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σημαίνω,
[[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.58, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; σᾱμαίνω, [[ “Schwyzer” 686.23 (from Pamphylia)] Refs]: Ionic dialect imperfect σημαίνεσκον [[ 4th c.AD(?): Quintus Smyrnaeus Epicus 4.193 ] Refs 4th c.AD+]: future σημᾰνῶ [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 497, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.20 ] Refs 5th c.BC+], Ionic dialect -ᾰνέω[[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.26, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.75: ] Refs 8th c.BC+]aorist ἐσήμηνα[[ [prev. work] 43, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.71 ] Refs 5th c.BC+], Epic dialect σήμηνα [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.358 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; but in codices of [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus (“HG” 1.1.2, +others) and later writers (1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Strabo Geographus 13.3.6, NT.Act.25.27, 2nd c.AD: Polyaenus Historicus 1.41.3, 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Anabasis” 1.6.2) ἐσήμᾱνα, and so in Mitteis “Chr.” 29.8 (2nd c.BC)] NT+5th c.BC+]: perfect σεσήμαγκα [[ 4th c.BC: Aristobulus Historicus cited in 4th c.AD: Eusebius Caesariensis Scriptor Ecclesiasticus “Praeparatio Evangelica” 13.12, 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Epicteti Dissertationes” 3.26.29:] Refs 4th c.BC+] —middle, future σημᾰνοῦμαι, Ionic dialect -έομαι[[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “προγνωστικόν” 3, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]: aorist ἐσημηνάμην [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.175, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]:—passive, future σημανθήσομαι [[ 2nd c.AD: Sextus Empiricus Philosophus “adversus Mathematicos” 8.267, (ἐπι-) 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 1593 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: future middle in passive sense, [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ τῶν ἐντὸς παθῶν” 44 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: aorist ἐσημάνθην [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 47.16 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]: perfect σεσήμασμαι [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.39, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 32.7, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 954a, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; 3rd.pers. singular σεσήμανται [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.125 ] Refs 5th c.BC+], infinitive σεσημάνθαι [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Lysistrata” 1196 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: (σῆμα):—show by a sign, indicate, point out, τέρματα [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.358; δείξω ὁδὸν ἠδὲ ἕκαστα σημανέω 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.26 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; τοῦτον σημήνας after indicating the person, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.5; τέκμαρ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 667; θησαύρισμα 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 37; σ. τι περί τινος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 682a; σ. ὅ τι χρὴ ποιεῖν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Apologia Socratis” 12 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; σ. εὔδια πάντα (i.e. εἶναι) [[ 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 22.22:] Refs 3rd c.BC+] —middle, πάντα σημαίνει you have all things shown you (?), [[ “epigram Gr.” 1039.11 (from Limyra). ] Refs]
__2 absolutely, give signs, φθόγγος, φῶς σ., [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 245, “Ag.” 293; ὁ λόγος σημαινέτω 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 345 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; σ. καπνῷ make signal, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 497: frequently in 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus ] Refs 5th c.BC+] in future with αὐτός, πλοῦς αὐτὸς σημανεῖ [[ “Hel.” 151; τὸ δ᾽ ἔργον αὐτὸ σημανεῖ “Andr.” 265 ] Refs]; αὐτὸ σημανεῖ (without substantive) [[ “Ph.” 623; τἄλλα δ᾽ αὐτὸ σημανεῖ “Ba.” 976. ] Refs]
__3 of the Delphic oracle, οὔτε λέγει οὔτε κρύπτει ἀλλὰ σημαίνει [[ 1st c.AD(?): Heraclitus 93 ] Refs 1st c.AD+]; so of omens, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.1.2, etc.; σ. ἐν τοῖς ἱεροῖς [prev. author] “An.” 6.1.31; περί τινος [prev. author] “Mem.” 1.1.19; ἐπὶ τοῖς μέλλουσι γενήσεσθαι 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.8; πρὸ τῶν μελλόντων 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 5.4.17 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, σημαίνεσθαι διὰ τῶν ἐμπύρων [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.222f, etc. ] Refs 1st c.AD+]
__4 in later Prose intransitive, appear, be manifest, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 533a11 ] Refs 4th c.BC+] (but passive in same sense,[[ [prev. work] 588b18); σ. ἐκ τῶν εἰρημένων 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Epinomis” 989a; compare δηλόω 11. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__4.b σημαίνει impersonal, signs appear, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Problemata” 941b2, 944a4. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__II give a sign or signal to do a thing, or bid one do it, with dative person et infinitive, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.116, 6.78, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 26, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 688, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 6.1.24 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; give orders to, bear command over, with dative, πᾶσι δὲ σημαίνειν [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.289, compare 10.58, 17.250 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; with genitive, στρατοῦ [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.85; also σ. ἐπὶ δμῳῇσι γυναιξίν 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.427 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: absolutely, give orders, ὁ δὲ σημαίνων ἐπέτελλεν [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.445, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.450: in ] Refs 8th c.BC+]participle, σημαίνων,= σημάντωρ, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 704 codices ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.2 in war or battle, give the signal of attack, etc., [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.84, etc.; in full, σ. τῇ σάλπιγγι 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.45, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.2.1, 5th c.BC: Achaeus Tragicus 37.3; σ. τῷ κέρατι ὡς ἀναπαύεσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.2.4: with _accusative_, σ. ἀναχώρησιν] Refs 5th c.BC+] give a signal for retreat, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.10; ἐπειδὰν ὁ σαλπιγκτὴς σημήνῃ τὸ πολεμικόν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.3.29, compare 4.3.32; τὸ ἀνακλητικόν 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.236e ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: with infinitive, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.4.18, etc.: _impersonal_ σημαίνει (i.e. ὁ σαλπιγκτής)] Refs 5th c.BC+], signal is given, as τοῖσι Ἕλλησι ὡς ἐσήμηνε when signal was given for the Greeks to attack, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.11: with ] Refs 5th c.BC+]infinitive, ἐσήμαινε παραρτέεσθαι πάντα signal was given to make all ready, [[ [prev. author] 9.42, compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Heraclidae” 830 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also σ. ἐπὶ πλόον πῦρ gives the signal for sailing, [[ 3rd-4th c.AD: Tryphiodorus Epicus 145. ] Refs 3rd c.AD+]
__II.3 generally, σ. [τῷ ἵππῳ] τι, προχωρεῖν σ. τῷ ἵππῳ, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “de Equitandi ratione” 9.4, 7.10. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.4 make signals, εἰς τὴν πόλιν [[ [prev. author] “HG” 6.2.33; σ. ὡς πολεμίων ἐπιόντων [prev. work] 7.2.5:] Refs] —passive, ἐσημάνθησαν προσπλέουσαι[[ [prev. work] 6.2.34: _absolutely_, σημανθέντων τῷ Ἀστυάγει ὅτι.. [prev. author] “Cyr.” 1.4.18. ] Refs]
__III signify, indicate, declare, φόνον [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hercules Furens” 1218; τινί τι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.18, 9.49, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 226: followed by ὡς.., 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.34 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; by ὅτι.., [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 320, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 62c; σ. ὅστις 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 618; σ. ὅ τι χρή σοι συμπράσσειν [prev. work] 297 (_anapaest meter_); σ. ὅπῃ γῆς πεπλάνημαι [prev. work] 564 (_anapaest meter_)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; σ. ὅπου.. [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 1294; σ. ὅτου τ᾽ εἶ χὠπόθεν [prev. author] “fragment” 104; σ. εἴτε.. [prev. author] “Ph.” 22; σ. ποίῳ θανάτῳ.. NT.John.12.33, 21.19 ] NT+5th c.BC+]: with participle, signify that a thing is, φρυκτοῦ φῶς.. σημαίνει μολόν [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 293; Κρέοντα προσστείχοντα σημαίνουσί μοι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 79, compare “OC” 1669; ταῦτα ὡς πολέμου ὄντος σημαίνει 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 626e, compare 722e:] Refs 5th c.BC+] —passive, ὁ σημαινόμενος δοῦλος the abovementioned slave, [[ “POxy.” 283.12 (1st c.AD): _absolutely_, σημανθέντος ] Refs 1st c.AD+]it having been reported, [[ PAmh. 2.31.8 (2nd c.BC), compare above 11.4. ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]
__III.2 interpret, explain, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.108 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; tell, speak, [[ [prev. author] 3.106: _absolutely_, σήμαινε] Refs] tell, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 51, compare “OT” 1050; οὐ στηλῶν μόνον σ. ἐπιγραφή 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.43. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.3 of a writer, signify, indicate, ὅτι.. [[ 1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Strabo Geographus 8.6.5 ] Refs 1st c.BC+]; of words, sentences, etc., signify, mean, ταὐτὸν σημαίνει [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Cratylus” 393a, compare 437c, “Phdr.” 275d, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Physica” 213b30, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; σημαίνοντα significant sounds, opposed to ἄσημα, [[ [prev. author] “Po.” 1457a32f:] Refs] —passive, τὸ σημαινόμενον the sense, meaning of words, [[ [prev. author] “Rh.” 1405b8, 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis “de Thucydide” 31, 2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Pronominibus;” 12.27, +others] Refs 1st c.BC+]; opposed to τὸ σημαῖνον, [[ 3rd c.BC: Chrysippus Stoicus 2.38 (_plural_). ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]
__B middle σημαίνομαι, give oneself a token, i.e. conclude from signs, conjecture, τὰ μὲν σημαίνομαι, τὰ δ᾽ ἐκπέπληγμαι [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 32 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἄστροις σ. [τὰς πόλεις], proverbial in [[ 2nd-3rd c.AD: Aelianus “De Natura Animalium - Ar.Byzantine Epit.” 7.48; σ. τι ἔκ τινος [prev. work] 2.7 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; of dogs hunting, μυξωτῆρσι σ. τι [[ 3rd c.AD: Oppianus Apamensis Epicus “Cynegetica” 1.454. ] Refs 3rd c.AD+]
__B.II provide with a sign or mark, seal, σημαίνεσθαι βύβλῳ (i.e. βοῦν), i.e. by sealing a strip of byblus round his horn, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.38, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 954c, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.2.17, 4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 7.1, 2, 4th c.BC: Hyperides Orator “adv. Athenogenem” 8:] Refs 5th c.BC+] —passive, εὖ σεσημάνθαι to be well sealed up, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Lysistrata” 1196 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ σεσημασμένα, opposed to τὰ ἀσήμαντα, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 954a, compare 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 32.7, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 39.17, “Ath.Mitt.” 7.368. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.II.2 mark out, choose for oneself, τοὺς εὐρωστοτάτους [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.71.7. ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]
