φῐλόνῑκ-ος, ον,
fond of victory, contentious.
__1 in bad sense, οὔτε δύσηρις ἐὼν οὔτ᾽ ὦν φ. ἄγαν [[ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 6.19 (-νεικ- codices vett.)] Refs 5th c.BC+]; φ. ἐστι πρὸς ὃ ἂν ὁρμήσῃ [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 336e ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; coupled with φιλότιμος, [[ [prev. author] “R.” 545a, 582e (variant{-νεικ-}), compare 550b ] Refs]; ἐπίπονον καὶ φ. καὶ φιλότιμον.. καταστήσας τὸν βίον [[ 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 2.16. ] Refs 5th c.BC+]
__2 in good sense, of spirited horses, [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “de Equitandi ratione” 9.8 (_superlative_)] Refs 5th c.BC+]: of persons, φ. πρὸς τὸ μὴ ἐλλείπεσθαι [[ [prev. author] “Mem.” 2.6.5, compare 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Agesilaus” 2 (_superlative_)] Refs 1st c.AD+]; τὸ φ., ={φιλονικία, ἔσῳζον τὸ φ. ἐν ταῖς ψυχαῖς} [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 7.5.64. ] Refs 5th c.BC+] adverb -κως in eager rivalry, παραθεῖν [[ [prev. author] “Cyn.” 6.16; φ. ἔχειν πρὸς ἀλλήλους [prev. author] “Cyr.” 3.3.57, 8.4.4; φ. ἔχειν πρὸς τὸ εἰδέναι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 505e ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to ἀνθρωπίνως, [[ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator “Epistulae” 3.41. (In codices the forms φιλόνικος, -νικέω, -νικία and φιλόνεικος, -νεικέω, -νεικία] Refs 4th c.BC+] occur, without any distinction of meaning, e.g. in [[ 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator we find περὶ τῶν καλλίστων ἐφιλονίκησαν 4.85, but τὰς θεὰς περὶ τοῦ κάλλους φιλονεικούσας 10.48; μὴ δύσερις ὢν.., μηδὲ πρὸς πάντας φιλόνικος 1.31; τῆς πρὸς ἡμᾶς φιλονικίας 4.19, but φιλονεικία in the same sense, 12.158 ] Refs 5th c.BC+]; φιλόνῑκος is implied by [[ 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1389a12 (where -νεικ-, though found in good codices, as also in 1363b1, 1368b21, 1370b33, “Phgn.” 809b35, must be _falsa lectio_), καὶ φιλότιμοι μέν εἰσι [οἱ νέοι], μᾶλλον δὲ φιλόνικοι· ὑπεροχῆς γὰρ ἐπιθυμεῖ ἡ νεότης· ἡ δὲ νίκη ὑπεροχή τις,compare 2nd c.AD(?): Pollianus Epigrammaticus 1.178, “Anecdota Graeca - Bekker” 315] Refs 4th c.BC+]; the compound of φιλο- and νεῖκος would be Φιλονεική; the sense