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σπάω,
[[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 1003, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Pax” 498, etc.: ] Refs 5th c.BC+]future σπάσω [ᾰ] [[ 3rd c.BC: Lycophron Tragicus 484, (δια-) 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.236, (ἐπι-) 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 769 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: aorist ἔσπᾰσα [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.178 (tmesis)] Refs 8th c.BC+], Epic dialect σπάσα [[ 5.859 (tmesis)] Refs], etc.: perfect ἔσπᾰκα [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Problemata” 930a21, (ἀν-) 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἐπικυήσιος” 22, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 1069 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]:—middle, future σπάσομαι [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ διαίτης” 2.38, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]: aorist ἐσπᾰσάμην [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 19.387, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.29, 2nd-3rd c.AD: Philostratus Sophista “Vita Apollonii” 7.42 ] Refs 8th c.BC+], Epic dialect σπασάμην [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.166, _Epic dialect_ also σπάσσασθε, σπασσάμενος (see. below)] Refs 8th c.BC+]:—passive, future σπασθήσομαι [[ 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 16.760, (δια-) 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.8.10 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: aorist ἐσπάσθην [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.458, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]: perfect ἔσπασμαι [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ νούσων” 1.20, (δι-) 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.98, etc.] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also in middle sense, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 7.4.16, “Cyr.” 7.5.29. Mostly poetry (ἕλκω being preferred in Prose)] Refs 5th c.BC+]:—draw, hence,
__I of a sword, draw, mostly in middle, φάσγανά τε σπάσσασθε [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.74; σπασσάμενος.. ἄορ παχέος παρὰ μηροῦ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.473; ἐκ δ᾽ ἄρα σύριγγος.. ἐσπάσατ᾽ ἔγχος 19.387; σπασαμένων τὰς μαχαίρας “PTeb.” 48.19 (2nd c.BC), compare 138 (2nd c.BC)] Refs 8th c.BC+]: in active, ξίφος σπάσαντα [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 1194; φάσγανον σπάσας χερί [prev. author] “IT” 322:] Refs 5th c.BC+] —passive, ἐσπασμένοι τὰ ξίφη having their swords drawn, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 7.4.16; ἐσπασμένον ὃν εἶχεν ἀκινάκην [prev. author] “Cyr.” 7.5.29; ἐσπασμένοις τοῖς ξίφεσι 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 4.52. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__I.2 of other things, ἐκ χειρὸς χεῖρα σπάσατο [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.321; σπασάμην ῥῶπάς τε λύγους τε 10.166 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὡς ἕκαστος ἔσπασεν τύχης πάλον drew the lot (out of the helmet), [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 333:] Refs 4th c.BC+] —passive, σπασθέντος (i.e. ἔγχεος ἔξω χροός) [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.458. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__I.3 absolutely, σπᾶτ᾽ ἀνδρείως pull, hoist away, like men, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Pax” 498. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II of violent actions, pluck off or out, κόμην [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1243; λάχνην [prev. author] “Tr.” 690 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; compare σπαστέος.
__II.2 tear, rend, especially of ravenous animals, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 258, 1003 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; λαιμοτόμους κεφαλάς uncertain reading in [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 776 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; σ. τοῖς ὄνυξιν [τοὺς νεοττούς], of the eagle, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 619b31:] Refs 4th c.BC+] —passive, φλέβιον, σάρκα σπασθῆναι, [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ νούσων” 1.17. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.3 wrench, sprain, τὸ σκέλος ἔσπασε [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Aratus” 33 ] Refs 1st c.AD+]:—passive, τὸν μηρὸν σπασθῆναι [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.134; τοὺς πόδας 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Cyclops” 639. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.4 snatch, tear or drag away, πῶλον παρὰ συννόμων [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 666e; ὑπὸ πτερῶν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 441 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, ἔλαφον ἀπ᾽ ἐμῶν γονάτων σπασθεῖσαν [[ [prev. author] “Hec.” 92 (Lyric poetry); ἐκ βραχίονος σπασθείς [prev. work] 408. ] Refs]
__II.5 metaphorically, carry away, draw aside, ἀλλά σ᾽ ἔσπασεν πειθώ [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 561; τὰ πάθη οἷον νεῦρα σ. ἡμᾶς 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 644e. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.6 in Medicine texts, cause convulsion or spasm, variant in [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἄρθρων ἐμβολῆς” 67 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, to be convulsed, σπασθεὶς ἀποθνῄσκει [[ [prev. author] “Aph.” 5.5, 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Historia Plantarum” 4.4.13, etc.] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἐσπᾶτο γὰρ πέδονδε καὶ μετάρσιος, of Heracles in his agony, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 786, compare σπάσμα, σπασμός] Refs 5th c.BC+]: metaphorically, to be harassed, anxious, [[ 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Epicteti Dissertationes” 1.1.16. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__III draw in, suck in, θρόμβον αἵματος [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 533; ἔσπασεν ἄμυστιν ἑλκύσας 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Cyclops” 417 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; συνεκθανεῖν σπῶντα χρὴ τῷ πώματι[[ [prev. work] 571; μεστὴν ἀκράτου Θηρίκλειον ἔσπασεν 2nd c.AD: Alexander Rhetor 5, compare 285 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; opposed to λάπτω, κάπτω, [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.699d, compare σπάσις 11 ] Refs 1st c.AD+]; σ. τὸν μαστόν suck it, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 587a33; σ. ἀμυστί 2nd-3rd c.AD: Aelianus “De Natura Animalium - Ar.Byzantine Epit.” 6.51 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; and in middle, ταυρείου σπασάμενος αἵματος [[ 2nd c.AD: Apollodorus Damascenus Mechanicus 1.9.27 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]:—passive, of the female, to be sucked, [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 576b11 (τὸ ἄγαν σπᾶσθαι probable reading);compare ἕλκω 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus 11.4. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__III.2 σ. τὸ πνεῦμα draw breath, [[ [prev. author] “Resp.” 473a2; τὸν ἀέρα τὸν κοινόν 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 531.7 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; absorb, ἕκαστον τῶν τοῦ σώματος τὸ αὑτῷ οἰκεῖον ἐσπακέναι [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Problemata” 930a21. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__III.3 metaphorically, derive, τροφήν, of winds, [[ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ διαίτης” 2.38; πειθώ τε καὶ εἵμερον ἔσπασε ἐκ.. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]drew, derived.., [[ Inscriptiones Graecae 14.889 (from Sinuessa)] Refs]; σ. ἔρωτα enjoy it, [[ 2nd-3rd c.AD: Oppianus Anazarbensis Epicus “Halieutica - Poetae Bucolici et Didactici” 4.270 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; ὀλίγον ὕπνου σ. snatch a little sleep, [[ 3rd c.AD: Heliodorus Scriptor Eroticus 5.1 ] Refs 3rd c.AD+]:—middle, [[ [prev. author] 2.16. ] Refs]
__IV draw tight, pull the reins, χαλινῷ τὸ στόμα τοῦ ἵππου [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “de Equitandi ratione” 9.7.1, compare 9.5; but τὸν χαλινὸν ἐκ τῶν ὀδόντων ἵππου 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 254e. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__IV.2 of angling, ἡ μήρινθος οὐδὲν ἔσπασεν [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Thesmophoriazusae” 928: hence proverbial, οὐκ ἔσπασεν ταύτῃ γε] Refs 5th c.BC+] 'he took nothing by his motion', [[ [prev. author] “V.” 175. ] Refs]
__V derive, ἐπωνυμίαν παρά τινων [[ 2nd-3rd c.AD: Philostratus Sophista “Vitae Sophistarum” 2.10.6, compare 2nd-3rd c.AD: Aelianus “De Natura Animalium - Ar.Byzantine Epit.” 14.15 (_middle_)] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; ἀρχὴν λυρικῆς καὶ πέρας σ. [[“Anthologia Graeca” 9.184 (assuming variant)] Refs]; ῥίζαν σ. τινός derive one's origin from.., [[ 3rd c.BC: Lycophron Tragicus 623; σ. τὴν κλῆσιν ἀπό τινος 2nd c.AD: Sextus Empiricus Philosophus “adversus Mathematicos” 1.46; ἔννοιαν θεοῦ ἐκ τῶν κατὰ τοὺς ὕπνους φαντασιῶν 4th-3rd c.BC: Epicurus Philosophus “Fragmenta” 353. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
