πύργος, ὁ,
tower, especially such as were attached to the walls of a city, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.219, +others, 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Scutum Herculis” 242, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.74, +others, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.17, +others, 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 5.99.9, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]: in plural, city walls or ramparts with their towers, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.338, 437; in _sing._, ἧντ᾽ ἐπὶ πύργῳ 3.153, compare 22.447; πόλιος ἣν πέρι πύργος ὑψηλός 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.262; πέριξ δὲ πύργος εἶχ᾽ ἔτι πτόλιν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 1209; πύργους ἐπὶ τῶν γεφυρῶν ἐπιστῆσαι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Critias” 116a. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__b movable tower for storming towns, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 6.1.53, 6.2.18; π. ὑπότροχοι 1st c.AD: Onosander (Onasander) Tacticus 42.3. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__c tower on the back of war-elephants, [[ 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Tactica” 2.4. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__d Ζανὸς π., [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Pythagoras Philosophus ] Refs 4th c.BC+] name for the central fire of the universe, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Fragmenta” 204. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__2 metaphorically, tower of defence, τοῖος.. σφιν π. ἀπώλεο, of Ajax, [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.556; ἄνδρες πόλιος π. ἀρεύϊος 7th-6th c.BC: Alcaeus Lyricus “Supp.” 1a.10; παῖς ἄρσην πατέρ᾽ ἔχει π. μέγαν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 311, compare “Med.” 390; ἅπας μοι π. Ἑλλήνων πατρίς “Tragica Adespota” 392 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; θανάτων δ᾽ ἐμᾷ χώρᾳ π. ἀνέστα a tower of defence from deaths, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1201 (Lyric poetry). ] Refs 5th c.BC+]