over and above; in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus always π. δέ or ποτὶ δέ, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.307, 10.108, +others, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.71, etc.; π. δὲ καί [prev. work] 164, 207; π. δὲ ἔτι [prev. author] 3.74; καὶ π. [prev. author] 7.154, 184, probably in 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 301, etc.; καὶ π. γε 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Helena” 110, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 328a, 466e; καὶ.. γε π. 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 73; καὶ δὴ π. 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.67 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; frequently at the end of a second clause, τάδε λέγω, δράσω τε π. [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 622; ἀλογία.., καὶ ἀμαθία γε π. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Meno” 90e, compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 610; ἐνενήκοντα καὶ μικρόν τι π. 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 4.28, compare 22.60. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__E IN COMPOSITION (joined with other words),
__E.I motion towards, as προσάγω, προσέρχομαι, etc.
__E.II addition, besides, as προσκτάομαι, προσδίδωμι, προστίθημι, etc.
__E.III a being on, at, by, or beside: hence, a remaining beside, and metaphorically connexion and engagement with anything, as πρόσειμι, προσγίγνομαι, etc.
__F.1 in poetry πρός sometimes stands after its case and before an attribute, ποίμνας βουστάσεις τε π. πατρός [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 653, compare “Th.” 185, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 178 (Lyric poetry), 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 94 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἄστυ πότι (or ποτὶ) σφέτερον [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.419, compare 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 4.5. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__F.2 in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus it is frequently separated from its Verb by tmesis. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__F.3 sometimes (in violation of the rule given by [[ 2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Syntaxi;” 127.8, “Pron.” 42.5)] Refs 2nd c.AD+] followed by an enclitic pronoun, πρός με [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 292, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 1055, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.14 (variant), 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 978, “Pk.” 77, “Comica Adespota” 15.25 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator, 22.68 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
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STEPBible TFLSJ (Translators Formatted full LSJ Bible lexicon), CC BY 4.0, Tyndale House. Greek lexical entries from the full Liddell-Scott-Jones lexicon, formatted by Tyndale House Cambridge for biblical study.
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