τροπ-ή, ἡ,
(τρέπω) turn, turning:
__I τροπαὶ ἠελίοιο:
__I.a ὅθι τροπαὶ ἠελίοιο apparently denotes a point on the horizon, probably the West or place where the sum sets (so [[ 12th c.AD: Eustathius Episcopus Thessalonicensis 1787.20), 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.404. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__I.b each of two fixed points in the solar year, the solstices, first in [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus, ἠελίοιο τροπῇς ] Refs 8th c.BC+]at the time of the (winter) solstice, [[ “Op.” 479; μετὰ τροπὰς ἠελ. [prev. work]564,663 (with _Doric dialect_ _accusative_ _plural_ in -ᾰς); πεδὰ τὰς τροπάς 7th c.BC: Alcman Lyricus 33.5:—later the two solstices were distinguished as τροπαὶ θεριναί and χειμεριναί, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.19, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.16, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 767c, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 542b4ff, 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 6.405, etc. (rarely in _sing._, τροπὴ θερινή 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Meteorologica” 364b2, 1st c.BC: Geminus Astronomicus 1.13 ] Refs 7th c.BC+]; τ. χειμερινή[[ [prev. work] 15); τροπαὶ νότιοι 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 542b11 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; τ. βόρειοι, νότιοι, [[ 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.601a:] Refs 1st c.AD+] —when τροπαί is used alone, it mostly refers to the winter solstice, but the sense is always determined by the context, see [[ 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus ] Refs 8th c.BC+] [same places]; περὶ ἡλίου τροπάς (i.e. χειμερινάς) [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.39; εὐθὺς ἐκ τροπῶν 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 542b20 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]:—sometimes also of other heavenly bodies, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 39d; περὶ Πλειάδος δύσιν καὶ τροπάς 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 542b23, etc.; ἄστρων ἐπιτολάς, δύσεις, τροπάς 2nd c.AD: Alexander Rhetor 30.5; τροπὰς τῶν ἐνδεδεμένων ἄστρων 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Caelo” 296b4; τροπαὶ ἡλίου καὶ σελήνης 4th-3rd c.BC: Epicurus Philosophus “Epistulae” 2p.40U.:—sometimes four in number (the two equinoxes and two solstices), 2nd c.AD: Sextus Empiricus Philosophus “adversus Mathematicos” 5.11, 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 17(1).22; so (on a sun-dial) θερινὴ τ., ἰσημερινὴ τ., χειμερινὴ τ., Ἀρχ.Δελτ. 12.236 (from Samos). ] Refs 5th c.BC+]