φθόνος, ὁ,
ill-will or malice, especially envy or jealousy of the good fortune of others [[(5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Definitiones” 416b, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1387b22), 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 8.55, etc.; φθόνῳ ] Refs 5th c.BC+]through envy, [[ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.30, 9.71 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to εὔνοια, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 635b ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to ἔπαινος, [[ 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 24.1 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἴσχει ὄλβος φθόνον incurs envy, [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 11.29, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 5.68; φθόνον πρὸς ἀστῶν ἀλφάνουσι 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 297; φθόνῳ χρῆσθαι πρὸς τὰ παιδικά 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 253b ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; κρέσσων οἰκτιρμοῦ φθόνος better to be envied than pitied ! [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 1.85, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 2.6; πρὸς γὰρ τὸν ἔχονθ᾽ ὁ φ. ἕρπει 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 157 (_anapaest meter_), compare “OT” 382; ἐς τἀπίσημα δ᾽ ὁ φ. πηδᾶν φιλεῖ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 294 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; φ. συνεστιώμενος, of wealth, [[ 2nd c.AD: Secundus Gnomologus “Sententiae - FPG” 9; φ. [ἐστὶ] τοῖς ζῶσι πρὸς τὸ ἀντίπαλον 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.45; κατὰ φθόνον 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 686, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 457d; σὺν φθόνῳ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 780 (Lyric poetry); διὰ φθόνον NT.Phil.1.15 ] NT+5th c.BC+]: with genitive objecti, envy for, jealousy of, τῶν πεπραγμένων [[ 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 2.48 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; φθόνον δὲ σωμάτων ἕξει θεός i.e. will grudge, deny, [[ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 859 ] Refs 4th c.BC+]: with genitive subjunctive, envy or jealousy felt by another, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Hp.Ma.” 282a; also φ. ἐφ᾽ ἑτέροις 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.39e, etc.; εἴς τινα “Anthologia Graeca” 6.257 (1st c.AD: Antiphilus Epigrammaticus); πρός τινα 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Rh.Pr.” 22 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]: plural, envyings, jealousies, heartburnings, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 15.163, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 679c, 801e, etc. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]