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ὑπέρ [ῠ],
Epic dialect also ὑπείρ, used by [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus (for the sake of meter) only in the phrase ὑπεὶρ ἅλα (see. ὑπείρ); 4th c.AD(?): Arcadius Grammaticus ] Refs 8th c.BC+] ὁπέρ (which see): in Aeolic dialect replaced by περί (see. περί [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus V): _preposition_ governing _genitive_ and _accusative_, in 4th c.AD(?): Arcadius Grammaticus ] Refs 4th c.BC+] also dative (Cf. Sanskrit upaári 'above', Gothic ufar, O[[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus ] Refs 5th c.BC+] ofer 'over':—from it are formed the comparative and superlative ὑπέρτερος, -τατος, also adverb ὕπερθεν, and Nouns ὑπέρα, ὕπερος.)
__A WITH GENIT.,
__A.I of Place, over;
__A.I.1 in a state of rest, over, above, frequently in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, βάλε.. στέρνον ὑ. μαζοῖο 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.528 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; χιτωνίσκους ἐνεδεδύκεσαν ὑ. γονάτων not reaching to the knees, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 5.4.13; ἕστηκε.. ὅσον τ᾽ ὄργυι᾽ ὑ. αἴης 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.327; εἴθ᾽ ὑ. γῆς, εἴτ᾽ ἐπὶ γῆς, εἴθ᾽ ὑπὸ γῆς 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “de Igne” 1 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; στῆ δ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ὑ. κεφαλῆς stood over his head as he lay asleep, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.20, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.803, +others; πασάων ὕ. ἥ γε κάρη ἔχει 6.107; ὑ. πόλιος, ὅθι Ἕρμαιος λόφος ἐστίν, ἦα 16.471 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὑ. κεφαλῆς οἱ ἐγίνετο διεξελαύνοντι over head, i. e. over the gateway, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.187; ὑ. τῆς ὀροφῆς “IG” 12.373.246; ὑ. τοῦ ἀγάλματος [prev. work]264; ὄρος τὸ ὑ. Τεγέης 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.105 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ ὑ. κεφαλῆς the higher ground, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Agesilaus” 2.20 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; Ἰονίας ὑ. ἁλὸς οἰκέων on the Ionian sea, i.e. on its shores, [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 7.65; λιμὴν καὶ πόλις ὑ. αὐτοῦ κεῖται 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.46, compare 6.4, 2nd-3rd c.AD: Dio Cassius Historicus 40.14 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: of relative geographical position, above, farther inland, οἰκέοντες ὑ. Ἁλικαρνησσοῦ μεσόγαιαν [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.175; ἐξ Αἰθιοπίας τῆς ὑ. Αἰγύπτου 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.48; τοῖς ὑ. Χερρονήσου Θρᾳξίν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.6.2; ὑ. Μασσαλίας 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 2.14.8, compare 5.73.3, +others] Refs 5th c.BC+]: in Hellenistic Gr. the accusative is commoner in this sense, see below [[ 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus I. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
Close Browse lexicon entries __A.I.1.b of ships at sea, off a place, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.112, 8.95; ναυμαχίην τὴν ὑ. Μιλήτου γενομένην 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.25; ὑ. τούτου (i.e. Φαλήρου) ἀνακωχεύσαντες τὰς νέας [prev. work] 116. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.I.2 in a state of motion, over, across, κῦμα νηὸς ὑ. τοίχων καταβήσεται [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.382; τὸν δ᾽ ὑ. οὐδοῦ βάντα προσηύδα 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.575; πηδῶντος.. τάφρων ὕ. 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1279; ὑ. θαλάσσης καὶ χθονὸς ποτωμένοις 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 576 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐκκυβιστᾶν ὑ. [τῶν ξιφῶν] [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Symposium” 2.11. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.I.3 over, beyond, ἐν Κρήτῃ εὐρείῃ τηλοῦ ὑ. πόντου [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.257. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__A.II metaphorically, in defence of, on behalf of, τεῖχος ἐτειχίσσαντο νεῶν ὕ. [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.449; ἑκατόμβην ῥέξαι ὑ. Δαναῶν 1.444 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: generally, for the prosperity or safety of, τὰ ἱερὰ ὑ. τῆς Εὐβοίας θῦσαι [[ “IG” 12.39.65, compare 45.5; ἱερὰ θυόμενα ὑ. τῆς πόλεως 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 2.2.13; ἐπιτελεῖν τὰς θυσίας ὑ. τε ὑμῶν καὶ τῶν τέκνων “UPZ” 14.27 (2nd c.BC)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; in dedications (always with reference to living persons), Σμικύθη μ᾽ ἀνέθηκεν.. εὐξαμένη.. ὑ. παίδων καὶ ἑαυτῆς [[ “IG” 12.524, compare 22.4403, 42(1).569 (Epid.); Ἀρτέμιδι Σωτείρᾳ ὑ. βασιλέως Πτολεμαίου Ἐπικράτης Ἀθηναῖος “OGI” 18 (Egypt, 3rd c.BC), compare 365 (Amasia, 2nd c.BC), +others; ὑ. τῆς εἰς αἰῶνα διαμονῆς Ἀντωνείνου Καίσαρος [prev. work]702.3 (Egypt, 2nd c.AD); ὑ. τῆς τύχης.. Ἀντωνείνου Σεβαστοῦ Εὐσεβοῦς [prev. work]703.2 (Ptolemais, 2nd c.AD); ὑ. σωτηρίας τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν.. Ἀντωνείνου [prev. work]706 (Egypt, 2nd-3rd c.AD)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; εὑδόντων ὕ. φρούρημα [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 705 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὑ. τινὸς κινδυνεύειν, μάχεσθαι, βοηθεῖν, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.20, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 642c, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 3.5.6; ἧς ἔθνῃσχ᾽ ὕ. 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 708; ὑ. γῆς τῆς Ἀθηναίων ναυμαχέειν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.70; ὑ. τῆς Ἑλλάδος ἀμῦναι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 692d ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀμυνῶ ὑ. ἱερῶν καὶ ὁσίων Jusj. cited in [[ 2nd c.AD(?): Pollianus Epigrammaticus 8.105; νῦν ὑ. πάντων ἀγών 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 405; ὑ. δόξης τελευτήσαντες 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 23.210, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 6.93 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; πάνθ᾽ ὑ. ὑμῶν φανήσεται πράξας Χαβρίας, καὶ τὴν τελευτὴν αὐτὴν τοῦ βίου πεποιημένος οὐχ ὑ. ἄλλου τινός in your interests, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 20.80, compare 83; ὑ. τῆς Ἀσίας στρατηγήσας 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.154 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; of things sought, ὑ. τοῦ νεκροῦ ὠθισμὸς ἐγένετο πολύς [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.225 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀφίκετο ὑ. γενεᾶς, ὑ. φωνᾶς, ὑ. τοῦ θησαυροῦ, [[ “IG” 42 (1).121.10,42, 123.11 (Epid., 4th c.BC)] Refs 4th c.BC+]; γίνωσκέ με πεπορεῦσθαι εἰς Ἡρακλέους πόλιν ὑ. τῆς οἰκίας [[ “UPZ” 68.3 (2nd c.BC)] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; sometimes even of the thing to be averted, ἱκέσιον λόχον δουλοσύνας ὕ. about slavery, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 111 (Lyric poetry), compare 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 3.10. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__A.II.2 for, instead of, in the name of, ὑ. ἑαυτοῦ τι προϊδεῖν on his own behalf, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.141; ὑ. τινὸς ἀποκρίνεσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 590a; προλέγειν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 7.7.3; ἐπεὶ οὖν σὺ σιωπᾷς, ἐγὼ λέξω καὶ ὑ. σοῦ καὶ ὑ. ἡμῶν [prev. author] “Cyr.” 3.3.14, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 554 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὑ. Ζήνωνος πράσσων as Zeno's representative, [[ “PSI” 4.389.8 (3rd c.BC)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ἔγραψεν ὑ. αὐτῶν διὰ τὸ φάσκειν αὐτοὺς μὴ εἰδέναι γράμματα [[ “PGrenf.” 2.17.9 (2nd c.BC)] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; θεάσασθε ὃν τρόπον ὑμεῖς ἐστρατηγηκότες πάντ᾽ ἔσεσθ᾽ ὑ. Φιλίππου as though by commission from P., [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 3.6 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; so in other dialects with accusative, see below [[ 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus see ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.II.3 in adjurations, with verbs of entreaty, entreat one as representative of another, τῶν ὕ. ἐνθάδ᾽ ἐγὼ γουνάζομαι οὐ παρεόντων, i. e. I entreat you as they would if they were here, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.665, compare 660 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; then more metaphorically, by, λίσσομ᾽ ὑ. ψυχῆς (as you value your life) καὶ γούνων σῶν τε τοκήων [[ 22.338, compare 24.466; λίσσομ᾽ ὑ. θυέων καὶ δαίμονος.. σῆς τ᾽ αὐτοῦ κεφαλῆς καὶ ἑταίρων 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.261; λίσσου᾽ ὑ. μακάρων σέο τ᾽ αὐτῆς ἠδὲ τοκήων 3rd c.BC: Apollonius Rhodius Epicus 3.701 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὑ. ξενίου λίσσεται ὔμμε Διός in the name of Zeus, [[“Anthologia Graeca” 7.499.2 (3rd c.BC: Theaetetus Epigrammaticus)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; so Aeolic dialect περ (see. περί [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus V). ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__A.II.4 of the cause or motive, for, because of, by reason of, ἀλγέων ὕ. [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Supplices” 1125 (Lyric poetry); ὑ. παθέων [prev. author] “Hipp.” 159 (Lyric poetry); ἔριδος ὕ. [prev. author] “Andr.” 490 (Lyric poetry) ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; of punishment or reward, for, on account of, τοῖσιν ἄγουσιν κλαύμαθ᾽ ὑπάρξει βραδυτῆτος ὕ. [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 932 (_anapaest meter_), compare 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 11.39, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 3.43, 4.20, 13.41,42, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.3.4 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀτῆθθαι ὑ. τῶ πατρὸς τὰ πατρώϊα the father's property shall pay the fine for the father, [[ “Leg.Gort.” 11.42; ἀποτεισάτω ὁ δεσπότης ὑ. τοῦ δούλου “PHal.” 1.198 (3rd c.BC)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; τοῦτον (i.e. a runaway slave) ὃς ἂν ἀναγάγῃ, λήψεται ὅσα καὶ ὑ. τοῦ προγεγραμμένου [[ “UPZ” 121.24 (2nd c.BC)] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; τὸ κατεσκευασμένον ὑ. τῆς ἡμετέρας σωτηρίας Ἰσιδεῖον as a thank-offering for.., [[ Sammelb. 3926.12 (1st c.BC)] Refs 1st c.BC+]; ὑ. ὧν ἐτιμήσαμεν αὐτοὺς ταῖς μεγίσταις τιμαῖς [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 9.57; ἀποδοῦναι χάριν ὑ. ὧν.. ἅπαντας ἀνθρώπους εὐεργέτησεν [prev. author] 4.56 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; of payment, ἡμιωβέλιον ὑ. ἑκάστου [[ “IG” 12.140.2 ] Refs]; μέτρησον Ποσειδωνίῳ ὑ. Ἡρακλείδου on account of H., i.e. debiting H.'s account, [[ “PFay.” 16 (1st c.BC)] Refs 1st c.BC+]; μετρήσω ὑ. σοῦ εἰς τὸ δημόσιον for the credit of your account, [[ PAmh. 2.88.22 (2nd c.AD)] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; ὑ. λαογραφίας [[ “Ostr.Bodl.” iii 80 (1st c.AD)] Refs 1st c.AD+]; ὑ. λόγου ἀννώνης [[ “Ostr.” 1479 (3rd c.AD)] Refs 3rd c.AD+]; ὑ. ὧν ἔμαθεν καταβαλεῖν μισθόν [[ 4th c.AD: Julianus Imperator “Orationes” 3.126a, compare 2nd-3rd c.AD: Aelianus “De Natura Animalium - Ar.Byzantine Epit.” 3.39. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__A.II.5 ὑ. τοῦ μή with infinitive, for the purpose of preventing or avoiding, ὑ. τοῦ μηδένα.. βιαίῳ θανάτῳ ἀποθνῄσκειν [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Hiero” 4.3; ὑ. τοῦ μὴ ποιεῖν τὸ προσταττόμενον 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 7.64, compare 12.80; τὴν πόλιν ἐκλιπεῖν ὑπέμειναν.. ὑ. τοῦ μὴ τὸ κελευόμενον ποιῆσαι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.204: also without μή,] Refs 5th c.BC+] for the sake of, ὑ. τοῦτοῖς ἄλλοις ἐπιτάττειν ἐθέλειν ἀποθνῄσκειν to be ready to die for the sake of.., [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 6.94; μὴ τοσαύτην ποιεῖσθαι σπουδὴν ὑ. τοῦ βλάψαι τοὺς πολεμίους ἡλίκην ὑ. τοῦ μηδὲν αὐτοὺς παθεῖν δεινόν 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.94.9, compare 5.32.1, 5.86.8 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: this construction is found also in signification [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus 111. ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__A.III concerning, ὑ. σέθεν αῐσχε᾽ ἀκούω [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.524; κᾶρυξ ἀνέειπέ νιν ἀγγέλλων Ἱέρωνος ὑ. καλλινίκου ἅρμασι 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 1.32; Σκύθαι μὲν ὧδε ὑ. σφέων τε αὐτῶν καὶ τῆς χώρης τῆς κατύπερθε λέγουσι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.8 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; τὰ λεγόμενα ὑ. ἑκάστων variant in [[ [prev. author] 2.123; τοὺς ὑ. τοῦ αἰῶνος φόβους 4th-3rd c.BC: Epicurus Philosophus “Sententiae” 20 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; διαλεχθῆναι, ἀγορεύειν ὑ. τινός, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 39e, “Lg.” 776e ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; περὶ μὲν οὖν τούτων τοσαῦτά μοι εἰρήσθω, ὑ. ὧν δέ μοι προσήκει λέγειν.. [[ 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 24.4, compare 21, 16.20; ὑ. οὗ.. ὁμολογῶ.. διαφέρεσθαι τούτοις 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.31 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; βουλευομένων ὑ. τοῦ ποίαν τινὰ [εἰρήνην ποιητέον] [[ [prev. author] 19.94; ἔγραψάς μοι ὑ. τῶν καμίνων “PCair.Zen.” 273.2 (3rd c.BC)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ἐνεκάλουν ὑ. σύκων [[ “PSI” 6.554.24 (3rd c.BC)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ἐπεδώκαμέν σοι ὑπόμνημα ὑ. τοῦ μὴ εἰληφέναι τὴν.. ὄλυραν [[ “UPZ” 46.4 (2nd c.BC)] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; συλλαλήσαντες ὑ. τοῦ τὴν πόλιν ἐνδοῦναι τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις [[ 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 1.43.1 ] Refs 2nd c.BC+]; θροῦς ὑ. τοῦ τὸν Λυκοῦργον ἐκπέμπειν talk of sending L., [[ [prev. author] 5.18.5, compare 6 ] Refs]; γνώμην ὑ. τῆς κοινῆς [δόξης] [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 6.93; ὑ. τῶν τούτου λῃτουργιῶν.. ὡδὶ γιγνώσκω 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.152; ἐκ τῶν ἐμφανῶν ὑ. τῶν ἀφανῶν πιστεύειν 4th c.AD: Julianus Imperator “Orationes” 4.138b; with verbs expressing emotion, ποίας.. γυναικὸς ἐκφοβεῖσθ᾽ ὕ.; 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 989; εἰ τὰ παρὰ σοὶ καλῶς ἔχει, θάρρει ὑ. ἐκείνων 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 7.1.17; οὐδεὶς ὑ. μου δαιμόνων μηνίεται κατασφαγείσης 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 101 (approaching sense 11.1). ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.I of Place in reference to motion, over, beyond, frequently in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, e.g. ὑ. ὦμον ἤλυθ᾽ ἀκωκή 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.16, compare 851; ἀλάλησθε.. ὑπεἰρ ἅλα 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.73, compare 7.135, +others, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 250, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 1145 (Lyric poetry); ὑ. τὸν δρύφακτον ὑπερτιθέμενοι 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 1.22.10 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: without such reference, ὑ. Ἡρακλείας στήλας ἔξω κατοικοῦσι [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Critias” 108e, compare 4th c.AD: Julianus Imperator “Orationes” 1.6d; τὰς κεφαλὰς ὑ. τὸ ὑγρὸν ὑπερίσχον 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.84.9; τῶν ὑ. τὸ Σαρδῷον πέλαγος τόπων [prev. author] 2.14.6; ὑ. Μασσαλίαν [prev. author] 2.16.1; λόφον κείμενον ὑ. τὴν ὁδόν [prev. author] 2.27.5, compare 3.47.2, +others; τῶν συριῶν ὑ. τὴν σκηνὴν οὐσῶν “PHib.” 1.38.7 (3rd c.BC)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐλὴ.. ὑ. ὀφρὺν δεξιάν [[ “PCair.Zen.” 76.13 (3rd c.BC)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; τὸ ὑ. τὸν ἔσχατον.. σπόνδυλον [[ 2nd c.AD: Soranus Medicus 1.102; ὑ. τὸν οὐρανόν 4th c.AD: Julianus Imperator “Orationes” 4.135a. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__B.II of Measure, above, exceeding, beyond, ὑ. τὸν ἀλαθῆ λόγον [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 1.28; ὑ. τὸ βέλτιστον 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 378 (Lyric poetry); ὑ. ἐλπίδα 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 366 (Lyric poetry); ὑ. δύναμιν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.16; μεγέθει ὑ. τοὺς ἐν τῇ νηΐ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 488b; ὑ. ἄνθρωπον εἶναι [prev. author] “Lg.” 839d, 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Vit.Auct.” 2 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὑ. ἡμᾶς beyond our powers, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Parmenides” 128b; ὑ. τὴν ἀξίαν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hercules Furens” 146; ὑ. τὴν οὐσίαν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 372b ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὑ. τὸ ὕδωρ [[compare (ὕδωρ 1.4) 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Pr.Im.” 29. ] Refs 2nd c.AD+]
__B.II.b after comparative, than, δυνατώτεροι ὑ... [[ LXX.Judg.18.26: so after Posit., τοῖς ἀγαθοῖς ὑ. αὐτόν] LXX] better than he,[[LXX.3Ki.2.32. ] LXX]
__B.II.2 of transgression, in violation of, ὑ. αἶσαν, opposed to κατ᾽ αἶσαν, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.59, +others; ὑ. Διὸς αἶσαν 17.321; ὑ. μοῖραν 20.336 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὑ. μόρον (or ὑπέρμορον)[[ [prev. work] 30; ὑ. θεόν 17.327; ὑ. ὅρκια 3.299, +others ] Refs]
__B.III of Number, above, upwards of, τὰ ὑ. δέκα μνᾶς [ξυμβόλαια] [[ “IG” 12.41.23, compare 22.48, +others; ὑ. τεσσεράκοντα ἄνδρας 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.64 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὑ. τετταράκοντα (i.e. ἔτη) [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 5.4.13; ὑ. τὰ στρατεύσιμα ἔτη γεγονόσι [prev. author] “Cyr.” 1.2.4 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὑ. ἥμισυ more than half, [[[prev. work] 3.3.47. ] Refs]
__B.IV of Time, beyond, i.e. before, earlier than, ὁ ὑ. τὰ Μηδικὰ πόλεμος [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.41; ὑ. τὴν φθοράν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 23c. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__B.V in some dialects, in sense [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus 11.1,2] Refs 4th c.BC+], on behalf of, ὑ. τὰν πόλιν [[ “SIG” 437 (Delph., 3rd c.BC), +others,compare “IG” 42(1).109iv113 (Epid., 3rd c.BC), 5(2).438-40,442 (Megalopolis, 2nd c.BC), 42(1).380,665 (Epid., 1st c.AD), “IPE” 4.71.10 (Cherson., 2nd c.AD)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; in sense [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus 111] Refs 4th c.BC+], concerning, ἐπικράνθη μοι ὑ. ὑμᾶς [[ LXX.Ruth.1.13. ] LXX]
__C WITH DAT., only [[ 4th c.AD(?): Arcadius Grammaticus, μαχόμενοι ὑ. τᾷ τᾶς πόλιος ἐλευθερίᾳ] Refs 4th c.AD+] fighting for.., [[ Inscriptiones Graecae 5(2).16 (Tegea, 3rd c.BC). ] Refs 3rd c.BC+]
__D POSITION: ὑπέρ may follow its substantive, but then by anastrophe becomes ὕπερ, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.339, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.450, +others, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1444, etc. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__E AS adverb., over-much, above measure, ὑπὲρ μὲν ἄγαν [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 627 (Lyric poetry)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; also written ὑπεράγαν, [[ 1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Strabo Geographus 3.2.9, 2nd-3rd c.AD: Aelianus “De Natura Animalium - Ar.Byzantine Epit.” 3.38, etc.] Refs 1st c.BC+]; compare ὑπέρφευ: as a predicate, διάκονοι Χριστοῦ εἰσ; ὑπὲρ ἐγώ I am more [than they], [[ NT.2Cor.11.23. ] NT]
__F IN COMPOSITION (joined with other words), signifies over, above, in all relations, e. g.,
__F.1 of Place, over, beyond, as in ὑπεράνω, ὑπέργειος, ὑπερβαίνω, ὑπερπόντιος.
__F.2 of doing a thing for or in defence of, as in ὑπερμαχέω, ὑπερασπίζω, ὑπεραλγέω.
__F.3 above measure, as in ὑπερήφανος, ὑπερφίαλος.
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STEPBible TFLSJ (Translators Formatted full LSJ Bible lexicon), CC BY 4.0, Tyndale House. Greek lexical entries from the full Liddell-Scott-Jones lexicon, formatted by Tyndale House Cambridge for biblical study.
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