σπουδ-αῖος, α, ον
(σπουδή) properly in haste, quick, σ. τοὺς πόδας [[ 2nd c.AD(?): Pollianus Epigrammaticus 1.197, 3.149; τὸ σ. τῆς πορείας 2nd c.AD: Polyaenus Historicus 6.24 ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]:—but in ordinary use denoting energy or earnestness:
__I of persons, earnest, serious, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 2.2.16 (_superlative_),compare “Smp.” 8.3 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; active, zealous, in canvassing, [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Aemilius Paulus” 1. ] Refs 1st c.AD+]
__I.2 good, excellent in their several kinds, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.69 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to φαῦλος, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 757a, 814e, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Poetica” 1448a2] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀκροαταὶ-ότεροι [[5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 12.271 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; σ. αὐλητής, opposed to ἄνθρωπος μοχθηρός, [[ 4th c.BC: Antisthenes Rhetor cited in 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Pericles” 1; κιθαριστής 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1098a9; σκυτεύς [prev. author] “EE” 1219a22; ἀνδράποδον 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 9.31; σ. τὴν τέχνην 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 4.2.2; περί τι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 817a. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__I.3 in moral sense, good, opposed to πονηρός, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.3.19 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to φαῦλος, [[ [prev. author] “Cyr.” 2.2.24, 4th-3rd c.BC: Zeno Citieus Stoicus 1.52; οἱ σ. Λακεδαιμονίων 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 3.1.9; σ. τὰ ἤθη 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 1.4; τῷ ἀρετὴν ἔχειν σ. λέγεται 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Categoriae” 10b8, compare “EN” 1166a13, “Top.” 131b2 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; σπουδαῖον ={ἀγαθον}, [[ [prev. author] “EN” 1136b8, 1137b4 ] Refs]: generally, of all virtuous objects or qualities, [[ [prev. author] “Metaphorical” 1021b24, 1051b24, “EN” 1151a27, +others ] Refs]