προσκῠν-έω,
future -ήσω[[ 6th c.BC: Hipponax Iambographus 32 (tmesis), 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 469a ] Refs 6th c.BC+]: aorist προσεκύνησα [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 5.3.18; poetry προσέκῠσα 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 640, _imperative_ πρόσκυσον [prev. work] 156, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 776 ] Refs 5th c.BC+], infinitive -κύσαι [[ [prev. work] 657 ] Refs], participle -κύσας [[ [prev. work] 533, 1408 (troch.)] Refs]: perfect -κεκύνηκα[[ LXX.Exo.32.8, “OGI” 196.2 (Egypt, 1st c.BC)] LXX+1st c.BC+]:—passive, present infinitive προσκυνεῖσθαι [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Troades” 1021 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: aorist προσεκυνήθην [[ 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Anabasis” 4.11.9 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]:— make obeisance to the gods or their images, fall down and worship, with accusative, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.121, etc.; γῆν τε π. ἅμα καὶ τὸν θεῶν Ὄλυμπον 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1654, compare 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 499, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 156: proverbial, οἱ -κυνοῦντες τὴν Ἀδράστειαν σοφοί] Refs 5th c.BC+], of deprecating the wrath of Nemesis, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 936, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 451a; τὸν φθόνον δὲ πρόσκυσον 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 776; στεῖχε προσκύσας χθόνα, to avert divine wrath, [prev. work] 1408 (troch.) ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; of sacred places, do reverence to, πατρῷα ἕδη θεῶν [[ [prev. author] “El.” 1374; τὰς θήκας 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 469b; τὴν θόλον 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 19.314: _absolutely_, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 640. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__2 especially of the Oriental fashion of prostrating oneself before kings and superiors, absolutely, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.119, 8.118: with _accusative_, π. τὸν Δαρεῖον] Refs 5th c.BC+] make obeisance to him, [[ [prev. author] 3.86 ] Refs]; προσκυνεῖν διδάσκονται τὸν βασιλέα [οἱ ἐλέφαντες] [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 630b20 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; προσπίπτων π. [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.134, compare 7.136; πάντες σε προσκυνοῦμεν οἵδ᾽ ἱκτήριοι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 327 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; προσκυνῶ σ᾽, ἄναξ, προσπίτνων [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 1507 (troch.), compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 5.3.18, 8.3.14, 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Themistocles” 27, 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus [same place], etc.; κύψας ὁ λαὸς προσεκύνησεν LXX.Exo.12.27 ] LXX+5th c.BC+]; οὐδένα ἄνθρωπον δεσπότην ἀλλὰ τοὺς θεοὺς π. [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 3.2.13; π. τοὺς ὑβρίζοντας ὥσπερ ἐν τοῖς βαρβάροις 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.106: ironically, π. τινὰ ὡς ἱερὸν καὶ θαυμαστόν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 398a: later with _dative_, LXX.Gen.24.26, +others, NT.Matt.2.2, 11, NT.John.4.23, 2nd-3rd c.AD: Dio Cassius Historicus 67.13; τῳ θεῷ 1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus “Antiquitates Judaicae” 9.13.2 ] NT+5th c.BC+]. (Orig. perhaps throw a kiss to the god,[[compare 4th c.AD(?): Apuleius Scriptor Botanicus “Met.” 4.28: the gesture is probably represented in Sumerian and Babylonian art monuments.) ] Refs 4th c.AD+]