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πρότερος
and πρῶτος, comparative and superlative formed from πρό, opposed to ὕστερος, ὕστατος. comparative πρότερος, α, ον,
__I of Place, before, in front, π. πόδες the fore-feet, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.228 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. ἵπποι horses in front, [[ 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 5.43:] Refs 5th c.BC+] — but mostly,
__II of Time, former, earlier, ἄνδρες [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.405; ἄνθρωποι 5.637, 23.332 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; οἱ π. men of former times, [[ 4.308 (rarely without _Article_, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1338 (_anapaest meter_), etc.); οὗτος δὲ προτέρης γενεῆς π. τ᾽ ἀνθρώπων 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.790 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: also, older, opposed to ὁπλότερος, [[ 2.707, etc.; γενεῇ π. 15.182 ] Refs]; but παῖδες π. children by the first or a former marriage, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.22; παῖδες ἐκ τῆς π. γυναικός 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.2 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; τῇ προτέρῃ (i.e. ἡμέρᾳ) on the day before, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 16.50 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἠοῖ τῇ π. [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.794 (in Prose more frequently τῇ προτεραίᾳ, compare προτεραῖος)] Refs 8th c.BC+]; τοῦ π. ἐνιαυτοῦ the year before, [[ Inscriptiones Graecae 12.352.11] Refs]; τοῖς π. Παναθηναίοις the preceding P., [[[prev. work]57.8] Refs]; τὰ π. what has preceded, [[ 3rd c.AD: Plotinus Philosophus 3.2.8 ] Refs 3rd c.AD+]:—frequently used predicatively, sometimes where we should expect the adverb (which is never used by [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus), ὅ με π. κάκ᾽ ἔοργε 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.351, compare 16.569, 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 708, etc.; σπονδὰς οὐ λύσετε πρότεροι 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.123; οἱ π. ἐπιόντες [prev. passage]; τοῖς π. μετὰ Κύρου ἀναβᾶσι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.4.12, compare “IG” 22.1.7; εἰ μὴ π. ἑωράκη αὐτὸν ἢ ἐκεῖνος ἐμέ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 336d, compare 432c, etc.; ὅτι εἴη π. ὑπὸ ἐκείνων ἠδικημένος “PCair.Zēn.” 288.9 (3rd c.BC). ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
Close Browse lexicon entries __II.2 as regular comparative, with genitive, ἐμέο πρότερος [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.124; π. τούτων 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.168, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 86b, “Hp.Ma.” 282d; τὰς γυναῖκας μὴ ἀπιέναι προτέρας τῶν ἀνδρῶν “IG” 12(5).593.19 (Iulis, 5th c.BC)] Refs 8th c.BC+]; τῇ π. ἡμέρᾳ τῆς τροπῆς the day before.. , [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1316a16; προτέρᾳ εἰδυῶν Ὀκτωμβρίων “IG” 7.2225.14 (Thisbe, Senatus Consultum, 2nd c.BC); τῷ π. ἔτει Παναθηναίων τῶν μεγάλων [prev. work]22.212.27; τῷ π. ἔτει τῆς ἥττης 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 2.43.6: followed by ἤ, τῷ προτέρῳ ἔτεϊ ἢ τὸν κρητῆρα [ἐληΐσαντο] 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.47. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III of Rank, Worth, and generally of Precedence, superior, τῷ γένει, τῇ δυνάμει, [[ 4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 1.17, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 3.15 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. τινὸς πρός τι superior to him in.., [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Laches” 183b ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. τι ἄγειν, π. ποιήσασθαι τὰ σὰ πράγματα, [[ 4th c.AD: Libanius Sophista “Orationes” 58.36, 52.1. ] Refs 4th c.AD+]
__IV after [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, _neuter_ πρότερον] Refs 8th c.BC+] frequently as adverb, before, earlier, [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 13.31, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.45, “IG” 12.374.265, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὀλίγον π. [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 317e: with _genitive_, π. φήμης 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 866 (_anapaest meter_); ὀλίγῳ τι π. τούτων 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.95 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; πολλοῖσι ἔτεσι π. τούτων[[ [prev. work] 96; ἐνιαυτῷ π. τῆς ἁλώσεως 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 9.60 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; also πρὸ τῶν Περσικῶν δέκα ἔτεσι π. [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 642d, compare “Criti.” 112a ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τούτου π. [[ 2nd c.AD: Pausanias Periegeta 1.1.2: most frequently followed by ἤ, π. ἢ κατὰ τὴν προσδοκίαν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Sophista” 264b; also μὴ π. ἀπαναστῆναι ἢ ἐξέλωσι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.87, compare 7.54, 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 2.1.2, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.63, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]: with infinitive, π. ἢ βασιλεῦσαι [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.2, compare 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.69, etc.: followed by πρίν, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.82; by πρὶν ἄν, [prev. work] 140 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; by πρὶν ἤ with verb in Indic., [[ [prev. author] 6.45, 8.8, or Subj., 7.8.β (variant{πρὶν ἂν ἢ}), 9.93 ] Refs]; also οὐ π. εἰ μὴ.. [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Lysander” 10, etc.] Refs 1st c.AD+]; οὐ π. ἕως.., or ἕως ἂν.., [[ 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 12.71, 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 14.640c; μὴ π., ἀλλ᾽ ὅταν.. 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 9.13.3: also used with the _Article_, τὸ π. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 522a, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.4.14, etc. (τὸ π] Refs 5th c.BC+]., also, for the first time, Ep. Gal.[[ 4.13): with _genitive_, τὸ π. τῶν ἀνδρῶν τούτων 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.144 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: the adverb is frequently put between Article and substantive, ὁ π. βασιλεύς [[ [prev. author] 1.84; τὰ π. ἀδικήματα [prev. author] 6.87; αἱ π. ἁμαρτίαι 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 1355, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B superlative πρῶτος, η, ον, Doric dialect πρᾶτος (which see):
__B.I.1 of Place, foremost, πρώτοισιν ἐνὶ προμάχοισι μιγέντα [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.379 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐν πρώτοις, μετὰ πρώτοισι alone, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 19.424, 11.64; πρώτῃ ἐν ὑσμίνῃ, ἐνὶ πρώτῳ ὁμάδῳ, 15.340, 17.380 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; τῆς πρώτης τάττειν (i.e. τάξεως) [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 12.180, compare 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 16.15, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν π. ῥυμῷ at the front or end of the pole, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.40, 16.371 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; πρώτῃσι θύρῃσιν at the outermost doors, [[ 22.66 ] Refs]; π. ξύλον the front bench, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 25, 2nd c.AD(?): Pollianus Epigrammaticus 4.121, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἱ π. πόδες, like{πρόσθιοι}, [[ [prev. author] 1.193. ] Refs]
__B.I.2 of Time, στάντα πρὸς π. ἕω looking towards first dawn, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 477; περὶ π. νύκτα 2nd c.AD(?): Pollianus Epigrammaticus 1.70. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.I.3 of Order, serving as ordinal to εἷς, ἄεθλα θῆκε.. τῷ πρώτῳ· ἀτὰρ αὖ τῷ δευτέρῳ.., αὐτὰρ τῷ τριτάτῳ.., κτλ., [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.265, compare 6.179; opposed to ὕστατος, 2.281, 5.703, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; opposed to τελευταῖος, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 314 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; opposed to τανύστατος, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.449; πρῶτοι πάντων ἀνθρώπων 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.2; τὰ π. τῶν ὀνομάτων 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Cratylus” 421d; τῇ π. τῶν ἡμερέων 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.168, etc.; π. ἄξων “IG” 12.115.10 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐπὶ τοῦ π. [ἱερείου] first-offered, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.3.9 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν τοῖς π. λόγοις in the earlier books, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Physica” 263a11, +others] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἐν πρώτοις among the first, [[ 4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 7.40 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; hence, above all, especially, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.69, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 522c ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; in Attic dialect, ἐν τοῖς πρῶτοι (see. ὁ, ἡ, τό [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus VIII. 6):—frequently used predicatively of being the first to do something, Νέστωρ πρῶτος κτύπον ἄϊε 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.532; πρῶτος ἀνατέλλει 3rd c.BC: Eratosthenes Epicus “Cal.” 42; εἴθε π. σοι ἐνέτυχον 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Tyr.” 21. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__B.I.3.b Philos., first in order of existence, primary, αἱ π. οὐσίαι [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Categoriae” 2b26, compare “Metaphorical” 1032b2; π. ὕλη, π. φιλοσοφία, [prev. work] 1015a7, 1061b19 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; primitive, simple, οἰκία π., ἡ π. πόλις, [[ [prev. author] “Pol.” 1252b10, 1291a17; ἡ π. κοινωνία [prev. work] 1257a19; ἡ π. ὀλιγαρχία [prev. work] 1293a14 ] Refs]; ὁ π. συλλογισμός normal, typical, [[ [prev. author] “Rh.” 1357a17 ] Refs]; τὰ π. σώματα, μόρια,= τὰ ὁμοιομερῆ, [[ 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 5.673,674] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; πρῶτα κατὰ φύσιν, e.g. health, perception, [[ “Stoicorum Veterum Fragmenta” 3.34; τὰ π. πάθη [prev. work]92; αἱ π. ἀρεταί [prev. work]64. ] Refs]
__B.I.3.c in Mathematics texts, πρῶτοι ἀριθμοί prime numbers, [[ 3rd c.BC: Euclides Geometra 7 “Def.” 11,12] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; but also, first numbers (= 1 to 100,000,000) in the notation of [[ 3rd c.BC: Archimedes Geometra, “Aren.” 3.2. ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]
__B.I.3.d πρῶτος is sometimes used where we should expect πρότερος, Αἰνείας δὲ πρῶτος ἀκόντισεν [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.502, compare 18.92 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: in late Greek followed by genitive, πρῶτός μου ἦν [[ NT.John.1.15, 30, compare 15.18; οἱ πρῶτοί μου ταῦτα ἀνιχνεύσαντες 2nd-3rd c.AD: Aelianus “De Natura Animalium - Ar.Byzantine Epit.” 8.12; πρώτη εὕρηται ἡ περὶ τοὺς πόδας κίνησις τῆς διὰ τῶν χειρῶν 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 14.630c; γεννήτορα πρῶτον μητέρος εἰς ἀΐδην πέμψει 4th c.AD(?): Manetho Astrologus 1.329, 4.404 ] NT+2nd c.AD+]; ἀλόχου πρῶτος before his wife, [[ “IG” 12(5).590.5 (vi (?) 2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus). ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__B.I.4 of Rank or Dignity, μετὰ πρώτοισιν among the first men of the state, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.60, etc.; νομίσαντες πρῶτοι ἂν εἶναι 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.28 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; διαβάλλειν τοὺς π. [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.6.26, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1266a18; αἱ π. πόλεις 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.8; ὁ π. ἄρχων “IG” 12(3).481.10 (from Thera), “CIG” “Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum” “Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum” 2837 (from Aphrodisias)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ π. τῆς πόλεως, as a title, [[ “IG” 12(5).292.2 (from Paros)] Refs]; ὁ π. τῆς νήσου [[ NT.Act.28.7 ] NT]; τῶν π. φίλων, title at the Ptolemaic court, [[ “PTeb.” 31.15 (2nd c.BC), etc.] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; τῶν π., as military title, [[ “PHib.” 1.110.72 (3rd c.BC), “PPetr.” 3p.23 (3rd c.BC), “PTeb.” 815 “fragment” 4.23, +others(3rd c.BC)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]: with genitive, ἐν πρώτοισι Μυκηναίων [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.643; οἱ π. στρατοῦ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1305, compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 304, etc.: with _dative_ modi, ἀρετῇ π., οἱ π. καὶ χρήμασι καὶ γένει, πλούτῳ π. τῶν Ἑλλήνων, etc., 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1425, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.65, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 16.31, etc.; π. ἐν συμφοραῖς βίου 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 33. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__B.I.5 of Degree, first, highest, μοῖρα [[ [prev. author] “OC” 145 (_anapaest meter_), etc. ] Refs]
__B.II as substantive in neuter plural πρῶτα, τά,
__B.II.1 (i.e. ἆθλα), first prize, τὰ π. λαβών [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.275; τὰ π. δόρει κρατύνων 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1313; ἔχειν πρῶτα κυναγεσίας “Anthologia Graeca” 6.118 (Antip.); τὰ π. φέρεσθαι 2nd-3rd c.AD: Dio Cassius Historicus 42.57, etc. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__B.II.2 first part, beginning, τῆς Ἰλιάδος τὰ π. [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 392e ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν τοῖς π. [[ [prev. author] “Smp.” 221d; τὸ π. τοῦ ᾄσματος [prev. author] “Prt.” 343c. ] Refs]
__B.II.3 first, highest, in degree, τὰ π. τᾶς λιμῶ (Doric dialect) the extremities of famine, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 743 (nisi to be read ἄπρατα); ἐχέτωσαν τὰ π. τῆς εὐδαιμονίας 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Cont.” 10; ἐς τὰ π. τιμᾶσθαι 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.39, compare 56 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; φρενῶν ἐς τὰ ἐμεωυτοῦ π. οὔκω ἀνήκω I have not yet come to the highest development of my judgment, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.13, compare 2nd-3rd c.AD: Dio Cassius Historicus 38.22 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; of persons, ἐὼν τῶν Ἐρετριέων τὰ π. [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.100 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; Λάμπων.. Αἰγινητέων [ἐὼν] τὰ π. [[ [prev. author] 9.78, compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 917 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐστὶν τὰ π. τῆς ἐκεῖ μοχθηρίας (of a person) [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 421. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.II.4 Philos., primary things, elements, [[ 5th c.BC: Empedocles Poeta Philosophus 38.1, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Generatione et Corruptione” 335a29; τὰ π. αἴτια [prev. author] “Mete.” 338a20; also τὸ π. ἐνυπάρχον ἑκάστῳ [prev. author] “Ph.” 193a10. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.II.5 in Logic, the first undemonstrable propositions, on which all future conclusions rest, [[ [prev. author] “Top.” 100b18; τὰ π. ἀναπόδεικτα [prev. author] “APo.” 71b26. ] Refs]
__B.III in Adverbial phrases,
__B.III.1 τὴν πρώτην (i.e. ὥραν, ὁδόν) first, for the present, just now, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.134, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Thesmophoriazusae” 662, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 3.2, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 1038a35, etc.; τὴν πρώτην εἶναι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.153. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.III.2 with Preps., ἀπὸ πρώτης (i.e. ἀρχῆς) [[ 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.56, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.77; ἀπὸ τῆς π. εὐθύς 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Hist.Conscr.” 1 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐκ π. [[ 2nd c.AD: Babrius Fabularum Scriptor 45.14; κατὰ πρώτας 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 292b, 2nd-3rd c.AD: Dio Cassius Historicus 52.19; κατὰ τὴν π. εὐθύς [prev. author] 62.3 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; παρὰ τὴν π. the first time, opposed to ἐπὶ τῆς δευτέρας, [[ 2nd-3rd c.AD: Philostratus Sophista “Vita Apollonii” 1.22. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__B.III.3 frequently as adverb in neuter singular and plural, πρῶτον, πρῶτα,
__B.III.3.a first, in the first place, πρῶτόν τε καὶ ὕστατον (vulgar form ὕστερον) [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 34; π. μὲν.., δεύτερον αὖ.., τὸ τρίτον αὖ.. 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.179 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; τί π. τοι ἔπειτα, τί δ᾽ ὑστάτιον καταλέξ; [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.14; Κύπριδα μὲν πρῶτα.., αὐτὰρ ἔπειτ᾽.. 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.458; οὐρῆας μὲν π. ἐπῴχετο.., αὐτὰρ ἔπειτα.. 1.50; π. μὲν.., ἔπειτα δὲ.. 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 632, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 2.1.2, 23, “An.” 5.6.7 - 8, “Hier.” 11.8, etc.; π. μὲν.., ἔπειτα.. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 89a, etc.; π. μὲν.., ἔπειτα δεύτερον.., τρίτον δὲ.. 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.7; π. μὲν.., εἶτα.. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Philebus” 15b; π. μὲν.., εἶτα δὲ.. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.2.16; π. μὲν.., εἶτα.., ἔτι δὲ.. [prev. author] “Mem.” 1.2.1; π. μὲν..,.. δὲ αὖ.. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 935a; π. μὲν.., ἔτι δὲ.. 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 4.10, etc.; π. μὲν.., ἔτι τοίνυν.. 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 44.57 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; frequently answered only by δέ, [[ [prev. author] 9.48, etc.] Refs]; sometimes the answering clause must be supplied, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 810, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 7.7, etc.: also πρῶτον μὲν.. δεύτερον μήν.. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Philebus” 66a: also πρῶτα μὲν.., ἔπειτα.. 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 616, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 728; πρῶτα μὲν.., ἔπειτα.., εἶτα.. 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 548; πρῶτα μὲν..,.. δὲ.. 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 447 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; πρῶτα μὲν.., ἔπειτα δὲ.. X [[ “HG” 7.1.7, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 919 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπεί σε πρῶτα κιχάνω since my first meeting is with you, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.228, compare 7.53, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 8.274: also τὸ πρῶτον] Refs 8th c.BC+], first, in the first place, at the beginning, ὡς τὸ π. ὑπέστην καὶ κατένευσα [[ 4.267; οὕνεκά σ᾽ οὐ τὸ π., ἐπεὶ ἴδον, ὧδ᾽ ἀγάπησα 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 23.214. compare 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.443, 6.345, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 9.41, “N.” 3.49 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; τὸ μὲν οὖν π. [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 333d, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ π..., μετὰ ταῦτα.. [[Dem. 1.12: also τὰ π., 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.6, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.257, etc.; πόντῳ μὲν τὰ π..., αὐτὰρ ἔπειτα.. 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.424; τὰ π. μὲν.., ὡς δὲ.. 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 412; τὰ π..., τέλος δὲ.. 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 149.5, compare 966. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__B.b too early, before the time, ἦ τ᾽ ἄρα καὶ σοὶ πρῶτα (variant for{πρωΐ}) παραστήσεσθαι ἔμελλε Μοῖρ᾽ ὀλοή [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 24.28. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__B.c ={πρότερον}, before, ἢν.. πρῶτον ἀπόλωμαι κακῶς [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 1079; π. οὐδ᾽ ὑφ᾽ ἑνὸς.. κρατηθέντες 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 5.4.1 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; θάλασσα π. ἦν ἢ γενέσθαι γῆν variant in [[ 1st c.AD(?): Heraclitus 31; λόγῳ π. ἢ τοῖς ἔργοις 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica ad Alexandrum” 1420b28; οὐ π. αὐτὴν ἀπέκτειναν πρὶν ἢ ἀπεκύησεν 2nd-3rd c.AD: Aelianus “Varia Historia” 5.18; π. συμμελετᾶν ἢ μελετᾶν μαθέτω “Anthologia Graeca” 12.206 (2nd c.AD: Strato Epigrammaticus). ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__B.d first, for the first time, οὐ.. νῦν πρῶτα ποδώκεος ἄντ᾽ Ἀχιλῆος στήσομαι [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 20.89; οὐ νῦν πρῶτον, ἀλλὰ καὶ πάλαι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 966; ἐνταῦθα πρῶτον ἔφαγον 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.3.16. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__B.e πρῶτον, πρῶτα are used after the relative pronoun and after relative adverbs, like Engl.once (= at all), οὐδ᾽ ἐνοσίχθων λήθετ᾽ ἀπειλάων, τὰς.. Ὀδυσῆϊ π. ἐπηπείλησε [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.127, compare 3.320, 10.328, 13.133, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.319, 19.136 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; μοῖραν δ᾽ οὔ τινά φημι πεφυγμένον ἔμμεναι ἀνδρῶν.. ἐπὴν τὰ π. γένηται when once he is born,[[ 6.489, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.183, 4.13, 414; οὔτε.. Λυκίους ἐδύναντο τείχεος ἂψ ὤσασθαι, ἐπεὶ τὰ π. πέλασθεν 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.420, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.106, 221 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; also ἐπεὶ τὸ (or τὰ) π. now that.. , ἀλλ᾽ ἐπεὶ οὖν τὸ π. ἀνέκραγον, οὐκ ἐπικεύσω now that I have spoken up,[[ 14.467; τὸ μὲν οὔ ποτε φύλλα καὶ ὄζους φύσει, ἐπεὶ δὴ πρῶτα τομὴν ἐν ὄρεσσι λέλοιπε 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.235, compare 276, 19.9: with ] Refs 8th c.BC+]participle, τῷ ῥ᾽ Αἴας τὸ π. ἐφεζόμενος μέγ᾽ ἀάσθη (the rock) on which once seated Aeschylus blasphemed, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.509 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: the sense as soon as is never necessary in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus ] Refs 8th c.BC+], but is possible in [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.414, 19.355 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; δινέμεν εὖτ᾽ ἂν πρῶτα φανῇ σθένος Ὠαρίωνος when once (or perhaps, as soon as), [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 598 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὅπως τις πρῶτα γένοιτο πάντας ἀποκρύπτεσκε as soon as each was born, [[ [prev. author] “Th.” 156 ] Refs]; ὡς τὸ π. [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 7.8.14; τότ᾽ εὐθὺς.., ὅτε πρῶτον εἶδον 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.141 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; αὖθίς με ἀνερέσθαι ὅταν ἐντύχῃς πρῶτον the first time you meet me, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Lysis” 211b; ἐὰν μάθω γε πρῶτον.. τί λέγεις [prev. author] “R.” 338c. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.IV adverb πρώτως primarily, first in [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus, π. καὶ κυρίως “EN” 1157a30; opposed to δευτέρως, [prev. work] 1158b31 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. καθ᾽ αὑτό, opposed to κατὰ συμβεβηκός, [[ [prev. author] “Ph.” 192b22, compare 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 1.692, +others, 4th c.AD: Julianus Imperator “Orationes” 5.168b. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__B.IV.2 ὅτε π. ἐπεδήμησεν.. when he first visited.., [[ “BSA” 27.228 (Sparta, 2nd c.AD).] Refs 2nd c.AD+] —(From πρῶτος was formed a new _superlative_ πρώτιστος, which see)
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STEPBible TFLSJ (Translators Formatted full LSJ Bible lexicon), CC BY 4.0, Tyndale House. Greek lexical entries from the full Liddell-Scott-Jones lexicon, formatted by Tyndale House Cambridge for biblical study.
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