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φεύγω,
[[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.472, etc.: _Epic dialect_ ] Refs 8th c.BC+]infinitive φευγέμεν, φευγέμεναι, [[ 10.147, 21.13 ] Refs]; imperfect ἔφευγον [[ 22.158, etc., poetical φεῦγον 9.478, 7th c.BC: Tyrtaeus Elegiacus 5.8, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 9.13: iterative φεύγεσκον 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.461, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.43 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: future φεύξομαι [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.307, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; also φευξοῦμαι in [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus and Comedy texts, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 341, 346, “Hel.” 500, 1041, “Ba.” 659, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 203 (codex R), 1129, “Pl.” 447, “Av.” 932 (ἀπο-), 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 283 ] Refs 5th c.BC+] (but uncertain where found in Attic dialect Prose, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 635c, +others, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 38.19 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; φευξεῖται is uncertain reading in [[ “IPE” 12.24.11 (Olbia, 4th c.BC)] Refs 4th c.BC+]; future active ἐκ-φεύξω only late, variant in [[ 5th-4th c.BC: Aesopus Fabularum Scriptor 349b, cf. Chambry ii p.479): ] Refs 5th c.BC+]aorist ἔφῠγον, Ionic dialect φύγεσκον [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.316 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]: perfect πέφευγα [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.154 codices (see. below 11.1a)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; optative πεφεύγοι [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.609 (ἐκ-πεφευγοίην 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 840)] Refs 8th c.BC+], participle πεφευγότες [[ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.12 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; participle perfect passive πεφυγμένος in active sense, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.488, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.18, etc. (in _passive_ sense, 4th-3rd c.BC: Epicurus Philosophus “Fragmenta” 423)] Refs 8th c.BC+]; Epic dialect πεφυζότες (compare φύζα) [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.6, 528, 532, 22.1, later _sing._ πεφυζώς 2nd c.BC: Nicander Epicus “Theriaca” 128 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; Aeolic dialect πεφύγγων, see at {φυγγάνω}:—middle, μὴ φεύγησθε Anon.Hist. in [[ “PLit.Lond.” 115: ] Refs]aorist 1 δια-φεύξασθαι Decrees [[ 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus in 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “ἐπιστολαί” 25. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
Close Browse lexicon entries __I absolutely, flee, take flight, opposed to διώκω, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.157, etc.; βῆ φεύγων ἐπὶ πόντον 2.665; πῇ φεύγει; 8.94; πόσε φεύγετ; 16.422; ποῖ φύγωμεν.. χθονό; 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 777 (Lyric poetry); ποῖ τις οὖν φύγ; 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 403 (Lyric poetry); ἐνθένδε ἐκεῖσε φ. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 176b: with Preps., φ. ἀπό τινος 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.120; φεύξονται ἀφ᾽ ἑαυτῶν εἰς φιλοσοφίαν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 168a, etc.] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐκ πολέμοιο, ἐκ θανάτοιο, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.118, 20.350; ἐκ κακῶν πεφευγέναι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 437, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.65; ὑπὲκ κακοῦ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.700, compare 17.461 (rarely with _genitive_ only, πεφυγμένος ἦεν ἀέθλων (see. below 11) 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.18; τῆς νόσου πεφευγέναι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1044); φ. ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.140, 159, +others] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐπὶ Σάρδεων, ἐπὶ τὸν Ἑλικῶνα, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 7.2.1, “Ages.” 2.11; πρὸς τὸ ὄρος [prev. author] “HG” 3.5.19; ὑπὸ γᾶν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 175 (Lyric poetry); ὑπὸ δελφῖνος ἰχθύες φ. 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.23, compare 554 (compare below 111.2): with _accusative_ _cognate_, φύγε λαιψηρὸν δρόμον] Refs 8th c.BC+] ran the course full swiftly, [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 9.121; τίνα φυγὴν φευξούμεθ; 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Helena” 1041 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; φ. τὴν παρὰ θάλασσαν (i.e. ὁδόν) flee by the shore route, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.12; compare below 111 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; for φυγῇ φεύγειν, see[[ below 11.1, φυγή 1.1. ] Refs]
__I.2 present and imperfect tenses properly express only the purpose or endeavour to get away: hence participle φεύγων is added to the compound Verbs καταφεύγω, ἐκφεύγω, προφεύγω, to distinguish the attempt from the accomplishment, βέλτερον, ὃς φεύγων προφύγῃ κακὸν ἠὲ ἁλώῃ it is better that one should flee and escape than stay and be caught, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.81; φεύγων ἐκφεύγει 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.95, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 177; φ. καταφυγεῖν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.23. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__I.3 φ. εἰς.. have recourse to.. take refuge in.., ἐς τοὺς ἀφώνους μάρτυρας [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 1076. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__I.4 with infinitive, shun or shrink from doing, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.76, 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 1.13, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 26a ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; with infinitive omitted, φεύγουσι γάρ τοι χοἱ θρασεῖς shrink back, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 580. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II with accusative, flee, avoid, escape, Ἕκτορα [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.327, etc.; φ. τινὰ ἐκ μάχης 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.104; φ. ἐς τὴν Ἀσίην τοὺς Σκύθας [prev. author] 4.12; φ. θάνατον 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.60; ἔνθ᾽ ἄλλοι μὲν πάντες, ὅσοι φύγον αἰπὺν ὄλεθρον, οἴκοι ἔσαν πόλεμόν τε πεφευγότες ἠδὲ θάλασσαν 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.11 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἔφυγον κακόν, εὗρον ἄμεινον, formula used by μύσται, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.259 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; with modal dative, φ. ὄνειδος λόγοις, ἀμαχανίαν ἔργῳ, [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 6.90, “P.” 9.92 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; avoid, shun, χρὴ.. φεύγειν τὰ παχύνοντα [[ 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus “περὶ λεπτυνούσης διαίτης - CMG” 12; τὴν ἀργίαν καὶ τὴν ἀκινησίαν τοῦ σώματος 2nd c.AD: Soranus Medicus 1.93, compare 46, +others] Refs 2nd c.AD+]; φόνον φ. flee the consequences of the murder, [[ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 796; αἷμα συγγενὲς φ. χθονός [prev. author] “Supp.” 148; τὰν Διὸς μῆτιν φ. 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 906 (Lyric poetry); ὀσμὴν.., μὴ βάλῃ, πεφευγότες 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 412; φεύγων φυγῇ τὸ γῆρας 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 195b; ἐς πόντον.. φύγε πέτρας νηῦς 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.131 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; οὐδεμία [πόλις] πέφευγε (sed perhaps to be read ἀπέφυγε) δουλοσύνην πρὸς Ἱπποκράτεος at the hands of.., [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.154 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: participle perfect passive also retains the accusative in [[ 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus ] Refs 8th c.BC+] in periphrastic phrases, μοῖραν δ᾽ οὔ τινά φημι πεφυγμένον ἔμμεναι ἀνδρῶν [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.488; πεφυγμένον ἔμμεν ὄλεθρον 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.455; οὔ οἱ νῦν ἔτι γ᾽ ἔστι πεφυγμένον ἄμμε γενέσθαι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.219, compare “hymnus ad Venerem” 34:] Refs 8th c.BC+] — but in passive sense, τὸ πάραυτα πεφυγμένον κακόν Epicur. [prev. cited]
__II.b seek to avoid, shirk, στρατείαν [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.162; εἰ τοῦτο φεύξονται καὶ μὴ 'θελήσουσι ποιεῖν [prev. author] 20.138 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; so in aorist, ἢν φύγῃ τις, ζημιοῦν [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 717. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__II.2 of things, ἡνίοχον φύγον ἡνία escaped, slipped from his hands, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.465; Νέστορα δ᾽ ἐκ χειρῶν φύγον ἡνία 8.137, compare 11.128 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; τὸ φεῦγον the part which slips, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “de Equitandi ratione” 10.9, compare 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “κατ᾽ ἰητρεῖον” 9, 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 18(2).735: with double _accusative_, ποῖόν σε ἔπος φύγεν ἕρκος ὀδόντων 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.350, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.64, etc. ] Refs 8th c.BC+]
__II.2.b of wine, 'go off', turn sour, [[ Gp. 7.7.8. ] Refs]
__III flee one's country, [[ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.478, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.259 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; οἱ φεύγοντες the exiles, [[ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.24, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Agesilaus” 7.6; πατρίδα φ. 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.228, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 3.1.24; τὴν αὑτοῦ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.26; ἅπασαν τὴν Ἀθηναίων ξυμμαχίδα “IG” 12.10.30; φ. ἐξ Ἄργεος 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.224, compare 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.85 ] Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐξ Ἀθηνέων, ἐκ τῆς πατρίδος, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.103, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.3.3. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.2 φ. ὑπὸ Σκυθέων to be expelled, driven out by.. [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.125 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: but especially to be exiled, φ. ὑπὸ τοῦ δήμου [[ [prev. author] 5.30, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 1.1.27 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; φ. ἐξ Ἀρείου πάγου by their sentence, [[ 4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 1.44: also with _accusative_, φ. Πεισιστρατίδας 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.62. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__III.3 absolutely, go into exile, live in banishment, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1668 (troch.), 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 2.2.9, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Menexenus” 242b; δύο ἔτη φευγέτω [prev. author] “Lg.” 867c ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; φ. ἀειφυγίαν to be banished for life, [[[prev. work] 871d, +others] Refs]; φεόγειν Ἀμφίπολιν ἀειφυγίην [[ “SIG” 194.3, compare 24 (Amphipolis, 4th c.BC)] Refs 4th c.BC+]; but also ἐν ἀειφυγίᾳ [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 877e; φεύγων ἀπ᾽ οἴκων ἃς ἐγὼ φεύγω φυγάς 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 976 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; φεύγοντες being in exile, opposed to φυγόντες having gone into exile, [[ 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 14.33 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; with play on words, “μέχρι τίνος φεύξῃ, Ἀρκαδίω; καὶ ὅς, ἔς τ᾽ ἂν τοὺς ἀφίκωμαι οἳ οὐκ ἴσασι Φίλιππον” [[ 4th-3rd c.BC: Duris Epigrammaticus 3 1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus ] Refs 4th c.BC+]
__IV as law-term (mostly in present and imperfect, but[[compare 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 12.4 (see. below))] Refs 5th c.BC+], to be accused or prosecuted at law: ὁ φεύγων the accused, defendant, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 893, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 405b, etc.; opposed to διώκω, οὔτε φεύγων ἁλοὺς οὔτε διώκων ἡττηθείς 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 23.66 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; with accusative, φ. γραφάς, δίκην, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 442 (Lyric poetry), “Nu.” 167; ὑπό τινος δίκας φ. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 19c, compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 49.1; οὐδενὶ πώποτε οὔτε ἡμεῖς οὔτε ἐκεῖνος δίκην οὔτε ἐδικασάμεθα οὔτε ἐφύγομεν 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator [same place]; φ. ἀπολογίας 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 3.201 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; the crime being added in genitive, φόνου δίκην φ. [[ 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.9; γραφὰς φ. παρανόμων 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.235 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; more frequently with genitive only, φ. φόνου to be charged with murder, [[ 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 10.31, 4th c.BC: Lycurgus Orator 133, etc.; φ. δειλίας 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 1129; ξενίας [prev. author] “V.” 718 (_anapaest meter_)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; with genitive of the penalty, ἐὰν.. φεύγῃ δεσμῶν [[ “OGI” 218.92 (Ilium, 3rd c.BC)] Refs 3rd c.BC+]; also περὶ θανάτου φ. [[ 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.95; φ. ἐπὶ μηνύσει τινός 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.18 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀσεβείας φ. ὑπό τινος is accused of impiety by.., [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 35d ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; rarely of things, τὸ φεῦγον ψήφισμα the decree that is on its defence, the decree in question, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 23.58:—in 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.214 αἰτίην φ.] Refs 5th c.BC+] has the older sense, flee from a charge, quit one's country on account of a charge.
__IV.2 plead in defence, δεῖ τοί σε φεύγειν.. ὡς οὐκ ἔχουσι κῦρος [οἱ νόμοι] [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 390 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἔφευγε μὴ εἰδέναι pleaded ignorance, [[ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 263 ] Refs 5th c.BC+], (Cf. Latin fugio, Gothic biugan 'bend', etc.)
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